I am working on teaching myself more about TLS and Wireshark, and seem to be stuck.
I am currently capturing the SSL keys for client/server communications while I am copying a file from my client to my own OneDrive session. I am able to decrypt the TLS stream in Wireshark, and I can see the entire transmission of my file to the host, but I cannot export the file object from that stream. It appears to be inside json, and I don't know a thing about json.
Essentially what I am doing is looking at the characteristics of Data Exfiltration and Data Loss Prevention.
Thanks for your help.
Related
I am routing messages from an Azure IoT Hub to a blob container (Azure Storage as a routing endpoint). The messages sent to the IoT Hub are of Content Type: 'application/json' and Content Encoding: 'UTF-8'. However, when they arrive in blob storage several of these messages are batched together into one file with Content Type 'application/octet-stream'. Thus, for instance Power BI is not able to read these files in JSON format when reading directly from the blob.
Is there any way to route these messages so that each single message is saved as a json file in the blob container?
Tl;dr : Please make use of the Encoding option to specify AVRO or JSON format & Batch Frequency/Size to control the batch.
"With an Azure Storage container as a custom endpoint, IoT Hub will write messages to a blob based on the batch frequency and block size specified by the customer. After either the batch size or the batch frequency is hit, whichever happens first, IoT Hub will then write the enqueued messages to the storage container as a blob. You can also specify the naming convention you want to use for your blobs, as shown below."
The below image shows how we navigate to the IoTHub's message routing section to add a custom endpoint of a blob storage account.
-The below image shows how we configure the settings of the batch count and the size. Also please make use of the Encoding section to specify the message format such as AVRO or JSON
Please leave a comment below to let us know if you need further help in this matter.
The message encoding needs to be done by the device stream or as part of a module to translate the protocol. Each protocol (AMQP, MQTT, and HTTP) uses a different method to encode the message from base64 to UTF-8.
To route messages based on message body, you must first add property 'contentType' (ct) to the end of the MQTT topic and set its value to be application/json;charset=utf-8. An example is shown below.
devices/{device-id}/messages/events/$.ct=application%2Fjson%3Bcharset%3Dutf-8
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-hub/iot-hub-mqtt-support
Protocol: A standard to define a method of exchanging data over a network.
If a browser wants to communicate with a server, it has to create an HTTP request and send that HTTP request to the server to convey its request of resources and options. The server receives the request and process it and do the needful and create an HTTP response to send to the browser. The browser has to follow the HTTP specification in creating the HTTP request. The server also has to follow the HTTP specification in creating the HTTP response. This is how the communication between the browser and the server happens in a standard way to avoid conflicts by following the HTTP protocol.
Json Wire Protocol: A client has an object that has to be sent to a server. The client converts this object into a JSON object and sends it to the server. The server parses the JSON object and converts it back to object for use. The server converts the response object into a JSON object and sends it back to the client. The client then converts the JSON object to object for use.
Why the later is called as Json Wire Protocol?
You are pretty correct both about Protocol and JsonWireProtocol. At this point it is worth to mention that, earlier all implementations of WebDriver that communicated with the browser, or a RemoteWebDriver server shall use a common wire protocol. This wire protocol defines a RESTful web service using JSON over HTTP.
JSON Wire Protocol is an abstract specification of how automation behavior like clicking or typing or whatever you actually want to do with your automation script is mapped to selenium or appium or HTTP requests and response. The protocol will assume that the WebDriver API has been "flattened", but there is an expectation that client implementations will take a more Object-Oriented approach, as demonstrated in the existing Java API. The wire protocol is implemented in request/response pairs of "commands" and "responses".
What is JSON Wire protocol?
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight format for data exchange between client and server. Applications use JSON objects to send and receive data between each other in the web world. JSON data structure is industry standard and can be used for sending and receiving data as Key & Value pair. Some people say its a very nice alternative for XML. We can save JSON files as .json extension.
How JSON looks like?
A simple json file looks like below and there are many online editors which can be used to edit and verify JSON structure.
{
"Student":{
"FirstName":"Pawan",
"LastName":"Garia",
"IdNumber":"12345",
"City" : "New Delhi",
"EmailID" : "email#gmail.com" }
}
Why JSON Wire Protocol was used in first place?
To implement a client-server architecture which can give us the following benefits.
You write test in any programming language.
You can perform or run test on cloud services like SauceLabs, BrowserStack or Selenium Grid setup.
You are not bound to run test only on the local machine.
Different Drivers(FirefoxDriver, ChromeDriver) can be crated for browsers and separate implementation by using the same standards.
So client-server implementation requires a standard set of the specification beforehand so that Server and Client should be in sync with each other in term of what is coming and going on request and response. It’s something like a language of communication with each other. So we need some common specification to solve this kind of requirement and the solution was HTTP.
Why HTTP is the solution?
HTTP is a standard for web and can be a good base for the specification. Every programming language has a good HTTP libraries which can be used for creating client and server for request and response calls.
How JSON Wire protocol worked with HTTP?
HTTP request and response are generally made of GET and POST requests which is out of scope for this discussion.
Current status
From Selenium perspective, JSON Wire Protocol is obsolete now and the WebDriver W3C Living Document is the new implementation.
WebDriver Communication
The WebDriver protocol is organised into commands. Each HTTP request with a method and template defined in the specification represents a single command and hence each command produces a single HTTP response. In response to a command, the remote end will run a series of actions known as remote end steps. These provide the sequences of actions that a remote end takes when it receives a particular command.
Command Processing
The remote end is an HTTP server reading requests from the client and writing responses typically over a TCP socket. In the specification the communication is modeled as the data transmission between a particular local end and remote end with a connection to which the remote end may write bytes and read bytes. The exact details of how this connection works and how it is established is a bigger topic and out of scope for this question. After a connection has been established, the remote end must read bytes from the connection until a complete HTTP request can be constructed from the data. If it is not possible to construct a complete HTTP request, the remote end must either close the connection, return an HTTP response with status code 500, or return an error with error code unknown error.
Outro
Difference between JsonWireProtocol mechanisms and the new standards in W3C Living Document when using Selenium
I'm little confused about sending audio files from my client app (max. 10 sec of audio) into my server. The question is - which of the following options is the best?
From the client side save audio file into byte array and then convert it into Base64. After that send it in json request. On the server side, handle request in a Rest Api, decode Base64 and save it on the server. I was also wondering about making hash function of the audio file from the client side and send it also with the response and from the api compare these two hashes for integrity purposes (Missing packets or something).
Send an audio file as multipart form-data in json response and handle it in my Rest Api.
Simply saving file using FTP into my server.
Which option is the best? Or do you have any ideas?
I am looking for a way to dump http request & reaponse body (json format) in resteasy on wildfly 8.2.
I've checked this answer Dump HTTP requests in WildFly 8 but it just dumps headers.
I want to see the incoming json message and outgoing one as well.
Can configuration do it without filter or any coding?
Logging HTTP bodies is not something frequently done. That's probably the primary reason for RequestDumpingHandler in Undertow only logging the header values. Also keep in mind that the request body is not always very interesting to log. Think for example of using WebSockets or transmitting big files. You can write your own MessageBodyReader/Writer for JAX-RS, and write to a ByteArrayOutputStream first, then log the captured content before passing it on. However, given the proven infeasibility of this in production, I think your mostly interested in how to do this during development.
You can capture HTTP traffic (and in fact any network traffic) using tcpflow or Wireshark. Sometimes people use tools such as netcat to quickly write traffic to a file. You can use for example the Chrome debugger to read HTTP requests/responses (with their contents).
I am using Logback socket appender, and everything is ok, I can get log from socket.
My scenario is: we have a distributed app, all logs will be saved into to a log server's log file with SocketAppender. I just use SimpleSocketServer provided in Logback to get log from all apps. And the logs can be got and saved.
But, the only problem is, for socket appender, no encoder can be added, and the log message will be formatted maybe in some default format. But I must save them in some format.
A way I can find is to write a log server like SimpleSocketServer, and the log server will get the serialized object (ILoggingEvent), and format the object myself.
But in this way, I need to write too many codes. I think there should be one convenient way to add a encoder.
I don't think you need to worry about the serialized version. You will give the SocketAppender on the various clients String messages.
Then, so long as you configure the SimpleSocketServer to use the your desired Encoder in its configuration, all your messages should be in the correct format on disk.