Sort a rails query based on array order - mysql

I want to sort an ActiveRecord query based on the values in an array. Something like:
#fruits=Fruit.where(seeds: true)._________________________
Say I wanted to sort the results by color using the array ['Red','Blue','Yellow']
I see where SQL supports the use of a case statement for custom ordering, does Rails have something that utilizes this?

If you're using MySQL, you can use FIELD. It would look like:
#fruit = Fruit.where(seeds: true).order("FIELD(color, 'Red', 'Blue', 'Yellow')")

Related

Can you construct an ActiveRecord scope with a variable query string?

Setup:
I'm using Ruby on Rails with ActiveRecord and MySQL.
I have a Coupon model.
It has an attribute called query, it is a string which could be run with a where.
For example:
#coupon.query
=> "'http://localhost:3003/hats' = :url OR 'http://localhost:3003/shoes' = :url"`
If I were to run this query it would either pass or fail based on the :url value I pass in.
# passes
Coupon.where(#coupon.query, url: 'http://localhost:3003/hats')
Coupon.where(#coupon.query, url: 'http://localhost:3003/shoes')
# fails
Coupon.where(#coupon.query, url: 'http://localhost:3003/some_other_url')
This query varies between Coupon models, but it will always be compared to the current url.
I need a way to say: Given an ActiveRecord collection #coupons only keep coupons with queries that pass.
The structure of the where is always the same, but the query changes.
Is there any way to do this without a loop? I could potentially have a lot of coupons and I am hoping to do this an ActiveRecord scope. Something like this?
#coupons.where(self.query, url: #url)
Perhaps I need to write a user defined function in my database?
Using multiple variables in a query is easy, but where the thing you are comparing your variable to is also a variable - that has me stumped. Any suggestions very appreciated.
I would agree with Les Nightingill's comment that this looks like something that should probably be solved at a more architectural level. I'd imagine an easy refactoring to extract a new CouponQuery model that's a 1:n table containing multiple entries for a coupon_id for each query url that should pass. Then you could use a simple join like
Coupon.joins(:coupon_query).where(coupon_queries: { url: my_url })
If adding a new table is not an option, and if you're running on a newer MySQL version (>= 5.7), you could consider transforming the query column (or adding a new json_query column) into a MySQL JSON field and using the new JSON_CONTAINS query.
If from the user-side they should be able to manage the queries as a plain text field, you could use a before_save hook on your model to translate this into the separate table structure or JSON format respectively.
But if neither is an option for you and you really need to stick with the query column that stores a plain string, then you could use a LIKE query to match the sub-string 'your-url' = :url:
Coupon.where('url LIKE "%? = :url%"', my_url)
which, if you e.g. pass 'http://localhost:3003/hats' as my_url would return something like this SQL query:
SELECT `coupons`.* FROM `coupons`
WHERE (url LIKE "%'http://localhost:3003/hats' = :url%")

Select a sum in Knex.js without using .raw

I am trying to rewrite some MySQL queries in Knex.js, and I feel like I'm running into .raw at every turn, which feels counter to the reason I want to use Knex in the first place.
Is it possible to write the following query without using .raw?
SELECT
product,
SUM(revenue)
FROM orders
Using raw, it works to write:
knex()
.select(
'product',
knex.raw('SUM(revenue)')
)
.from('orders')
but the idea of using Knex was to avoid using MySQL query strings, so I'm hoping there's another way. Or does everyone just use .raw everywhere, and I'm misunderstanding something? Very possible, I'm new to this.
You can use the sum method.
sum — .sum(column|columns|raw) Retrieve the sum of the values of a
given column or array of columns (note that some drivers do not
support multiple columns). Also accepts raw expressions.
knex('users').sum('products')
Outputs:
select sum("products") from "users"
Probably be something like this:
knex()
.select('product')
.sum('revenue')
.from('orders')
You should adjust to your specific case. You might need to use something like groupBy('product') to get total revenue per product.
You should really go over knex's documentation, it's pretty good and straight forward and you definitely should not be using raw all the time.
You can even specify the returning sum column name like this:
knex(tableName)
.select('product')
.sum({ total: 'revenue' })
.groupBy('product');

How to query the DB to find an element inside a column that contain a json data from a multi select (Laravel)

This is what I've in my "attrib" db column data:
["last","featured","disabled"]
I try to add in my query something like
->whereRaw('FIND_IN_SET(?,attrib)', ['featured'])
but it not works...
UPDATE
I've resolved with:
$featured = Course::where('attrib', 'like', '%featured%')->get();
But I'm still looking for a better query without the use of "LIKE".
You may use whereIn() in your model
$attrib=["last","featured","disabled"];
->whereIn('attrib',[$attrib])->get();

Creating an OR statement using existing conditions hash

I am working on a problem where I need to add an OR clause to a set of existing conditions. The current conditions are built in a hash in a method and at the end, they are used in the where clause. Here is a simplified example:
...
conds.merge!({:users => {:archived => false}})
Model.where(conds)
I am trying to add an OR clause to the current set of conditions so it would be something like '(conditions) OR new_condition'. I'd like to add the OR statement without converting each addition to the conds hash into a string. That would be my last option. I was hoping someone has done something like this before (without using Arel). I seem to recall in Rails 2 there was a way to parse a conditions hash using a method from the model (something like Model.some_method(conds) would produce the where clause string. Maybe that would be a good option to just add the OR clause on to that string. Any ideas are appreciated. Thank you for your help!
I found a way to do what I needed. Instead of changing all of the conditions that I am building, I am parsing the conditions to SQL using sanitize_sql_for_conditions. This is a private method in ActiveRecord, so I had to put a method on the model to allow me to access it. Here is my model method:
def self.convert_conditions_hash_to_sql(conditions)
self.sanitize_sql_for_conditions(conditions)
end
So, once I convert my conditions to text, I can add my OR clause (along with the appropriate parentheses) to the end of the original conditions. So, it would go something like this:
Model.where('(?) OR (model.type = ? AND model.id IN(?))', Model.convert_conditions_hash_to_sql(conds), model_type, model_id_array)

How to select a fixed value using Arel?

I'd like to add an extra column to an Arel select result, where the value in the column is the same on every row, so that I can add extra information about the context of the query to a Rails ActiveRecord object.
So, how would I generate this SQL using Arel?
select date('2013-12-25') as foo
It should result in a result with a single column and a single row which contains a date value. I've used MySQL syntax here, but I'd like it to generate correct SQL for whichever backend is being used.
Looks like the answer is:
include Arel
select = SelectManager.new(Table.engine)
select.project(Nodes::NamedFunction.new('date', ['2013-12-25']).as('foo'))
select.to_sql