I have just started with Swift so please excuse if this is just a stupid question. I am working on my first App which should load a JSON from the web, parses and displays its content to a LazyVGrid. I have started with the apple tutorial which uses a local JSON and everything worked fine.
Now I have changed to the original nested JSON and URL and I can see the output on the console, but I simply do not know how to use it in my LazyVGrid now. I did a lot of research but all good tutorials end with the successful parsing. I ended up with:
func fetchData()
{
let url = URL(string: "https://myjsonurl")!
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) {(json, response, error) in
guard let json = json else {
return
}
let welcome = try! JSONDecoder().decode(Welcome.self, from: json)
print(welcome)
print(welcome.data.data.results[0].title)
}.resume()
}
So as mentioned print() gives me the whole JSON or even specific values like the title. But how can I loop this to my LazyVGrid now?(Xcode is complaining that can not reach it or it is not identifiable because ID is only all the way down in the nested array structure...)
Do I have to create a new array first because the welcome thing is not available outside the fetchData() function? How should it look like to keep the whole JSON structure? I guess all of my experiments have been far too complicated.
I would highly appreciate if someone could give me a hint or an example.
Just in case you need the structure:
// MARK: - Welcome
struct Welcome: Codable {
var data: WelcomeData
}
// MARK: - WelcomeData
struct WelcomeData: Codable {
var success: Bool
var data: DataData
}
// MARK: - DataData
struct DataData: Codable {
var results: [Result]
}
// MARK: - Result
struct Result: Codable {
var id, title, alias, introtext: String
var fulltext, publishUp: String
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case id, title, alias, introtext, fulltext
case publishUp = "publish_up"
}
}
Related
I'm making an Xcode project involving an API call. When I make the call and try to access a certain part of the JSON file I can't seem to get it to work. When I try to print the data I fetch it just prints a blank row. I'm guessing I've done something wrong when I'm trying to accessing the data and pass it onto the travelTimevariable. You can find the JSON data by following the URL string in the code below.
I also get this message in my Xcode console and I don't know why and if it's related to the problem.
nw_protocol_get_quic_image_block_invoke dlopen libquic failed
I'm a beginner at Swift so I've been following tutorials online, but I can't find what I have done wrong in my code.
import SwiftUI
struct ContentView: View {
#State var travelTime = String()
var body: some View {
Text("Time:\(travelTime)")
Button("FetchAPI"){FetchAPI()}
}
func FetchAPI() {
let url = URL(string: "http://api.sl.se/api2/TravelplannerV3_1/trip.xml?key=40892db48b394d3a86b2439f9f3800fd&originExtId=300101416&destExtId=300101426&Date=2021-04-15&Time=08:00&searchForArrival=1")
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url!) {data, response, error in
if let data = data {
if let decodedJson = try? JSONDecoder().decode(JSONStructure.self, from: data) {
self.travelTime = decodedJson.Trip[0].LegList.Leg[0].Origin.time
}
}
}.resume()
print(self.travelTime)
}
}
struct JSONStructure: Decodable {
let Trip: [TripStructure]
}
struct TripStructure: Decodable {
let LegList: LegListStructure
}
struct LegListStructure: Decodable {
let Leg: [LegStructure]
}
struct LegStructure: Decodable {
let Origin: OriginStructure
}
struct OriginStructure: Decodable {
let time: String
}
this is relatively new to me and I've searched high and low but have been unsuccessful in finding a similar scenario.
I have retrieved some JSON Data from an API URL and have successfully decoded and output various values from this data as strings by parsing the data to a separate sheet and using structs and constants with the 'Decodable' value set. The problem I have is that one of the containers in the Json data is a hyphenated date in this format dates['2020-11-04'] so swift will not let me create a struct with this name (also this looks like an array but there are no square brackets when viewing the unformatted JSON data in a web browser).
Here is the full path to the date I want to output as a string and the URL being used (copied from a web browser using JSON Viewer Pro):
dates['2020-11-04'].countries.Afghanistan.date
https://api.covid19tracking.narrativa.com/api/2020-11-04
Here is the sheet containing my Structs and constants to decode the data:
import Foundation
//I understand the below name will not work but i've included it to show my presumed process
struct CovidData: Decodable {
let dates: dates[2020-11-04]
}
//Once again the below struct name does not work but i've included it as an example of my presumed process.
struct dates[2020-11-04]: Decodable {
let countries: countries
}
struct countries: Decodable {
let Afghanistan: Afghanistan
}
struct Afghanistan: Decodable {
let date: String
}
Here is my management sheet with my API call and JSON Parse:
import Foundation
protocol CovidDataManagerDelegate {
func didUpdateCovidData(_ covidDataManager: CovidDataManager, covid: CovidModel)
}
struct CovidDataManager {
var delegate: CovidDataManagerDelegate?
let covidURL = "https://api.covid19tracking.narrativa.com/api/2020-11-04"
func getData() {
let urlString = covidURL
performRequest(with:urlString)
}
func performRequest(with urlString: String){
if let url = URL(string: urlString){
let session = URLSession(configuration: .default)
let task = session.dataTask(with: url) { (data, response, error) in
if error != nil {
print("Error")
return
}
if let safeData = data {
if let covid = parseJSON(safeData){
self.delegate?.didUpdateCovidData(self, covid: covid)
}
}
}
task.resume()
}
func parseJSON(_ covidData: Data) -> CovidModel? {
let decoder = JSONDecoder()
do {
let decodedData = try decoder.decode(CovidData.self, from: covidData)
let date = decodedData.dates['2020-11-04'].countries.Afghanistan.date
let covid = CovidModel(date: date)
print(date)
return covid
} catch {
print("Error with JSON Parse")
return nil
}
}
}
}
I have not included my UI update sheet as mentioned before the call and decode is working perfectly fine when decoding data with a JSON path made up entirely of strings it is only this container with additional symbols and numbers I am stumped with.
Hopefully I've supplied enough information and apologies if some of the terminology isn't accurate, this is still quite new to me.
Thanks!
I'm trying to fetch data from a public API. However, all the data I need is accessible only by calling multiple URLs.
However, each JSON provided have a station_id and I'm trying to combine the data based on this value.
I am not sure which strategy I should use to "merge" the results (see code below)
I tried calling both URL at the same time.
Also tried to add the data from the second URL after calling the first URL.
first URL (https://api-core.bixi.com/gbfs/es/station_information.json)
{"last_updated":1565466677,
"ttl":10,
"data":
{"stations":
[
{"station_id":"25",
"external_id":"0b100854-08f3-11e7-a1cb-3863bb33a4e4",
"name":"de la Commune / Place Jacques-Cartier",
"short_name":"6026",
"lat":45.50761009451047,
"lon":-73.55183601379395,
"capacity":89,}]
// ...
Second URL (https://api-core.bixi.com/gbfs/en/station_status.json)
{"last_updated":1565466677,
"ttl":10,
"data":
{"stations":
[
{"station_id":"25",
"num_bikes_available": 39,
"num_docks_available":50,}]
// ...
Excepted Result (This is the structure I am looking for, not the final code)
{"last_updated":1565466677,
"ttl":10,
"data":
{"stations":
[
{"station_id":"25",
"external_id":"0b100854-08f3-11e7-a1cb-3863bb33a4e4",
"name":"de la Commune / Place Jacques-Cartier",
"short_name":"6026",
"lat":45.50761009451047,
"lon":-73.55183601379395,
"capacity":89,
"num_bikes_available": 39,
"num_docks_available":50}]
//...
Structure I tried to pass the data in
struct BixiApiDataModel: Codable {
let last_updated: Int
let ttl: Int
let data: Stations
}
struct Stations: Codable {
let stations: [Station]
}
struct Station: Codable {
let station_id: String
let num_bikes_available: Int
let num_docks_available: Int
let external_id: String
let name: String
let short_name: String
let lat: Float
let lon: Float
let capacity: Int
}
Calling the URL
class Webservice {
func loadBixiApiDataModel(url: URL, completion: #escaping ([Station]?) -> ()) {
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) { data, response, error in
guard let data = data, error == nil else {
completion(nil)
return
}
let response = try? JSONDecoder().decode(BixiApiDataModel.self, from: data)
if let response = response {
DispatchQueue.main.async {
completion(response.data.stations)
}
}
}.resume()
}
}
I'm trying to display the combined information of a station. I assume the data I fetch after calling the first URL isn't stored when I call the second URL.
Should I call both APIs separately, store the data and then combine everything using the station_id value?
Or is it possible to call each APIs and append the data from the second URL based on the station_id?
Thanks in advance for your help.
I would do it like this
Handle each download separately
Keep the resulting data in separate structs
Merge them into a third struct and then use that third struct internally in the app
Handle each download separately
Download the station information first and store it in a dictionary with station_id as key and then download station status and use the same id to match the downloaded elements
Keep the resulting data in separate structs
Since the content of the downloaded data is quite different between the to API calls I would use two different structs for them, StationInformation and StationStatus. Looking at the type of data you might actually want to download status more often than information which seems to be more static so that is another reason to keep them separate.
Merge them into a third struct...
I would create a third struct that contains information from the two other structs, either as just two properties (shown below) or with properties that are extracted from the others
Here is an example of how the third struct could be implemented
struct Station {
let information: StationInformation
var status: StationStatus?
init(information: StationInformation) {
self.information = information
}
var id: String {
return information.stationId
}
mutating func merge(status: StationStatus) {
guard self.id == status.stationId else { return }
self.status = status
}
}
The download function could be modified to be generic to simplify the code. First the structs need to be modified
struct BixiApiDataModel<T: Decodable>: Decodable {
let data: Stations<T>
}
struct Stations<T: Decodable>: Decodable {
let stations: [T]
}
struct StationInformation: Codable {
let stationId: String
let externalId: String
//... rest of properties
}
struct StationStatus: Codable {
let stationId: String
let numBikesAvailable: Int
let numDocksAvailable: Int
}
then the function signature needs to be changed to
func loadBixiApiDataModel<T: Decodable>(url: URL, completion: #escaping ([T]?) -> ()) {
and the decoding needs to be changed (notice the improved error handling, never use try?)
let decoder = JSONDecoder()
decoder.keyDecodingStrategy = .convertFromSnakeCase
do {
let response = try decoder.decode(BixiApiDataModel<T>.self, from: data)
completion(response.data.stations)
} catch {
print(error)
}
And a simplified example of calling the function (but without any merging)
var informationArray: [StationInformation] = []
var statusArray: [StationStatus] = []
if let url = URL(string: "https://api-core.bixi.com/gbfs/es/station_information.json") {
loadBixiApiDataModel(url: url, completion: {(arr: [StationInformation]?) in
if let arr = arr { informationArray = arr }
print(informationArray.count)
})
} else { print("Not a valid url")}
if let url = URL(string: "https://api-core.bixi.com/gbfs/en/station_status.json") {
loadBixiApiDataModel(url: url, completion: {(arr: [StationStatus]?) in
if let arr = arr { statusArray = arr }
print(statusArray.count)
})
} else { print("Not a valid url")}
I've been trying to parse a part of this JSON file: https://opendata.brussels.be/api/records/1.0/search/?dataset=traffic-volume&rows=3&facet=level_of_service
I wanna get records->fields->geo_shape->coordinates but I can't seem to print these arrays inside of the "coordinates" array.. I thought it might be because the arrays inside of the coordinates do not have names, so I don't know how to make a variable for them. Got this code currently:
import UIKit
import Foundation
struct Geoshape : Codable {
let coordinates: Array<...>
}
struct Field : Codable {
let geo_shape: Geoshape
let level_of_service: String
}
struct Record: Codable {
let fields: Field
}
struct Traffic: Codable{
let records: Array<Record>
}
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
#IBAction func clickRefresh(_ sender: Any) {
guard let url = URL(string: "https://opendata.brussels.be/api/records/1.0/search/?dataset=traffic-volume&rows=3&facet=level_of_service") else { return }
let session = URLSession.shared
let task = session.dataTask(with: url){ (data, response, error) in
if let response = response {
print(response)
}
if let data = data {
let traffic = try? JSONDecoder().decode(Traffic.self, from: data)
print(traffic)
}
}
task.resume()
}
}
Clearly the Array<...> needs to be changed but I don't know to what. I've tried making an extra struct with just 1 variable (which is another array of the type Double: Double) but that does not seem to work. I was able to print everything just fine up to the point I tried to go into the coordinates array.
Anyone can help me?
Replace
let coordinates: Array<...>
with
let coordinates:[[Double]]
First of all your file in Resource contains a JSON which contains an array or Collection (typically in Swift).
One important thing: If you fail to decode an object in json you get null from all stored properties.
fail occurs when your Coding Keys does not match keys in json or type you are casting is diffrent.
In your code you fail to cast coordinates to its type. coordinates is a collection of collections of Double.
var coordinates: [[Double]]
If you want to fetch data into your models, you should conforms them to Decodable protocol which means that,JSON attributes can decode itself.
Based on Apple developer documentation:
Decodable is a type that can decode itself from an external representation.
also Codable protocol refers to Decodable and Encodable protocols. but current purpose is Decoding data.
typealias Codable = Decodable & Encodable
Your code should look like:
Swift 5
Prepared for Playground, paste this into your playground
import Foundation
struct GeoShape: Decodable {
var coordinates: [[Double]]
}
struct Field: Decodable {
var geo_shape: GeoShape
}
struct Record: Decodable {
var fields: Field
}
struct Traffic: Decodable {
var records: [Record]
}
guard let url = URL.init(string: "https://opendata.brussels.be/api/records/1.0/search/?dataset=traffic-volume&rows=3&facet=level_of_service")
else {fatalError()}
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url){ (data, response, error) in
if let data = data {
let traffic = try? JSONDecoder().decode(Traffic.self, from: data)
print("First coordinate is: ",traffic?.records.first?.fields.geo_shape.coordinates.first)
}
}.resume()
In order to parse the JSON, I needed to use 3 structs.
struct AppleApi: Decodable {
let feed: Feed
}
struct Feed: Decodable {
let results: [Result]
}
struct Result: Decodable {
let artistName: String
let artWorkUrl: String
enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
case artistName = "artistName"
case artWorkUrl = "artworkUrl100"
}
}
But when I try to populate the array with that parsed data I got that message:
Cannot convert value of type '[Result]' to expected argument type
'AppleApi'
This is my error message:
do {
let appData = try JSONDecoder().decode(AppleApi.self, from: jsonData)
print(appData.feed.results.count)
var dataApp = appData.feed.results
print(appData)
DispatchQueue.main.async {
self.feedReseult.append(dataApp)
self.myCollectionView.reloadData()
}
} catch let err {
print("Error",err)
}
And this is my array:
var feedReseult = [AppleApi]()
I probably need to reach to 3. struct to reach the array inside JSON in order to have same type of argument type. How can I do that?
Your declaration of feedReseult should be this,
var feedReseult = [Result]()
and append the dataApp as below,
DispatchQueue.main.async {
self.feedReseult.append(contentsOf: dataApp)
self.myCollectionView.reloadData()
}
Also i feel a typo, feedResult instead of feedReseult
It looks like your struct from Json is not put together correct, you should just need one struct per one JSON load. Could you give JSON sample please?
If you want to Decode Feed which is part of AppleAPI then you should create an object that is of type AppleApi.Feed and put results into that.
Hope this helps a little