Meaning of gnu in gnu octave? [closed] - octave

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I have confusion regarding gnu octave, please clear
What is abbreviation of gnu? Google search returns "GNUs not unix" but i can't understand meaning of that, please elaborate

Octave is part of the GNU project (see also wikipedia's page on the GNU project) which has a collection of many software packages The GNU project has many many projects and they are often named GNU something. For example, GNU Emacs is another very common GNU package.
It is common to drop the GNU part of the name but it's technically correct to include them in most cases. Personally, in less formal contexts or when I need to refer to it many times, I just refer to Octave as Octave, otherwise I use GNU Octave.
Regarding the meaning of "GNU" itself:
"GNU" means "GNU is Not Unix".
"GNU" in "GNU is Not Unix" means "GNU is Not Unix".
"GNU" in "GNU is Not Unix is Not Unix".
"GNU" in "GNU is Not Unix is Not Unix is Not Unix".
This is called a recursive acronym. It is a joke that refers to GNU being similar to UNIX but not being UNIX.

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Dynamic Function Analysis [closed]

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I found this program that appears to assist with locating when a function is called in a program. It seems quite handy and I am wondering if there is more out there like it.
http://split-code.com/cda.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0UXR861WYM
What exactly would this program be classified as? Are there other programs similar? Is this widely used and I'm just a fool?
As the link you provided states, this tool is a
dynamic code analysis process instrumentation tool
Dynamic It is used to inspect programs at runtime.
Code analysis It provides information about the code executing (?)
Process It analysis code running in a process (specifically, a 32-bit x86 process under Windows)
Instrumentation This tool uses debugging techniques to allow automatic tracing (into every inter-modular function call) and profiling. It also allows for PIN like (although probably not as neatly implemented) callbacks.
I must mention that the author using analysis is somewhat inaccurate. The software (as far as I understand it) does not analyses code, it only provides inter-modular and intra-modular calls information from runtime. IDA, on the other hand, is a real analysis tool, because it provides information like x-refs and string view, which can only be given via in depth analysis.
There is no 'short name' for this specific type of program. This program will be classified as some sort of Instrumentational software, .

Open source license usage analysis [closed]

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Legal department in my company wants a list of copyrights and licenses for all header files we use. They need this to verify we are using the right license and don't infringe any copyright.
So far I wrote a few simple bash lines to build everything with gcc -E, parse the output, locate the header files and grep the output for "copyright" and "license". This is very crude and error prone.
I am looking for an existing tool to do all of this, or at least parts:
Trace existing builds (like strace) and generate used headers instead of modifying the build system
Extract copyright holder and years from header files
Determine license per header file
Not looking for any legal advice here. Just looking for tools to help me easily analyze the code for our legal department.
You could contact folks like BlackDuck that essentially offer this analysis, by comparing your code base against a large set of open source code bases, whose licenses are already known. Any matches then yield the license for the matched code. They do this to answer precisely the question your lawyers are asking.
I have not used their product, nor have any association with them.

Open source projects written in a functional programming language [closed]

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Are there any open source projects out there that are written in a functional programming language and that people can contribute on? I am trying to increase my area of expertise to a functional programming language and I think contributing to a project might be the way to go. Maybe some OCaml or Lisp projects?
MLdonkey is written in OCaml.
Of course various libraries for functional languages are also generally written in the respective language. So you can find a lot of projects on the language's "library hub". For example for haskell there's hackage, which is full of open source haskell projects.
SourceForge's projects written on:
OCaml (187)
Lisp (436)
Common Lisp (111)
Erlang (110)
http://github.com/languages/OCaml
http://github.com/languages/Common%20Lisp
http://github.com/languages/Erlang
A few of the popular NoSQL databases are written in Erlang (if you consider that to be a functional language, that is), including CouchDB and Riak. Both are open-source, and both still under active development.
Most of EMACS is written in elisp.
Ejabberd written by Erlang seems to be a chat server that is mature and active.(as #skaffman said, if you consider Erlang as a functional programming language).

Most accurate open-source OCR for handwritten numbers? [closed]

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My software needs to read a fixed-length handwritten number.
While I could use a general-purpose library like Tesseract, I am sure there is something smarter. Tesseract will probably misinterpret some of the 1 or 7 as I or l, whereas a software that expects only numbers would not.
Knowing that there are only numbers (American-English way of writing them), the algorithm could focus on 10 potential matches instead of hundreds of symbols.
Any experience OCRing handwritten number-only fields?
What open source library/software did you get the best results with?
From the FAQ of Tesseract:
How do I recognize only digits?
In 2.03 and above:
Use
TessBaseAPI::SetVariable("tessedit_char_whitelist", "0123456789");
before calling an Init function or put this in a text file called tessdata/configs/digits:
tessedit_char_whitelist 0123456789
and then your command line becomes:
tesseract image.tif outputbase nobatch digits
Warning: Until the old and new config variables get merged, you must have the nobatch parameter too.
But I think since it was designed for printed—not handwritten—text, accuracy might suffer even for digits only.

Scan Source Code for Licenses Used [closed]

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I remember encountering a commercial software that scanned a project's source code and provided a list of all the different software licenses it used. That is, it would find all the third party code used in a project and give their licenses (Apache, GPL, ...).
Can anyone provide a link to such a program?
Found the one I remembered:
http://www.blackducksoftware.com/protex - Protex by Black Duck.
The key term to use in google, as I learned the hard way, is "Software Compliance Management".
FOSSology is a GPL-licensed tool for analyzing OS licensing. It's main capability is to do pattern matching against uploaded source code and find matching licenses.
I know about a Ruby library called Ohcount.