I am using the patch queue to achieve something like what this person asked here:
Why can't I rebase on to an ancestor of source changesets if on a different branch?
However, what I would like to do, is that when I have all the patches in the queue, rather than apply them one by one, I would like to collapse them into one changeset. Is this possible, by either a switch I didn't find, or by when pushing the patch from the queue, not committing, just having a local change.
Thanks
It sounds like you want to try hg qfold <PATCH>.... See the EditingHistory wiki or hg help qfold for further info.
There is no --all option for the qfold command, so you must specify each patch file manually or write a script / one-liner if you want to make this a batch process. See this related SO question:
Mercurial qfold ALL patches?
Related
I've got my IDE set to commit locally every time I save anything. I'd ideally like to keep an uncensored record of my idiot fumblings for the rare occasions they may be useful. But most of the time it makes my history way to detailed.
I'd like to know a good strategy to keep that history but be able to ignore it most of the time. My IDE is running my own script every time I save, so I have control over that.
I'm pretty new to Mercurial, so a basic answer might be all I need here. But what are all the steps I should do when committing, merging, and reporting to be able to mostly ignore these automatic commits, but without actually squashing them? Or am I better off giving up and just squashing?
Related question about how to squash with highly rated comment suggesting it might be better to keep that history
Edit - My point here is that if Mercurial wants to keep all your history (which I agree with), it should let you filter that history to avoid seeing the stuff you might be tempted to squash. I would prefer not to squash, I'm just asking for help in a strategy to (in regular usage, though not quite always) make it look as much as possible like I did squash my history.
You want to keep a detailed history in your repo, but you want to have (and be able to export) an idealized history that only contains "reasonable" revsets, right? I can sympathize.
Solution 1: Use tags to mark interesting points in the history, and learn to ignore all the messy bits between them.
Solution 2: Use two branches and merge. Do your development in branch default, and keep a parallel branch release. (You could call it clean, but in effect you are managing releases). Whenever default is in a stable state that you want to checkpoint, switch to branch release and merge into it the current state of default-- in batches, if you wish. If you never commit anything directly to release, there will never be a merge conflict.
(original branch) --o--o--o--o--o--o--o (default)
\ \ \
r ... ... --r--------r (release)
Result: You can update to any revision of release and expect a functioning state. You can run hg log -r release and you will only see the chosen checkpoints. You can examine the full log to see how everything happened. Drawbacks: Because the release branch depends on default, you can't push it to another repo without bringing default with it. Also hg glog -r release will look weird because of the repeated merges.
Solution 3: Use named branches as above, but use the rebase extension instead of merging. It has an option to copy, rather than move outright, the rebased changesets; and it has an option --collapse that will convert a set of revisions into a single one. Whenever you have a set of revisions r1:tip you want to finalize, copy them from default to release as follows:
hg rebase --source r1 --dest release --keep --collapse
This pushes ONE revision at the head of release that is equivalent to the entire changeset from r1 to the head of default. The --keep option makes it a copy, not a destructive rewrite. The advantage is that the release branch looks just as you wanted: nice and clean, and you can push it without dragging the default branch with it. The disadvantage is that you cannot relate its stages to the revisions in default, so I'd recommend method 2 unless you really have to hide the intermediate revisions. (Also: it's not as easy to squash your history in multiple batches, since rebase will move/copy all descendants of the "source" revision.)
All of these require you to do some extra work. This is inevitable, since mercurial has no way of knowing which revsets you'd like to squash.
it should let you filter that history to avoid seeing the stuff you might be tempted to squash
Mercurial has the tools for this. If you just don't want see (in hg log, I suppose) - filter these changesets with revsets:
hg log -r "not desc('autosave')"
Or if you use TortoiseHg, just go View -> Filter Toolbar, and type in "not desc('autosave')" in the toolbar. Voila, your autosave entries are hidden from the main list.
If you actually do want to keep all the tiny changes from every Ctrl-S in the repo history and only have log show the subset of the important ones, you could always tag the "important" changesets and then alias log to log -r tagged(). Or you could use the same principle with some other revset descriptor, such as including the text 'autosave' in the auto-committed messages and using log -r keyword(autosave), which would show you all non-autosaved commits.
To accomplish your goal, at least as I'd approach it, I'd use the mq extension and auto-commit the patch queue repository on every save. Then when you've finished your "idiot fumblings" you can hg qfinish the patch as a single changeset that can be pushed. You should (as always!) keep the changes centered around a single concept or step (e.g. "fixing the save button"), but this will capture all the little steps it took to get you there.
You'd need to
hg qinit --mq once to initialze the patch queue repo (fyi: stored at \.hg\patches\)
hg qnew fixing-the-save-btn creates a patch
then every time you save in your IDE
hg qrefresh to update the patch
hg commit --mq to make the small changeset in the patch queue repo
and when you are done
hg qfinish fixing-the-save-btn converts the patch into a changeset to be pushed
This keeps your fumblings local to your repo complete with what was changed every time you saved, but only pushes a changeset when it is complete. You could also qpop or qpush to change which item you were working on.
If you were to try the squash method, you'd lose the fumbling history when you squashed the changesets down. Either that or you'd be stuck trying to migrate work to/from the 'real' repository, which, I can tell you from experience, you don't want to do. :)
I would suggest you to use branches. When you start a new feature, you create a new branch. You can commit as many and often as you like within that branch. When you are done, you merge the feature branch into your trunk. In this way, you basically separate the history into two categories: one in fine-grain (history in feature branches), and the other in coarse-grain (history in the trunk). You can easily look at either one of them using the command: hg log --branch <branch-name>.
If I have a bunch of uncommitted changes and want to set it aside while working on something else instead, and then later (f.i. after several days) come back to it and proceed working. What would be the easiest workflow to accomplish this? (So far I have only experience with Mercurial's basic functionality). My usual method was to create a new branch using clone, but there might be better ways.
You have a handful options:
Shelve the items. This saves the changes and removes them from the working directory so the branch can continue. It doesn't create a change-set.
hg shelve --all --name "UnfinishedChanges"
hg unshelve --name "UnfinishedChanges"
Update/Edit: Newer versions of mercurial may need to use
hg shelve -n "UnfinishedChanges"
hg unshelve "UnfinishedChanges"
You can still use --name as an alternative to -n, but mercurial doesn't seem to like --name anymore. Additionally, the --all is no longer required and mercurial will in fact freak out over it.
Patch queue the items using mq. This isn't too dissimilar to shelve in some respects, but behaves differently. The end result is the same, changes are removed and can be optionally re-applied later. When pushed, the patches are logical change-sets, when popped they are saved elsewhere and are not part of change-set history.
hg qnew "UnfinishedWork"
hg qrefresh
hg qpop
hg qpush "UnfinishedWork"
Commit them locally, update to the previous change-set and continue working and make use of anonymous branches (or multiple heads). If you then want the changes, you can merge heads. If you don't want the changes, you can strip the change-set.
hg commit -m"Commiting unfinished work in-line."
hg update -r<previous revision>
hg strip -r<revision of temporary commit>
Commit them to a named branch. The workflow then becomes the same as option 3 - merge or strip when you are ready.
hg branch "NewBranch"
hg commit -m"Commiting unfinished work to temporary named branch."
hg update <previous branch name>
Personally I use option 3 or 4 as I don't mind stripping change-sets or checking-in partial code (so long as that doesn't eventually get pushed). This can be used in conjunction with the new Phase stuff to hide your local change-sets from other users if need-be.
I also use the rebase command to move change-sets around to avoid merges where a merge wouldn't add anything to the history of the code. Merges I tend to save for activity between important branches (such as release branches), or activity from a longer-lived feature branch. There is also the histedit command I use for compressing change-sets where the "chattiness" of them reduces the value.
Patch queues are also a common mechanism for doing this, but they have stack semantics. You push and pop patches, but a patch that is "underneath" another patch in the stack requires that the one on top of it be pushed also.
Warning, as with all these options, if the files have more changes since the temporary changes that you've shelved / queued / branched, there will be merge resolution required when un-shelving / pushing / merging.
Personally, I don't like any of the answers posted so far:
I don't like clone branching because I like each project to have only one directory. Working on different directories at the same time completly messes the history of recent files of my editors. I always end up changing the wrong file. So I don't do that anymore.
I use shelve for quick fixes (just to move my uncommited changes to another branch, if I realize I'm at the wrong one). You are talking about days, no way I'd shelve something for days.
I think mq is too complicated for such an ordinary sittuation
I think the best way is to simply commit your changes, than you go back to the changeset before you start these changes and work from there. There are some minor issues, let me illustrate:
Let's say you have the changeset A. Than you start your changes. At this point you want set it aside for a while. First of all, commit your work:
hg ci -m "Working on new stuff"
If you want, you can add a bookmark to make it easier to come back later. I always create bookmarks to my anonymous branches.
hg bookmark new-stuff
Go back to the changeset before these modifications
hg update A
From here, you work and generate the changeset C. Now you have 2 heads (B and C), you'll be warned when you try to push. You can push only one branch by specifying the head of that branch:
hg push -r C
Or you can change the phase of the new-stuff branch to secret. Secret changesets won't be pushed.
hg phase -r new-stuff --secret --force
To keep local uncommited changes, easiest way for me is just to save them as a patch file.
hg diff > /tmp/`hg id -i`.patch
and when you need to return to previous state:
hg up <REV_WHERE_SAVED>
hg patch --no-commit /tmp/<REV_WHERE_SAVED>.patch
You can just clone your repo multiple times. I tend to have a root clone, then multiple childs from there. Example:
MyProject.Root
MyProject.BugFix1
MyProject.BugFix2
MyProject.FeatureChange1
MyProject.FeatureChange2
The 4 childs are all cloned from the root and push/pull to/from the root. The root then push/pulls from the master repo on the network/internet somewhere. The root acts as your sort of personal staging area.
So in your case, you'd just clone up a new repo and start working. Leave your 'shelved' work alone in the other repo. It's that simple.
The only downside is disk space usage, but if that were a concern you'd not be using DVCS at all anyway ;) Oh and it does kind of pollute your Visual Studio "recent projects" list, but what the hey.
[Edit following comments] :-
To conclude then... what you're doing is completely fine and normal. I would argue it is the best possible way to work when the following are true: 1) it is short-lived 2) you don't need to collaborate with other developers 3) the changes don't need to leave your PC until commit/push time.
I had two patches in series, neither one applied, and I accidentally called qdelete on the wrong one. Is there any way to reverse this operation and get my patch back? I had a huge amount of work in this one!!!
The way to avoid this (and I know it's not helpful now, sorry) is to not just use Mercurial Queues, mq, but to use it with a patch repository. Mercurial/mq has great support for this.
When initially creating the queue you do:
hg qinit --create-repo
(instead of just hg qinit), which creates a new Mercurial repository in your .hg/patches directory. Then you can use:
hg commit --mq
to commit all your patch files, and bringing this back would be just a matter of:
hg revert --mq
The bottom line, and again I know it's not helping you now, but maybe it'll help the next guy or you later, is: if you're writing code and it isn't committed somewhere it doesn't exist -- commit and push early and often
Unfortunately, if you did not use the -k option when calling the qdelete command, the patch file also got deleted. Thus your only hope is either a backup or an tool that could perform some "undelete" operation.
I've been using Mercurial for a few weeks now and don't understand why when Mercurial comes to merge committed changes from two repositories it does it in the working copy?
Surely the merge could happen without the use of the working copy removing the need to shelf changes etc.
It just doesn't seem necessary to involve the working copy. Am I missing something?
There is only one working copy per repository, by definition:
The working directory is the top-level directory in a repository, in which
the plain versions of files are available to read, edit and build.
Unless your file system descends from Schrödinger's cat, you cannot have two versions of the same file at the same time, thus you cannot have two working copies.
Nevertheless, it's indeed theoretically possible to use something like a ephemeral clone (per #Ry4an) to act as the working copy of a merge, resolve conflicts there, commit, then make it disappear. You'd get a beautiful merge changeset and your intact working copy.
I can think of several ways to achieve this:
Petition hg team to do it in core
Write an extension to implement the ephemeral clone or some other way
Shelve with a temporary changeset
Shelve with MQ
I would strongly recommend #4, as I would for almost all workflow scenarios. It took me a few good days to grok MQ, but once I did I've never had to turn back.
In an MQ workflow, your working copy is always the current patch. So for the merge situation you would do:
hg qrefresh
hg qpop -a
hg update -r<merge first parent>
hg merge [-r<merge second parent>]
hg commit
hg update qparent
hg qgo <working copy patch>
You don't have to pop all patches in #2. I always do that whenever I need to deal with real changesets to avoid mixing them up with patches.
Solution #3 is really the same as #4, since a patch is a temporary changeset by definition (this is really the only thing you need for understanding MQ). It's just different commands:
hg commit -A
hg update -r<merge first parent>
hg merge [-r<merge second parent>]
hg commit
hg update -r<working copy changeset parent>
hg revert -a -r<working copy changeset>
hg strip <working copy changeset>
If you want to keep the working copy changeset and continue to commit, simply update to it in #5.
From your question it seems like you already know #4 but don't like shelving. I think shelving is good because merging is a fundamentally different task than coding (changing working copy), and shelving makes the context switch explicit and safe.
I didn't write Mercurial, so I can't say why they did it that way, but here are some of the positive results of that decision:
you can look over the results of the merge before you commit it
you can edit the results of the merge before you commit it
you're encouraged to commit frequently
If you really want to do a merge and have stuff in your working dir that you can't bear to commit don't bother with shelve just do:
cd ..
hg clone myrepo myrepo-mergeclone
hg -R myrepo-mergeclone merge
hg -R myrepo-mergeclone push myrepo
On the same file system clone is near instantaneous and uses hardlinks under the covers so it takes up almost no space past that of the temporary working copy.
As mentioned in the chapter "Merge" of HgInit:
The merge command, hg merge, took the two heads and combined them.
Then it left the result in my working directory.
It did not commit it. That gives me a chance to check that the merge is correct.
Such check can include conflicts in merge, that the user has to review:
In KDiff3, you see four panes
The top left is the original file.
Top center shows Rose her version.
Top right shows Rose my version.
The bottom pane is an editor where Rose constructs a merged file with the conflicts resolved.
So you need a working directory (a view for the merge) in order to resolve fully a merge.
Say, I made many changes to my code and only need to commit a few of those changes. Is there a way to do it in mercurial? I know that darcs has a feature like this one.
I know hg transplant can do this between branches, but I need something like this for committing code in the present branch and not when adding change sets from some other branch.
If you are using TortoiseHg 1.x for Windows, this feature is implemented beautifully right out of the box (no extensions required).
Run the TortoiseHg Commit Tool.
Choose a file for which you only
want to commit a subset of its
changes.
Click on the Hunk
Selection tab in the preview pane.
Double-click or use the spacebar to
toggle which change hunks should be
included in the commit.
For TortoiseHg 2.x, the Hunk Selection tab is now gone. In its place, is the Shelve tool. It has a few more features than the old hunk selection. Those new features come at the cost of some added complexity.
Note that there is no need to explicitly enable the Mercurial Shelve extension when using this feature. According to Steve Borho (lead TortoiseHg developer) in response to a different TortoiseHg question: "We have a local copy of the shelve extension and call into it directly."
For TortoiseHg 2.7+, this functionality has been improved and re-introduced. It is now built directly into the Commit tool:
Notice in the file list on the left that the top file is checked to indicate it will be included, the second file is unchecked because it will not be included, and the third file, Sample.txt, is filled (the Null checkbox indicator) because only select changes from that file will be included in the commit.
The change to Sample.txt that will be included is checked in the lower-right change selection portion of the image. The change that will be excluded is unchecked and the diff view is grayed out. Also notice that the icon for the shelve tool is still readily available.
MQ as Chad mentioned are one way. There's also more lightweight solutions:
Record extension which works roughly the same way as darcs record. It's distributed with mercurial.
Shelve extension which allows you to "shelve" certain changes, allowing you to commit only a subset of your changes (the ones that are not shelved)
I feel like I'm missing something because nobody has suggested this already.
The normal "hg commit" command can be used to selectively choose what to commit (you don't have to commit all pending changes in the local working directory).
If you have a set of changes like so:
M ext-web/docroot/WEB-INF/liferay-display.xml
M ext-web/docroot/WEB-INF/liferay-portlet-ext.xml
M ext-web/docroot/WEB-INF/portlet-ext.xml
You can commit just two of those changes with...
hg commit -m "partial commit of working dir changes" ext-web/docroot/WEB-INF/liferay-display.xml ext-web/docroot/WEB-INF/liferay-portlet-ext.xml
Not super convenient from the command line because you have to hand-type the files to selectively commit (vs a GUI check-box process like tortoise) but it's about as straightforward as it gets and requires no extensions. And file-globbing can probably help reduce typing (as it would above, both committed files uniquely share "liferay" in their pathnames.
The Mercurial Queues tutorial is terrible for this use case. All the examples I have seen assume you have yet to make a commit and you are refreshing a single patch. Most of the time this is not the case, and you have 2 or 3 commits that you want to squash together or change in some other way.
Lets say you have this sort of history:
---O---O---A---B---C
The first example is to squash commits A, B, and C. First init mq:
$ hg qinit
Now we need to "import" the commits A, B and C into the patch queue. Lets assume they are the last 3 commits. We can use the "-N" revision syntax to import them like so:
$ hg qimport -r -3:-1
That means import as patches from 3 patches back up to the last commit. You can check the status of these patches with hg qseries. It should show something like this:
$ hg qseries
101.diff
102.diff
103.diff
Where the numbers 101, 102 and 103 correspond to the local revision numbers of the commits A, B and C. Now these patches are applied, which means the changes that they describe are already in the working copy. You can get rid of the changes the working copy and remove them from the history of commits, saving them in patch form only, by using hg qpop. You can either say hg qpop; hg qpop to pop changes C and B off the stack, or specify a patch to "pop to". In this case, it would be something like this:
$ hg qpop 101.diff
now at: 101.diff
You now have the patches for commits B and C in the patch queue, but they are not applied (their changes have been "lost" - they only exist in the patch queue area). Now you can fold these patches into the last one, i.e. we create a new commit that is the equivalent of the sum of the changes A+B+C.
$ hg qfold -e 102.diff 103.diff
This will show your editor so you can change the commit message. By default the message will be the concatenation of the commit messages for the changes A, B and C, separated by asterisks. The nice thing here is that hg qfold will tab-complete the patches if you are using bash and have the hg-completion script sourced. This leaves the history like this, where A+B+C is a single commit that is the combination of the 3 patches that interest us:
---O---O---A+B+C
Another use case is if we have the same sort of history as before, but we want to drop patch B and merge A+C. This is pretty similar to above actually. When you get to the qfold step, you would simply fold in the last commit rather than the last 2 commits:
$ hg qfold -e 103.diff
This leaves the change for B in the patch queue, but it is not applied to the working copy and its commit is not in the history. You can see this by running:
$ hg qunapplied
102.diff
The history now looks like this, where A+C is a single commit that combines changes A and C:
---O---O---A+C
A final use case might be that you need to apply only commit C. You'd do this by running the qimport as above, and you would pop off all patches you didn't want:
$ hg qpop -a
The -a flag means pop off all patches. Now you can apply just the one you do want:
$ hg qpush 103.diff
This leaves you with this history:
---O---O---C
Once you are done with all this, you need to finish off the queue fiddling. This can be done with:
$ hg qfinish -a
So there we are. You can now run hg push and only commit exactly what you want, or hg email a coherent patch to the mailing list.
Some time has passed. Seems the best option now is hg commit --interactive
You can use the record extension, which is distributed with Mercurial.
You need to enable it in your ~/.hgrc file first, by adding it to the [extensions] section:
[extensions]
record=
Then, just type hg record instead of hg commit, and you will be able to select which changes to which files you want to commit.
You can also use the crecord extension which provides a nicer interface to review and select the changes. (It is not distributed with Mercurial, though, and I've seen it occasionally mess up a commit so it's not completely bug-free.)
I believe Mercurial Queues fills this role for Mercurial. There's a pretty good tutorial linked there.
Try qct (Qt Commit Tool). It has a "select changes" feature that starts up a 3-way merge tool for you to undo individual changes. After you commit, those changes you "undid" come back.
I use commit-patch. It's a script that lets you edit the diff before committing. It's really nice with Emacs's diff-mode and vc-mode.
In the past I used crecord, but it has bugs related to unicode (actually the record extension has the bugs, which crecord depends on).
First you must forget everything you ever knew about GUI's and return to the commandline. Next from the commandline do this:
hg stat > filelist.txt
This pipes all your modified files into a text file called filelist.txt
Next edit your filelist to include only the files you wish to commit.
Finally commit using the fileset sytnax:
hg commit "set: 'listfile:test.txt'"