I deployed a contract of a token that has up to nine other files imported to the finance blockchain. I have done everything I can read and try in order to verify it. But it keeps giving me error.
Compiler debug log:
Error! Unable to generate Contract ByteCode and ABI
Found the following ContractName(s) in source code : Address, Context, IERC20, IUniswapV2Factory, IUniswapV2Pair, IUniswapV2Router01, IUniswapV2Router02, Ownable, RentCoin, SafeMath
But we were unable to locate a matching bytecode (err_code_2)
For troubleshooting, you can try compiling your source code with the Remix - Solidity IDE and check for exceptions
My contract was compiled and deployed using Remix and optimization was set to 200. My compiler version is 0.6.12 and the link to the flattened contract is below:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/100J73q4hutqqmT1tZEuMn46YYFmzYaT0/view?usp=sharing
I understand that this contract involves constructors but I really need a practical guide on how to locate them and convert them to the right-abi-encoded JSON format that the verification page may accept.
Related
I'm currently building a ERC721 compliant contract and have published the contract here: https://ropsten.etherscan.io/address/0xa513bc0a0d3af384fefcd8bbc1cc0c9763307c39 - I'm now attempting to verify and publish the contract source code
The start of my file looks like so:
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// We will be using Solidity version 0.8.4
pragma solidity 0.8.4;
import "#openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
contract ViperToken is ERC721 {
However, when attempting to verify and publish with a Solidity single file I have the following error appear:
ParserError: Source "#openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol" not found: File import callback not supported
--> myc:6:1:
|
6 | import "#openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol"
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Can anyone point me in the direction to either 1. Solve this problem or 2. Documentation on how to appropriately write a contract that has dependencies imported that can be verified with Etherscan. Right now this is just a single file contract.
Simply put I had to go down a rabbit hole to work this out as I'm pretty new to Solidity.
I had to do the following;
Learn and use https://www.trufflesuite.com/ to setup a project and put my contract there (Using Ganache helped a lot with testing for anyone new to Solidity too)
Use HD Wallet provider package and follow tutorial here to get it on ropsten Etherscan https://medium.com/coinmonks/5-minute-guide-to-deploying-smart-contracts-with-truffle-and-ropsten-b3e30d5ee1e
Finally, use truffle-plugin-verify https://github.com/rkalis/truffle-plugin-verify to verify the contract on Etherscan
All in all, I am pretty sure there is no way within the Etherscan web app to verify a contract that contains an imported file.
The final product is here if anyone is interested in seeing how I structured it all https://github.com/lukecurtis93/viper-nft (it's just a CryptoKitties clone I found online as a base and updated it all)
If you are compiling into REMIX IDE
From REMIX IDE
Search for "Flattener" pluging
RIght click the file -> Flatten yourcontract.sol
Copy/Paste on Etherscan
I used npx hardhat flatten to compile all the code into one page, then copy and paste the code into Etherscan's single file verification. I think it is fine if you are just learning to get a feel for verifying your smart contract in Etherscan. But when it comes to production level code, I think OP's solution is better.
npx hardhat flatten gives license identifiers error when trying to verify in etherscan.
Solution is to add the below in hardhat.config.js
task("flat", "Flattens and prints contracts and their dependencies (Resolves licenses)")
.addOptionalVariadicPositionalParam("files", "The files to flatten", undefined, types.inputFile)
.setAction(async ({ files }, hre) => {
let flattened = await hre.run("flatten:get-flattened-sources", { files });
// Remove every line started with "// SPDX-License-Identifier:"
flattened = flattened.replace(/SPDX-License-Identifier:/gm, "License-Identifier:");
flattened = `// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIXED\n\n${flattened}`;
// Remove every line started with "pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;" except the first one
flattened = flattened.replace(/pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;\n/gm, ((i) => (m) => (!i++ ? m : ""))(0));
console.log(flattened);
});
An then run npx hardhat flat contracts/ContractToFlatten.sol > Flattened.sol
As the title says I cannot verify my smart contract on Etherscan. I read all the solutions from similar threads with no luck. I'm getting the following error :
Error! Unable to generate Contract ByteCode and ABI
Found the following ContractName(s) in source code : AtariToken, ERC20Interface, SafeMath
But we were unable to locate a matching bytecode (err_code_2)
Compiler Version: v0.6.8+commit.0bbfe453
Optimization Enabled: True
Runs: 200
ByteCode (what we are looking for):
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- vs what we got -
We tried looking for a match from the list of compiled contract bytecode outputs (as listed below), but was unable to find an exact match.
1) AtariToken
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2) SafeMath
60566023600b82828239805160001a607314601657fe5b30600052607381538281f3fe73000000000000000000000000000000000000000030146080604052600080fdfe{ipfs}64736f6c634300060800330000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Here's a link to my smart contract:
https://ropsten.etherscan.io/address/0x1a0699201b5549328c5eb5332fc07dbc888df60b#code
Some solutions suggested a problem with the ABI in case you use constructor arguments. On my last contract I had constructor arguments, and tried the solution without any results. But for this contract I didn't specify any value for my constructor argument, so my ABI has a value of0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, and hardcoded the totalSupply value in my code, however I'm still getting the same error.
I am testing with rinkiby in ethereum geth environment (using light node.). By building the contract with solidity, the contract has been deployed correctly. If I try to access a function in that instance, I got a "match" error. I don't use "match" anywhere in the program source code, but I don't know which part is the problem. Can I analyze more solidity code?
Upgrade your web3 version.
reference.
In order to deploy a smart contract to the network we need three the following information:
From the web3js spec:
// deploy new contract
var contractInstance = MyContract.new([constructorParam1] [, constructorParam2], {data: '0x12345...', from: myAccount, gas: 1000000});
Correct me if I am wrong:
constructorParams - all the data that is passed to the smart contract constructor,
from - determines the address this contract is deployed from
gas - gas limit on how much this transaction can consume
What is data, is it sort of a compiled solidity code of the contract, if so why then do we need it if we have already specified ABI of this contract?
How do I get this data parameter? I also get an error in my console when I try to deploy the contract to the network without specifying data parameter:
Error: "invalid argument 0: json: cannot unmarshal hex string without 0x prefix into Go struct field SendTxArgs.data of type hexutil.Bytes"
Yes, data is the compiled byte code for your smart contract.
The ABI doesn't have the code for running the contract; it just describes the interface (what functions exist with what parameters).
You get the bytecode from the compiler. Without knowing what tool you're using, it's hard to be more specific.
const data = contract.methods.contractFunction(contractArgument).encodeABI()
This will encode a function of the contract into byte code, which can then be passed into the data parameter.
contractFunction(contractArgument)
will be different for you and the function you are wanting to call.
Trying to follow the wiki example for go ethereum to create a basic contract:
https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/Contracts-and-Transactions
Everything seems to work until I get down until the last line:
source = "contract test { function multiply(uint a) returns(uint d) { return a * 7; } }"
contract = eth.compile.solidity(source).test
primaryAddress = eth.accounts[0]
# **Problems start here **
MyContract = eth.contract(abi);
contact = MyContract.new(arg1, arg2, ...,{from: primaryAddress, data: evmCode})
What is the "abi" argument for the eth.contract method? Also, what would I put in the "evmCode" argument? In this particular example, seems like I would put in an integer for "arg1" but not sure what the full example should look like.
The ABI is the interface that your contract exposes. "evmCode" is the Ethereum byte code for your contract.
To work around your problem, go to https://chriseth.github.io/browser-solidity/ and plug your Solidity in. The Bytecode field on the right will give you the value for "evmCode" and Interface will give you the ABI.
You can also copy the snippet from "Web3 deploy" and paste it in your code to deploy your contract.
ABI is basically which is the public facing interface that shows what methods are available to call.
The simplest way to get the abi would be to use https://remix.ethereum.org . just paste in your code and in Contract tab At the bottom of the column you’ll find a link that says Contract details which is basically the ABI json
Conversely you could also use the contracts.Introduction.interface api of web3 to get the abi.
ABI is representation of smart contract that can be read using java script .To read the data from a deployed contract account in etherum , you'll need some extra details like abi.
Steps to get abi of any smart contract:
1.Each contract has contract hash address like this:0x0D8775F648430679A709E98d2b0Cb6250d2887EF
2.Go to etherscan.io and search your contract address hash in search bar and you will get contract.
3.In contract go to code and there you can find this abi
can check this link to find abi
You could try using tools like Etherlime shape or Truffle boxes to have a whole sample project with contract, tests, and usage into the js. From here you could start moving forward.
ABI is Application Binary Interface. A contract when compiled by solidity compiler returns an object with different methods. ABI and Bytecode are basically used methods. ABI is used to interact with your contracts and frontend (if using node) and bytecode is used for deploying to Rinkeby (or any Ethereum network).
For example:
Contract is:
pragma solidity ^0.4.17;
contract Inbox
{
string public message;
function Inbox(string initialMessage) public{
message = initialMessage;
}
function setMessage(string newMessage) public{
message = newMessage;
}
}
Its ABI is:
interface:
[{
"constant":false,"inputs":[{
"name":"newMessage","type":"string"
}]
,"name":"setMessage","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"
}
,{
"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"message","outputs":[{
"name":"","type":"string"
}]
,"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"
}
,{
"inputs":[{
"name":"initialMessage","type":"string"
}]
,"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"
}]
This is returned after compiling the contract. You can see it consists of methods used in our contract.