I'm using json to output a bunch of classes.
The problem that i am trying to solve is what is the best way to output json for a nested class. The following simple example highlights the problem.
# python 3.x
import json
class Class1:
def __init__(self):
self.a = 'this'
self.b = 33
def toJSON(self):
return json.dumps({'a': self.a,
'b': self.b},
sort_keys=False, indent=2, separators=(',', ': '))
class Class2:
def __init__(self):
self.x = 'hello'
self.y = Class1()
self.z = 'world'
def toJSON(self):
return json.dumps({'x': self.x,
'y': self.y.toJSON(),
'z': self.z},
sort_keys=False, indent=2, separators=(',', ': '))
if __name__ == '__main__':
a = Class2()
print(a.toJSON())
This is the output I'm getting. Which contains control characters
{
"x": "hello",
"y": "{\n \"a\": \"this\",\n \"b\": 33\n}",
"z": "world"
}
This is the output I want would look something like this
{
"x":"hello",
"y":{
"a":"this",
"b":33
},
"z":"world"
}
Any assistance would be greatly appreciated.
I think you could implement cls encoder and then pass cls to json.dumps function like the following example.
import json
class Class1:
def __init__(self):
self.a = 'this'
self.b = 33
class Class2:
def __init__(self):
self.x = 'hello'
self.y = Class1()
self.z = 'world'
class ComplexEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
def default(self, obj):
if hasattr(obj, '__dict__'):
return obj.__dict__
else:
return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
if __name__ == '__main__':
a = Class2()
print(json.dumps(a, cls=ComplexEncoder, sort_keys=False, indent=2, separators=(',', ': ')))
You are dumping a JSON as string. Loading it as JSON and then returning would help
# python 3.x
import json
class Class1:
def __init__(self):
self.a = 'this'
self.b = 33
def toJSON(self):
return json.loads(json.dumps({'a': self.a,
'b': self.b},
sort_keys=False, indent=4, separators=(',', ': ')))
class Class2:
def __init__(self):
self.x = 'hello'
self.y = Class1()
self.z = 'world'
def toJSON(self):
return json.loads(json.dumps({'x': self.x,
'y': self.y.toJSON(),
'z': self.z},
sort_keys=False, indent=2, separators=(',', ': ')))
if __name__ == '__main__':
a = Class2()
print(a.toJSON())
Output :
{'x': 'hello', 'y': {'a': 'this', 'b': 33}, 'z': 'world'}
I am using repl.it, and also the webbrowser module to open a link using webbrowser.open(<link to open>)
But, my link doesn't work. Can you help me with this?
Here is my code:
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open("https://www.daffodilday.com.au/get-involved/register-your-school/", 2)
And a not-so-quick overview of the webbrowser module:
import os, sys, shlex, stat, subprocess, time
__all__ = ["Error", "open", "open_new", "open_new_tab", "get", "register"]
class Error(Exception):
pass
_browsers = {}
_tryorder = []
def register(name, klass, instance=None, update_tryorder=1):
_browsers[name.lower()] = [klass, instance]
if update_tryorder > 0:
_tryorder.append(name)
elif update_tryorder < 0:
_tryorder.insert(0, name)
def get(using=None):
if using is not None:
alternatives = [using]
else:
alternatives = _tryorder
for browser in alternatives:
if '%s' in browser:
browser = shlex.split(browser)
if browser[-1] == '&':
return BackgroundBrowser(browser[:-1])
else:
return GenericBrowser(browser)
else:
try:
command = _browsers[browser.lower()]
except KeyError:
command = _synthesize(browser)
if command[1] is not None:
return command[1]
elif command[0] is not None:
return command[0]()
raise Error("could not locate runnable browser")
def open(url, new=0, autoraise=True):
for name in _tryorder:
browser = get(name)
if browser.open(url, new, autoraise):
return True
return False
def open_new(url):
return open(url, 1)
def open_new_tab(url):
return open(url, 2)
def _synthesize(browser, update_tryorder=1):
cmd = browser.split()[0]
if not _iscommand(cmd):
return [None, None]
name = os.path.basename(cmd)
try:
command = _browsers[name.lower()]
except KeyError:
return [None, None]
# now attempt to clone to fit the new name:
controller = command[1]
if controller and name.lower() == controller.basename:
import copy
controller = copy.copy(controller)
controller.name = browser
controller.basename = os.path.basename(browser)
register(browser, None, controller, update_tryorder)
return [None, controller]
return [None, None]
if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
def _isexecutable(cmd):
cmd = cmd.lower()
if os.path.isfile(cmd) and cmd.endswith((".exe", ".bat")):
return True
for ext in ".exe", ".bat":
if os.path.isfile(cmd + ext):
return True
return False
else:
def _isexecutable(cmd):
if os.path.isfile(cmd):
mode = os.stat(cmd)[stat.ST_MODE]
if mode & stat.S_IXUSR or mode & stat.S_IXGRP or mode & stat.S_IXOTH:
return True
return False
def _iscommand(cmd):
if _isexecutable(cmd):
return True
path = os.environ.get("PATH")
if not path:
return False
for d in path.split(os.pathsep):
exe = os.path.join(d, cmd)
if _isexecutable(exe):
return True
return False
class BaseBrowser(object):
"""Parent class for all browsers. Do not use directly."""
args = ['%s']
def __init__(self, name=""):
self.name = name
self.basename = name
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
raise NotImplementedError
def open_new(self, url):
return self.open(url, 1)
def open_new_tab(self, url):
return self.open(url, 2)
class GenericBrowser(BaseBrowser):
def __init__(self, name):
if isinstance(name, basestring):
self.name = name
self.args = ["%s"]
else:
self.name = name[0]
self.args = name[1:]
self.basename = os.path.basename(self.name)
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
cmdline = [self.name] + [arg.replace("%s", url)
for arg in self.args]
try:
if sys.platform[:3] == 'win':
p = subprocess.Popen(cmdline)
else:
p = subprocess.Popen(cmdline, close_fds=True)
return not p.wait()
except OSError:
return False
class BackgroundBrowser(GenericBrowser):
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
cmdline = [self.name] + [arg.replace("%s", url)
for arg in self.args]
try:
if sys.platform[:3] == 'win':
p = subprocess.Popen(cmdline)
else:
setsid = getattr(os, 'setsid', None)
if not setsid:
setsid = getattr(os, 'setpgrp', None)
p = subprocess.Popen(cmdline, close_fds=True, preexec_fn=setsid)
return (p.poll() is None)
except OSError:
return False
class UnixBrowser(BaseBrowser):
raise_opts = None
remote_args = ['%action', '%s']
remote_action = None
remote_action_newwin = None
remote_action_newtab = None
background = False
redirect_stdout = True
def _invoke(self, args, remote, autoraise):
raise_opt = []
if remote and self.raise_opts:
# use autoraise argument only for remote invocation
autoraise = int(autoraise)
opt = self.raise_opts[autoraise]
if opt: raise_opt = [opt]
cmdline = [self.name] + raise_opt + args
if remote or self.background:
inout = file(os.devnull, "r+")
else:
inout = None
setsid = getattr(os, 'setsid', None)
if not setsid:
setsid = getattr(os, 'setpgrp', None)
p = subprocess.Popen(cmdline, close_fds=True, stdin=inout,
stdout=(self.redirect_stdout and inout or None),
stderr=inout, preexec_fn=setsid)
if remote:
time.sleep(1)
rc = p.poll()
if rc is None:
time.sleep(4)
rc = p.poll()
if rc is None:
return True
return not rc
elif self.background:
if p.poll() is None:
return True
else:
return False
else:
return not p.wait()
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
if new == 0:
action = self.remote_action
elif new == 1:
action = self.remote_action_newwin
elif new == 2:
if self.remote_action_newtab is None:
action = self.remote_action_newwin
else:
action = self.remote_action_newtab
else:
raise Error("Bad 'new' parameter to open(); " +
"expected 0, 1, or 2, got %s" % new)
args = [arg.replace("%s", url).replace("%action", action)
for arg in self.remote_args]
success = self._invoke(args, True, autoraise)
if not success:
args = [arg.replace("%s", url) for arg in self.args]
return self._invoke(args, False, False)
else:
return True
class Mozilla(UnixBrowser):
raise_opts = ["-noraise", "-raise"]
remote_args = ['-remote', 'openURL(%s%action)']
remote_action = ""
remote_action_newwin = ",new-window"
remote_action_newtab = ",new-tab"
background = True
Netscape = Mozilla
class Galeon(UnixBrowser):
raise_opts = ["-noraise", ""]
remote_args = ['%action', '%s']
remote_action = "-n"
remote_action_newwin = "-w"
background = True
class Chrome(UnixBrowser):
remote_args = ['%action', '%s']
remote_action = ""
remote_action_newwin = "--new-window"
remote_action_newtab = ""
background = True
Chromium = Chrome
class Opera(UnixBrowser):
raise_opts = ["-noraise", ""]
remote_args = ['-remote', 'openURL(%s%action)']
remote_action = ""
remote_action_newwin = ",new-window"
remote_action_newtab = ",new-page"
background = True
class Elinks(UnixBrowser):
remote_args = ['-remote', 'openURL(%s%action)']
remote_action = ""
remote_action_newwin = ",new-window"
remote_action_newtab = ",new-tab"
background = False
redirect_stdout = False
class Konqueror(BaseBrowser):
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
if new == 2:
action = "newTab"
else:
action = "openURL"
devnull = file(os.devnull, "r+")
setsid = getattr(os, 'setsid', None)
if not setsid:
setsid = getattr(os, 'setpgrp', None)
try:
p = subprocess.Popen(["kfmclient", action, url],
close_fds=True, stdin=devnull,
stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
except OSError:
pass
else:
p.wait()
return True
try:
p = subprocess.Popen(["konqueror", "--silent", url],
close_fds=True, stdin=devnull,
stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull,
preexec_fn=setsid)
except OSError:
pass
else:
if p.poll() is None:
return True
try:
p = subprocess.Popen(["kfm", "-d", url],
close_fds=True, stdin=devnull,
stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull,
preexec_fn=setsid)
except OSError:
return False
else:
return (p.poll() is None)
class Grail(BaseBrowser):
def _find_grail_rc(self):
import glob
import pwd
import socket
import tempfile
tempdir = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(),
".grail-unix")
user = pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0]
filename = os.path.join(tempdir, user + "-*")
maybes = glob.glob(filename)
if not maybes:
return None
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
for fn in maybes:
# need to PING each one until we find one that's live
try:
s.connect(fn)
except socket.error:
# no good; attempt to clean it out, but don't fail:
try:
os.unlink(fn)
except IOError:
pass
else:
return s
def _remote(self, action):
s = self._find_grail_rc()
if not s:
return 0
s.send(action)
s.close()
return 1
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
if new:
ok = self._remote("LOADNEW " + url)
else:
ok = self._remote("LOAD " + url)
return ok
def register_X_browsers():
if _iscommand("xdg-open"):
register("xdg-open", None, BackgroundBrowser("xdg-open"))
if "GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" in os.environ and _iscommand("gvfs-open"):
register("gvfs-open", None, BackgroundBrowser("gvfs-open"))
if "GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" in os.environ and _iscommand("gnome-open"):
register("gnome-open", None, BackgroundBrowser("gnome-open"))
if "KDE_FULL_SESSION" in os.environ and _iscommand("kfmclient"):
register("kfmclient", Konqueror, Konqueror("kfmclient"))
if _iscommand("x-www-browser"):
register("x-www-browser", None, BackgroundBrowser("x-www-browser"))
for browser in ("mozilla-firefox", "firefox",
"mozilla-firebird", "firebird",
"iceweasel", "iceape",
"seamonkey", "mozilla", "netscape"):
if _iscommand(browser):
register(browser, None, Mozilla(browser))
if _iscommand("kfm"):
register("kfm", Konqueror, Konqueror("kfm"))
elif _iscommand("konqueror"):
register("konqueror", Konqueror, Konqueror("konqueror"))
for browser in ("galeon", "epiphany"):
if _iscommand(browser):
register(browser, None, Galeon(browser))
if _iscommand("skipstone"):
register("skipstone", None, BackgroundBrowser("skipstone"))
for browser in ("google-chrome", "chrome", "chromium", "chromium-browser"):
if _iscommand(browser):
register(browser, None, Chrome(browser))
if _iscommand("opera"):
register("opera", None, Opera("opera")).
if _iscommand("mosaic"):
register("mosaic", None, BackgroundBrowser("mosaic")
if _iscommand("grail"):
register("grail", Grail, None)
if os.environ.get("DISPLAY"):
register_X_browsers()
if os.environ.get("TERM"):
if _iscommand("www-browser"):
register("www-browser", None, GenericBrowser("www-browser"))
if _iscommand("links"):
register("links", None, GenericBrowser("links"))
if _iscommand("elinks"):
register("elinks", None, Elinks("elinks"))
if _iscommand("lynx"):
register("lynx", None, GenericBrowser("lynx"))
if _iscommand("w3m"):
register("w3m", None, GenericBrowser("w3m"))
if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
class WindowsDefault(BaseBrowser):
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
try:
os.startfile(url)
except WindowsError:
return False
else:
return True
_tryorder = []
_browsers = {}
register("windows-default", WindowsDefault)
iexplore = os.path.join(os.environ.get("PROGRAMFILES", "C:\\Program Files"),
"Internet Explorer\\IEXPLORE.EXE")
for browser in ("firefox", "firebird", "seamonkey", "mozilla",
"netscape", "opera", iexplore):
if _iscommand(browser):
register(browser, None, BackgroundBrowser(browser))
if sys.platform == 'darwin':
class MacOSX(BaseBrowser):
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
assert "'" not in url
if not ':' in url:
url = 'file:'+url
new = int(bool(new))
if self.name == "default":
script = 'open location "%s"' % url.replace('"', '%22')
else:
if self.name == "OmniWeb":
toWindow = ""
else:
toWindow = "toWindow %d" % (new - 1)
cmd = 'OpenURL "%s"' % url.replace('"', '%22')
script = '''tell application "%s"
activate
%s %s
end tell''' % (self.name, cmd, toWindow)
osapipe = os.popen("osascript", "w")
if osapipe is None:
return False
osapipe.write(script)
rc = osapipe.close()
return not rc
class MacOSXOSAScript(BaseBrowser):
def __init__(self, name):
self._name = name
def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=True):
if self._name == 'default':
script = 'open location "%s"' % url.replace('"', '%22')
script = '''
tell application "%s"
activate
open location "%s"
end
'''%(self._name, url.replace('"', '%22'))
osapipe = os.popen("osascript", "w")
if osapipe is None:
return False
osapipe.write(script)
rc = osapipe.close()
return not rc
register("safari", None, MacOSXOSAScript('safari'), -1)
register("firefox", None, MacOSXOSAScript('firefox'), -1)
register("MacOSX", None, MacOSXOSAScript('default'), -1)
if sys.platform[:3] == "os2" and _iscommand("netscape"):
_tryorder = []
_browsers = {}
register("os2netscape", None,
GenericBrowser(["start", "netscape", "%s"]), -1)
if "BROWSER" in os.environ:
_userchoices = os.environ["BROWSER"].split(os.pathsep)
_userchoices.reverse()
for cmdline in _userchoices:
if cmdline != '':
cmd = _synthesize(cmdline, -1)
if cmd[1] is None:
register(cmdline, None, GenericBrowser(cmdline), -1)
cmdline = None
del cmdline
del _userchoices
def main():
import getopt
usage = """Usage: %s [-n | -t] url
-n: open new window
-t: open new tab""" % sys.argv[0]
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'ntd')
except getopt.error, msg:
print >>sys.stderr, msg
print >>sys.stderr, usage
sys.exit(1)
new_win = 0
for o, a in opts:
if o == '-n': new_win = 1
elif o == '-t': new_win = 2
if len(args) != 1:
print >>sys.stderr, usage
sys.exit(1)
url = args[0]
open(url, new_win)
print "\a"
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Can you help me? I mostly know about everything in Python, but still sometimes need quite quaintly a lot of effort.
You can simplify the answer like this:
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open(*website*)
Of course, replace * website * with the site and no need to write the 2.
Then tell me if it works.
And by the way, some online python processor like pythonanywhere do not allow opening all websites.
Instead, they only allow some specific websites.
I'm trying to make an app that uses data from MySQL server. So far I was doing fine, until I stumbled accross a need to update the Labels.
This is what I have so far:
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.scrollview import ScrollView
from kivy.clock import Clock
import MySQLdb
class MainView(ScrollView):
def qchange(self):
query = 'SELECT * FROM `citiestovisit` ORDER BY `idcitiestovisit`'
self.db_data(query)
q = 'SELECT * FROM `citiestovisit` ORDER BY `Name`'
def db_data(self, query=q):
#vector = ListProperty()
vector = []
con = MySQLdb.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="", db="cities")
cur = con.cursor()
cur.execute('SET NAMES `utf8`')
cur.execute(query)
result = cur.fetchall()
for row in result:
string = str(row[0]) + " " + str(row[1]) + " " + str(row[2])
vector.append(string)
print vector
return vector
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
kwargs['cols'] = 2
super(MainView, self).__init__(**kwargs)
GL = GridLayout(cols = 3, spacing=10, size_hint_y=None)
GL.bind(minimum_height=GL.setter('height'))
for row in self.db_data():
splitRow = row.split(" ")
for data in splitRow:
GL.add_widget(Label(text=data,size_hint_y=None, font_size='20sp'))
self.add_widget(GL)
Builder.load_string("""
<MenuScreen>:
BoxLayout:
GridLayout:
cols: 1
Button:
text: 'Goto settings'
on_press:
root.manager.transition.direction = 'left'
root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Quit'
Label:
font_name: 'C:\Anonymous\Anonymous.ttf'
text: "picture here"
<SettingsScreen>:
""")
# Declare both screens
class MenuScreen(Screen):
pass
class SettingsScreen(Screen):
pass
ss = SettingsScreen(name='settings')
layout = BoxLayout(orientation='vertical')
BL = BoxLayout()
layout.add_widget(BL)
#Instance of a MainView class
MV = MainView()
def callback(instance):
sm.transition.direction = 'right'
sm.current = 'menu'
def callback2(instance):
MV.qchange()
btn = Button(text="Back to Menu")
btn.bind(on_press=callback)
btn.size_hint = (1, 0.3)
BL.add_widget(btn)
btn2 = Button(text="Sort by ID")
btn2.size_hint = (1, 0.3)
btn2.bind(on_press=callback2)
BL.add_widget(btn2)
layout.add_widget(MainView())
sublayout = GridLayout(cols=3)
sublayout.add_widget(Label(text="hello"))
sublayout.add_widget(Label(text="World"))
sublayout.add_widget(Label(text="Python"))
layout.add_widget(sublayout)
ss.add_widget(layout)
# Create the screen manager
sm = ScreenManager()
sm.add_widget(MenuScreen(name='menu'))
sm.add_widget(ss)
class MyApp(App):
def build(self):
return sm
if __name__ == '__main__':
MyApp().run()
I'm particularly interested in def qchange(self) mehod as it passes into def db_data(self, query=q) a new query; as a result request is sent to the database and an array of strings is returned. However, this array is not proccessed any further and labels in GL widget are not updated. I think I need to add the clock that would call the __init__ in MainView, but it's only a guess as I've also read about using properties (which I don't know how to use here as well)
I've eddited my code. Now it looks like this:
class MainView(ScrollView):
def qchange(self):
query = 'SELECT * FROM `citiestovisit` ORDER BY `idcitiestovisit`'
#self.db_data(query)
#LG = self.LabelsGrid(self.GL)
q = 'SELECT * FROM `citiestovisit` ORDER BY `Name`'
def db_data(self, query=q):
vector = []
con = MySQLdb.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="", db="cities")
cur = con.cursor()
cur.execute('SET NAMES `utf8`')
cur.execute(query)
result = cur.fetchall()
for row in result:
string = str(row[0]) + " " + str(row[1]) + " " + str(row[2])
vector.append(string)
print vector
return vector
class LabelsGrid(GridLayout):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.cols = 3
self.spacing = 10
self.size_hint_y = None
def show_labels(self, strings):
self.clear_widgets()
for row in strings:
splitRow = row.split(" ")
for data in splitRow:
label = Label(text=data, size_hint_y=None, font_size='20sp')
self.add_widget(label)
GL = LabelsGrid()
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
kwargs['cols'] = 2
super(MainView, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.GL=self.LabelsGrid()
# GL = GridLayout(cols = 3, spacing=10, size_hint_y=None)
self.GL.bind(minimum_height=self.GL.setter('height'))
self.GL.show_labels(self.db_data(self.q))
self.add_widget(self.GL)
#self.GL.clear_widgets()
Builder.load_string("""
<MenuScreen>:
BoxLayout:
GridLayout:
cols: 1
Button:
text: 'Goto settings'
on_press:
root.manager.transition.direction = 'left'
root.manager.current = 'settings'
Button:
text: 'Quit'
Label:
font_name: 'C:\Anonymous\Anonymous.ttf'
text: "picture here"
<SettingsScreen>:
""")
# Declare both screens
class MenuScreen(Screen):
pass
class SettingsScreen(Screen):
pass
ss = SettingsScreen(name='settings')
layout = BoxLayout(orientation='vertical')
BL = BoxLayout()
layout.add_widget(BL)
#Instance of a MainView class
MV = MainView()
def callback(instance):
sm.transition.direction = 'right'
sm.current = 'menu'
def callback2(instance):
MV.qchange()
btn = Button(text="Back to Menu")
btn.bind(on_press=callback)
btn.size_hint = (1, 0.3)
BL.add_widget(btn)
btn2 = Button(text="Sort by ID")
btn2.size_hint = (1, 0.3)
btn2.bind(on_press=callback2)
BL.add_widget(btn2)
layout.add_widget(MainView())
sublayout = GridLayout(cols=3)
sublayout.add_widget(Label(text="hello"))
sublayout.add_widget(Label(text="World"))
sublayout.add_widget(Label(text="Python"))
layout.add_widget(sublayout)
ss.add_widget(layout)
# Create the screen manager
sm = ScreenManager()
sm.add_widget(MenuScreen(name='menu'))
sm.add_widget(ss)
class MyApp(App):
def build(self):
return sm
if __name__ == '__main__':
MyApp().run()
By adding
class LabelsGrid(GridLayout):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.cols = 3
self.spacing = 10
self.size_hint_y = None
def show_labels(self, strings):
self.clear_widgets()
for row in strings:
splitRow = row.split(" ")
for data in splitRow:
label = Label(text=data, size_hint_y=None, font_size='20sp')
self.add_widget(label)
I wanted to add custom GridLayout according to a given piece of advice, however, now I get an error saying:
AttributeError: 'LabelsGrid' object has no attribute '_trigger_layout'
Any ideas on how to handle this?
Create a custom grid layout, let's say LabelsGrid, and in the class implement a method show_labels. Example:
class LabelsGrid(GridLayout):
def show_labels(self, strings):
self.clear_widgets()
for text in strings:
label = Label(text=text)
self.add_widget(label)
This way, each time you call the method with names of labels in a list, it will update itself.
I made a new example which shows much better what I am trying to do. The new example gives the following ouput. Is there a way that the data can go into the respective store key (the {} brackets)?
{
"copy": [
[
[
5.0,
8.0,
9.0
]
],
[
[
4.0,
0.0,
1.0
]
]
],
"name": "dataset1",
"sets": [
{
"store": {},
"type": "vector"
},
{
"store": {},
"type": "vector"
}
]
}
New example
from gi.repository import Gtk
import json
import random
class Vector(object):
def __init__(self, data):
self.store = Gtk.ListStore(float, float, float)
self.store.append([data[0], data[1], data[2]])
self.type = "vector"
def return_data(self):
store_data = []
def iterate_over_data(model, path, itr):
row = model[path]
store_data.append([row[0], row[1], row[2]])
self.store.foreach(iterate_over_data)
return store_data
class DataSet(object):
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.sets = []
def add_vector(self):
data = [random.randint(0,9) for x in range(3)]
self.sets.append(Vector(data))
def to_json(self):
self.copy = []
for s in self.sets:
self.copy.append(s.return_data())
return json.dumps(self, default=lambda o: o.__dict__,
sort_keys=True, indent=4)
obj1 = DataSet("dataset1")
for x in range(2):
obj1.add_vector()
print(obj1.to_json())
Old example
I am currently figuring out how to serialize a Gtk ListStore that is nested in a Gtk TreeStore. I got a small example to work, but am not sure if this approach will scale for programs that have more data attached (For example the layer object could hold a color or a date of creation). Is there maybe another way to to this?
My current approach is to gather the data in list and dictionary form myself and then just create the JSON-dump. I have the feeling that this would be rather difficult to maintain if I need to attach 25 values to each layer-object.
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
import json
import random
class LayerTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self, store):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self, store)
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Name", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class DataTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self, store):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self, store)
self.store = store
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Data", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class MainWindow(Gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="TreeView Serialize")
self.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
self.set_border_width(10)
self.set_default_size(400, 300)
vbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
self.add(vbox)
self.clipboard = Gtk.Clipboard.get(Gdk.SELECTION_CLIPBOARD)
hbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6)
button = Gtk.Button("Cut")
button.connect("clicked", self.on_cut_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_COPY)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_copy_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_PASTE)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_paste_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(hbox)
self.layer_store = Gtk.TreeStore(str, object, object)
self.layer_view = LayerTreeView(self.layer_store)
self.layer_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
self.data_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
self.layer_sw.add(self.layer_view)
treebox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
treebox.pack_start(self.layer_sw, True, True, 0)
treebox.pack_start(self.data_sw, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(treebox)
self.select = self.layer_view.get_selection()
self.select.connect("changed", self.on_selection_changed)
self.add_test_data()
def add_test_data(self):
for x in range(3):
data_store = Gtk.ListStore(str)
data_view = DataTreeView(data_store)
for y in range(5):
data_store.append([str(y+x)])
self.layer_store.append(None, ["Data {}".format(x), data_store, data_view])
def on_selection_changed(self, selection):
"""
When layer is switched load respective data
"""
model, treeiter = selection.get_selected()
if treeiter != None:
data_view = model[treeiter][2]
child = self.data_sw.get_child()
if child != None:
self.data_sw.remove(self.data_sw.get_child())
self.data_sw.add(data_view)
self.show_all()
def on_cut_clicked(self, button):
pass
def on_copy_clicked(self, button):
copy_list = ["safe-to-paste"]
data_dict = {}
for row in self.layer_store:
name = row[0]
data_obj = row[1]
value_list = []
for datarow in data_obj:
value = datarow[0]
value_list.append(value)
data_dict[name] = value_list
copy_list.append(data_dict)
data = json.dumps(copy_list)
self.clipboard.set_text(data, -1)
def on_paste_clicked(self, button):
paste_str = self.clipboard.wait_for_text()
try:
parse = json.loads(paste_str)
json_str = True
except:
json_str = False
if json_str is False:
return
keyword = parse[0]
if keyword != "safe-to-paste":
return
data_dict = parse[1]
for x in data_dict:
data_list = data_dict[x]
data_store = Gtk.ListStore(str)
data_view = DataTreeView(data_store)
for y in data_list:
data_store.append([str(y)])
self.layer_store.append(None, [x, data_store, data_view])
win = MainWindow()
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()
I have an improved version of your code with dict comprehension and #staticmethod that makes the signal callbacks more readable and shorter. Nevertheless, this does not really solve your problem as it still generates the json manually. If the ListStore gets more complex, it would probably be better to let the DataListStore class generate its own json with a corresponding method.
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
import json
class LayerTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self, store):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self, store)
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Name", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class DataTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self)
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Data", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class DataListStore(Gtk.ListStore):
#staticmethod
def from_json(*args, values=[]):
store = DataListStore(*args)
for value in values:
store.append((value,))
return store
class MainWindow(Gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="TreeView Serialize")
self.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
self.set_border_width(10)
self.set_default_size(400, 300)
vbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
self.add(vbox)
self.clipboard = Gtk.Clipboard.get(Gdk.SELECTION_CLIPBOARD)
hbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6)
button = Gtk.Button("Cut")
button.connect("clicked", self.on_cut_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_COPY)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_copy_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_PASTE)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_paste_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(hbox)
self.layer_store = Gtk.TreeStore(str, object)
self.layer_view = LayerTreeView(self.layer_store)
self.data_view = DataTreeView()
layer_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
layer_sw.add(self.layer_view)
data_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
data_sw.add(self.data_view)
treebox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
treebox.pack_start(layer_sw, True, True, 0)
treebox.pack_start(data_sw, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(treebox)
select = self.layer_view.get_selection()
select.connect("changed", self.on_selection_changed)
self.add_test_data()
def add_test_data(self):
for x in range(3):
data_list = [str(y+x) for y in range(5)]
self.layer_store.append(None, ["Data {}".format(x), data_list])
def on_selection_changed(self, selection):
"""
When layer is switched load respective data
"""
model, treeiter = selection.get_selected()
if treeiter != None:
self.data_view.set_model(
DataListStore.from_json(str, values=model[treeiter][1])
)
def on_cut_clicked(self, button):
pass
def on_copy_clicked(self, button):
copy_list = [
'safe-to-paste',
{row[0]: row[1] for row in self.layer_store},
]
data = json.dumps(copy_list)
self.clipboard.set_text(data, -1)
def on_paste_clicked(self, button):
paste_str = self.clipboard.wait_for_text()
try:
parse = json.loads(paste_str)
except:
return
if parse[0] != "safe-to-paste":
return
data_dict = parse[1]
for x in data_dict:
self.layer_store.append(None, [x, data_dict[x]])
win = MainWindow()
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()