While trying to install Perl modules like JSON::XS or YAML::XS, i receive the same error:
XS.xs:1:10: fatal error: 'EXTERN.h' file not found
I use MacBook, xCode is up to date, everything else that could help is up to date too.
Since OS X El Capitan, Apple introduced System Integrity Protection which restricts writing to /usr/lib /usr/bin and other sensitive directories (even to root or sudo user) that are used by the installation of Perl bundled with the Operating System. This can cause issues when it comes to installing new modules and also if trying to install XS modules ( those linked to external C libraries ).
For this reason you should not consider the default Perl installation as a working development environment, especially if you are installing custom modules.
Check out this thread on PM and others. I had since El-Capitan managed to solve this before by manually building from tarball and adding a few params or environment variables to set the paths believing that it would be best to retain use of the system Perl but this is not the way to go. This makes your environment difficult to build but also brittle and sensitive to OS updates that may either break things in many different ways.
The best practice seems to be starting with a Perl using brew install perl and work in this environment, remembering to setup your bash_profile as directed by the installer.
Also worth remembering to do a brew link perl. If you receive warnings about this clobbering what looks like system Perl libraries don't worry - these are likely modules that were installed by you over the top and it will cause you less trouble to link over these. If you have concerns, make a note of which module installs will be cleared and re-install them once your environment is configured ( ie your module installer approach is configured using cpanm or sticking with the old perl -MCPAN -e shell etc)
This new Perl setup from brew eliminates the need to continuing running sudo which adds another layer of things that can go wrong as environment variables don't follow through and permission conflicts arise etc.
Finally to simplify package/module installation I suggest doing a brew install cpanminus. If you had previously already installed this, you can ensure the paths etc are configured by doing a brew reinstall cpanminus
If you want to take it another step further then you can install perlbrew as well which will give you the ability to run multiple versions of Perl as your user and configure these with their own libs and modules which can be very useful particularly if aligning with your production environment for testing etc.
One problem you may face if moving from system Perl to this kind of approach is needing to deal with any hangovers from installing things with sudo. It wis worth taking a little time to get all this set up right though and your issues going forward will be greatly reduced and you won't be left with that nagging feeling that you don't want to change anything for fear of it all breaking.
I have also come across a Perl Blog Article that suggests a fix for XS issues with perlbrew on Mojave
This Gist described updating your cpan shell install root though this shouldn't be necessary unless your cpan is stuck in an old config after taking steps above.
I've also raised this as a new issue on PerlMonks
After reading https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode_release_notes/xcode_10_release_notes#3035624 and installing the Additional headers via
sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /
I successfully compiled without the missing 'EXTERN.h' error
In order to follow the common advice I also tried with Perlbrew to install a dedicated development version of Perl. Especially with the advice in mind First, do not use the system Perl on MacOS. The installed version is for Apple, not for you (see the discussion here: https://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=1224727).
Unfortunately, the following error occurred:
Test Summary Report
-------------------
porting/libperl.t (Wstat: 65280 Tests: 35 Failed: 0)
Non-zero exit status: 255
Parse errors: No plan found in TAP output
Files=2653, Tests=1217766, 708 wallclock secs (52.74 usr 9.40 sys + 395.38 cusr 49.90 csys = 507.42 CPU)
Result: FAIL
make: *** [test_harness] Error 1
##### Brew Failed #####
Therefore, I decided to install it the following way (and not following the advice due to the error).
Even after having the above mentioned macOS SDK headers already installed on Catalina (macOS 10.15.2) it didn't work for me. I faced the issue during the installation of the Perl module Mac-SystemDirectory-0.13. The following steps (by identifying the missing file in hope of having a more generic approach for more or less equivalent issues) did the trick:
Locate the header file (in this case EXTERN.h)
sudo find /Library -type f -name EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.28/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h
Ensure the installed Perl version (here 5.18) match the header file:
perl -v | grep version
This is perl 5, version 18, subversion 4 (v5.18.4) built for darwin-thread-multi-2level
Export the path for the C-Compiler (note MacOSX10.15.sdk for Catalina and Perl Version 5.18)
export CPATH=/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE
Invoke the Makefile.PL with perl
perl Makefile.PL
BTW — For anybody who's still struggling with this, my workaround was:
bash% module="Sub::Util" # For example
bash% cpanm --configure-args="INC=-I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE" "$module"
Please try this
CPATH=$(dirname $(find /usr/local/Cellar/ -name EXTERN.h)) cpan JSON::XS
For Big Sur and perl 5.30, EXTERN.h is at /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX11.3.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE
I'm trying to upgrade CPAN itself and got that error. But I have /usr/bin/cpan and I can't write there so I have to tweak it to write the updated version to /usr/local/bin/cpan.
No promises, but yum install perl-devel worked for me.
As #huyz has helpfully pointed out, if you hit this error on a Mac, you don't have this option, even though this is probably your issue, and you need to follow one of the above methods of getting a version of Perl that isn't missing important chunks, as per other answers.
But if, dear reader, you hit this error on a linux host, as I did, then this might be an option for you.
Building on what E Lisse suggested, you might also have luck looking in
/System/Volumes/Data/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/
For example:
CPATH=$(dirname $(find /System/Volumes/Data/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/ -name EXTERN.h)) cpan JSON::XS
You could also find where EXTERN.h is located and add that to your shell by default, e.g. in your .bashrc or .zshrc file:
export CPATH=/System/Volumes/Data/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX12.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/
I tried a lot of things I read on documentations or tutorials... But I still can't cross-compile Qt with the MySQL library driver. Story begins:
I have to cross-compile Qt from Linux to Windows (32bits) using MinGW (i686-w64-mingw32- prefix to be precise). I downloaded qtbase-opensource-src-5.9.4 and started to work like that:
$ ./configure -prefix [...]/qt-5.9.4 -xplatform win32-g++ -device-option CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/i686-w64-mingw32- -opengl desktop -no-sql-odbc -sql-sqlite -enable-shared -nomake examples -nomake tests -release
And it worked. Then, make and make install worked too. But I figured out that there was only the SQLite ".dll" in the plugins/sqldrivers repository. So I tried to compile the MySQL driver and... How can I do that?? If I add -sql-mysql to my ./configure ... call, I have to following error:
ERROR: Feature 'sql-mysql' was enabled, but the pre-condition 'libs.mysql' failed.
I downloaded MySQL library from the official website to get mysql-5.7.21-win32.zip. But how to link it with qtbase sources? Adding MYSQL_INCDIR=[...]/mysql-5.7.21-win32/include and MYSQL_LIBDIR=[...]/mysql-5.7.21-win32/lib or just MYSQL_PREFIX=[...]/mysql-5.7.21-win32 to my ./configure ... command results to the same error message.
Any idea please?
EDIT:
I tried to compile the driver like that (with the qmake I built previously):
$ cd qtbase-opensource-src-5.9.4/src/plugins/sqldrivers/mysql
$ [/*prefix of my previous build*/]/qt-5.9.4/bin/qmake .
And the result is:
Project ERROR: Library 'mysql' is not defined.
Ok everyone, I found the solution: do a clean checkout or add -recheck-all to the ./configure command when you want to add a lib like MySQL in my case. Easy isn't it? To make it clear, here is the command I used:
./configure -prefix [...] -xplatform win32-g++ -device-option CROSS_COMPILE=/usr/bin/i686-w64-mingw32- -opengl desktop -no-sql-odbc -sql-sqlite -plugin-sql-mysql MYSQL_PREFIX=[...] -enable-shared -nomake examples -nomake tests -release -recheck-all
That was just a refresh problem, but I prefer to let this answer because it's pretty hard to realize.
Instead of what you tried in your EDIT, should I think be:
$ cd qtbase-opensource-src-5.9.4/src/plugins/sqldrivers
qmake -- MYSQL_PREFIX= [...]/mysql-5.7.21-win32/include
When executing docker-machine inspect command, instead of the expected highlighted version of JSON piped into jq:
I'm seeing the following plain output (in cmd or ConEmu):
Not sure what needs to be done to enable proper json highlighting.
This happens on Windows 10 machine on which jq ver. 1.5 was installed via Chocolatey:
Apparently, this is an idiosyncrasy of jq Windows implementation, forcing the color output with -C option, as hinted by several commenters above, resolved the issue for me:
I've used python -m json.tool to pretty print JSON and check for errors for years. It is nice because it works on just about any system with python installed. How can I take out unnecessary whitespace that JSON ignores (i.e. not in string values) without installing on mac/linux/bsd/unix systems without installing anything special? Answers that work on recent baseline mac, freebsd and debian/ubuntu would be great.
I'm not a code golfer but I puzzled out this solution which makes a nice alias with some escaping:
python '-cimport json,sys;json.dump(json.load(sys.stdin),sys.stdout,separators=(",", ":"))'
To import a large JSON dataset in MongoDB we have mongoimport utility which works like that:
mongoimport --host xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx --db destination-db -c tags < tmp/source-file.json
Is there a way to call 'mongoimport' using MongoID, the ruby Object-Document-Mapper for MongoDB ?
Thanks
Luca
Mongoid is effectively a wrapper around the Ruby driver. The Ruby driver should allow you to run any of the database commands.
However, mongoimport is not a command. mongoimport is a separate binary (or executable) file.
The only way to run mongoimport from Ruby is to "shell out". Typically this involves using some form of exec command. Here's the first search link for running shell commands from Ruby.
You can also parse the JSON from your file, and just run Model.create(json_obj) and Mode.save directly in a rake task.