I know this looks simple.
In a Google spreadsheet, I have a column where I enter time in one timezone (GMT)
And another column should automatically get time in another time zone(Pacific Time)
GMT | PT
----------|------------
5:00 AM | 9:00 PM
As of now I am using
=$C$3-time(8,0,0)
The problem here is, I want to change the time formula for Daylight savings.
Is there any function or script available which can take the daylight saving into calculation automatically.
Short answer
There is no built-in function but you could build a custom function.
Example
/**
* Converts a datetime string to a datetime string in a targe timezone.
*
*#param {"October 29, 2016 1:00 PM CDT"} datetimeString Date, time and timezone.
*#param {"Timezone"} timeZone Target timezone
*#param {"YYYY-MM-dd hh:mm a z"} Datetime format
*#customfunction
*/
function formatDate(datetimeString,timeZone,format) {
var moment = new Date(datetimeString);
if(moment instanceof Date && !isNaN(moment)){
return Utilities.formatDate(moment, timeZone, format)
} else {
throw 'datetimeString can not be parsed as a JavaScript Date object'
}
}
NOTE:
new Date(string) / Date.parse(string) implementation in Google Apps Script doesn't support some timezones abbreviations.
From https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-date-time-string-format
There exists no international standard that specifies abbreviations for civil time zones like CET, EST, etc. and sometimes the same abbreviation is even used for two very different time zones.
Related
Get UTC offset from timezone abbreviations
Explanation
In order to consider daylight saving time zones the input argument for of the value to be converted should include the date, no only the time of the day. You could set a default date and time zone to build the datetimeString by concatenating it before calling the formula.
=formatDate("October 29, 2016 "&A2&" GMT","PDT","hh:mm a")
For the target timezone besides the three letter abbreviation we could use TZ database names like America/Los_Angeles, example:
=formatDate("October 29, 2016 "&A2&" GMT","America/Los_Angeles","HH:mm")
If timezone abbreviation and TZ name fails for the datetimeString use time offsets (i.e. UTC-4).
See also
Calculating year, month, days between dates in google apps script
References
https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date
This tutorial was amazingly helpful: https://davidkeen.com/blog/2017/01/time-zone-conversion-in-google-sheets/
Google Sheets does not have a built in way of converting time zone data but by using the power of Moment.js and Google’s script editor we can add time zone functionality to any sheet.
These are the files I copied into my script project:
https://momentjs.com/downloads/moment-with-locales.js saved as moment.js
https://momentjs.com/downloads/moment-timezone-with-data.js saved as moment-timezone.js
Make sure you add the moment.js script first and have it above the moment-timezone.js script because moment-timezone.js depends on it.
Then in your other script project, your Code.gs file can look like this:
var DT_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss';
/**
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34946815/timezone-conversion-in-a-google-spreadsheet/40324587
*/
function toUtc(dateTime, timeZone) {
var from = m.moment.tz(dateTime, DT_FORMAT, timeZone);//https://momentjs.com/timezone/docs/#/using-timezones/parsing-in-zone/
return from.utc().format(DT_FORMAT);
}
/**
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34946815/timezone-conversion-in-a-google-spreadsheet/40324587
*/
function fromUtc(dateTime, timeZone) {
var from = m.moment.utc(dateTime, DT_FORMAT);//https://momentjs.com/timezone/docs/#/using-timezones/parsing-in-zone/
return from.tz(timeZone).format(DT_FORMAT);
}
The easiest method is using a simple calculation.
Use =NOW() command in sheets and subtract it with the time difference divided by 24.
Example:
IST to Colombia
=NOW()-(10.5/24)
The time difference from India to Colombia is 10hours and 50min, we need to subtract it from the "Now" time and divide it by 24.
If the time zone is ahead of your place, then you need to add it.
Example:
IST to JAPAN:
=NOW()+(3.5/24)
=Now is set to US time by default, you can change it under general in settings.
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I had the same problem (convert Manila Time to Sydney Time and automatically adjust for daylight saving time) when I found this page.
I didn't want to have a custom function but I found that, in Sydney, AEST (Australian Eastern Standard Time) starts on the first Sunday of April and AEDT (Australian Eastern Daylight Time) starts on the first Sunday of October.
So I thought, if I could find a formula that detects whether a date falls between the first Sunday of April and first Sunday of October (Standard Time) then I can automatically add 1 hour to the usual 2 hours to Manila time during Daylight Saving Time (dates falling outside the two dates) to have Sydney Time.
These two Excel solutions worked fine in Google Sheets:
How You Can Determine the First Sunday in a Month in Excel
How to determine if a date falls between two dates or on weekend in Excel
First Sunday of April this year (A1):
=CONCATENATE("4/1/",Year(today()))+CHOOSE(WEEKDAY(CONCATENATE("4/1/",Year(today())),1),7,6,5,4,3,2,1)
First Sunday of October this year (A2):
=CONCATENATE("10/1/",year(today()))+CHOOSE(WEEKDAY(CONCATENATE("10/1/",year(today())),1),7,6,5,4,3,2,1)
DST detector (A3) — if a date falls outside these two dates, it's DST in Sydney:
=IF(AND(today()>A1,today()<A2),"AEST","AEDT")
Time in Sydney (A4):
=NOW()+TIME(IF(A3="AEDT",3,2),0,0)
NOW() can be changed to any time format for tabulation:
I'm a new contributor and a novice, but I stumbled upon a function that had not been mentioned despite many hours of searching on the Sheets/Time Zone issue. Hoping this relatively simple solution will help.
For my sheet, I just want to add a row and automatically populate the local sheet date and time in the first two cells.
The .getTimezoneOffset() returns the difference in minutes between the client TZ and GMT, which in NY during Daylight Savings Time is 240. The function returns a positive number for the zones with "GMT-x", and vice versa for zones with "GMT+x". Hence the need to divide by -60 to get the correct hour and sign.
function addRow() {
var ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
var sheet = ss.getActiveSheet();
sheet.insertRows(2, 1);
rightNow = new Date();
var tzOffset = "GMT" + rightNow.getTimezoneOffset() / -60;
var fDate = Utilities.formatDate(rightNow, tzOffset, "MM-dd-yyyy");
var fTime = Utilities.formatDate(rightNow, tzOffset, "HH:mm");
sheet.getRange('A2').setValue(fDate);
sheet.getRange('B2').setValue(fTime);
sheet.getRange('C2').setValue(tzOffset);
}
I've since found that I'm not the first person to respond to the GMT correction connundrum mentioning .getTimezoneOffset(). However, this thread has the most views on this topic, so I figured this option deserves a mention.
DST ends here on November 7th, 2021, so I'll report back if it doesn't adjust as expected to "GMT-5"
.getTimezoneOffset()
That can also be done without macros. Just using functions and data manipulation will suffice. Explaning the whole process here would be a bit cumbersome. Just do your research on how the various time functions work and use your creativity.
Hint: Use =NOW() if you want both current date and time. You'll actually need that if you need to find out the precise diff in time between to different dates.
Use =NOW()-INT(NOW()) when you only want the time (with date truncated if both times fall on the same date). Then format the corresponding cell or cells for time (i.e. 4:30 PM), not for date-time (3/25/2019 17:00:00). The latter is the format you'd use when you want to show both date and time... like when you use NOW().
Also search online for the Daylight Saving Time offset for the various standard time zones (PT, MT, CT, ET, AT) with respect to the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For example, in 2019 the offset for Pacific Time is UTC-7 when DST is observed starting on March 10 at 2 AM (Pacific) until November 3 at 2 AM. That means that the difference in time from UTC to Pacific is 7 hours. During the rest of the year is 8 hours (UTC-8). During DST observance starting sometime in March (the 10th this yr) it goes from PST to PDT by moving clocks forward 1 hr, or what we know as UTC-7 (that's summer time). After DST observance it goes from PDT to PST by moving clocks back 1 hr again, or what we know as UTC-8 (or winter time). Remember that the clock is advanced one hour in March to make better use of time. That's what we call DST, or Daylight Saving Time. So after March 8 at 2 AM (this year in 2019) we are in UTC-7. In November, we do the opposite. In Nov 3 at 2 AM the clock is taken back one hour as the winter kicks in. At that point we are back in Standard Time. Seems a bit confusing but it's really not.
So, basically, for folks in PT they go from PST to PDT in March and from PDT to PST in November. The exact same process goes on with Mountain Time, Central Time and Eastern Time. But they have different UTC time offsets. MT is either UTC-6 or UTC-7. CT is either UTC-5 or UTC-6. And ET is either UTC-4 or UTC-5. All depending on whether we are in summer time when Daylight Saving is observed to make better use of daylight and working hours, or in winter time (AKA, Standard Time).
Study these thoroughly and understand how they work, and play around with the various time functions in Excel or Google Sheets like the TIME(#,#,#) and NOW() functions and such, and believe me, soon you'll be able to do about anything like a pro with plain functions without having to use VBA Google Apps Script. You can also use the TEXT() function, though, with tricks like =TEXT(L4,"DDD, MMM D")&" | "&TEXT(L4,"h:mm AM/PM"), where L4 contains you date-timestamp, to display time and date formats. The VALUE() function also comes in handy every now and then. You can even design a numerical countdown timer without the use of macros. You'd need to create a circular reference and set iterations to 1, and time display to say every 1 min, in your spreadsheet settings for that.
The official timeanddate dot com website is a good source of info for all to know about time zones and how daylight time is handled. They have all UTC offsets there too.
Create your own Timezone Converter in Google Sheets:
Step 1: Create your table for the timezone converter.
Step 2: Enter the times for your time zones in a column.
Note: Ensure that you select date/time format(Select Cell(s) -> Format -> Number -> Time/Date)
Step 3: Write a formula to convert timezone using the following functions
Google Sheet Functions
=HOUR(A8)+(B3*C3) converts the hours.
=MINUTE(A8)+(B3*C3) converts the minutes.
Step 4: Convert back to time format using TIME(h,m,s) function
=TIME(HOUR(A8)+(B3*C3), MINUTE(A8)+(B3*C3), SECOND(A8))
This is a simple way to convert timezones.
However, if you want to implement an accurate timezone converter that takes care of the previous day, next day, and beyond 24 hours, beyond 60 minutes, please use MOD operations and handle all the cases.
Visit(or Use) this google sheet for reference:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1tfz5AtU3pddb46PG93HFlzpE8zqy421N0MKxHBCSqpo/edit?usp=sharing
just use the TZData format to "pull" a sync from UTC and display your choice.
Example in order to "change" the display of your cell to Berlin local time
=fromUTC(N82, "Europe/Berlin")
or for Tokyo
=fromUTC(N82, "Asia/Tokyo")
or San Francisco
=fromUTC(N82, "America/Inuvik")
point of reference for Time Zones is here >>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones
I have a web page with a DatePicker control (from Kendo UI) on it.
Firstly, I'm in New Zealand, which is UTC +12:00
When I select a date of 31st October 2012 in my date picker, it gets stored in the JavaScript object as:
Wed Oct 31 00:00:00 UTC+1300 2012
This seems wrong!
It gets serialized to JSON (using JSON.stringify) as 2012-10-30T11:00:00.000Z, which is wrong.
Back on the server, when the JSON is parsed, this comes out at 30th October 2012, 23:00.
Can somebody explain this to me? And what is the solution?
I have this figured out now - the date picker control is working correctly, as for the date of October 31st, New Zealand will be in Daylight Savings Time, so at that date, we will be UTC +1300.
My problem is that my server code is converting to UTC on the basis of today's date, rather than using the offset as it would be on the the actual date.
I'm have access to a 3rd party application's database, and I see a field called "date" which stores date/time values as floating point numbers, but I'm not sure how this floating point number is mapped to a date/time. There is no documentation for this database.
Here is some sample data:
date-field actual-date-time
253507382.168744 1/12/09 6:43 PM PST
253507480.136126 1/12/09 6:44 PM PST
253508091.838982 1/12/09 6:54 PM PST
256703604.015055 2/18/09 6:33 PM PST
256704413.484674 2/18/09 6:46 PM PST
Note: I had to enter these values manually so there's a slight chance they may be off a bit. If you would like to see more data, let me know and I'll add more.
I'm hoping someone is familiar with storing dates in this format and can let me know how to get a date/time given a floating point number.
If you look at the change in the numbers over the 10 and 13 minute intervals, you'll see that it's about 60. Therefore I conclude that it's a count of the number of seconds from a base date.
I think the base date is 1/1/2000 or 1/1/2001.
Edit: The base date appears to be 1/1/2001, and the time appears to be adjusted as well - it's probably UTC with your local time offset added.
If you subtract any of the two points you'll see that the values represent the number of seconds, at microsecond accuracy. It should be easy to work out the base date where the clock "started". On Unix and related systems this is January 1st, 1970.
The timestamps are 'number of seconds elapsed since 00:00 on January 1st 2001'. It's not a common date format but at least it should be easy to work with now you know what it represents!
Examples:
'DD/MM/YYYY
"1/1/2009" should give `1`
"31/1/2009" should give `5`
"1/2/2009" should also give `5`
Format("1/2/2009", "ww") returns 6.
So, how can I get the correct result?
It's doing two things here which don't match your expectations, I think:
Assuming you want the week with Jan 1 in as week 1, and using Sunday as first day of the week
So it has week 1 running from Sunday 28th December 2008 to Saturday 3rd Jan 2009.
Week 6 would begin on Sunday 1st Feb by this method.
The ISO standard is for week 1 to be the one containing 4 days of January, or the first Thursday of the year (different ways of expressing the same thing).
You can specify this method of calculation and the first day of the week:
Format(SomeDate,"ww",vbMonday,vbFirstFourDays)
see here for syntax:
https://support.office.com/en-US/article/Format-Function-6F29D87B-8761-408D-81D3-63B9CD842530
Regardless of the day of the week your week starts on, you need to pass unambiguous date values. "31/1/2009" can only be one date (Jan 31st), but "1/2/2009" could be Jan. 2 (US style) or Feb. 1st (everybody else who has more sense that we USAns).
In this case, I'd use DateSerial() to make sure the date is not misinterpreted:
Format(DateSerial(2009,2,1), "ww", vbMonday)
While this is not causing your problem, because Access helpfully utilizes your system's localized date settings, I think it's something you should do anyway. You certainly are forced to do so in SQL in Access, so I don't think it's a bad habit in code and expressions.
This might work: Format(YourDate, "ww",vbMonday)
"Correct result" depends on the locale. Maybe VBA will let you pick a calendar-system, otherwise you're pretty much out of luck.
Note that First-Day-On-xxDay isn't your only problem. There is also variation on what a complete week is so Week 1 in one system could be Week 53 of the previous year in another system.
So test thoroughly and don't be seduced to "correct by 1".
There is a whole standard for week numbers: ISO-8601
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Week_dates
I had the same problem.
It showed week 53 and week 1, yet days in week 53 and week 1 are all in week 1
I first tried changing the date format in the Access Query to this:
OrderWeek: Format([OrderDate],"yyyy-ww",1,3) <-- But it did not do the trick.
You get dates like 2014-52 for week 52 and 2015-52 where it was week 1 before.
Also the sorting was not how I liked. It sorted the data as 2014-1, 2014-11, 2014-2 etc. I want it to show as 2014-01, 2014-02 .. 2014-11 etc.
So here is the new code to display both the year and the week correctly in an Access Query:
ActualWeek: IIf(DatePart("ww",[SomeDate])=53,DatePart("yyyy",[SomeDate])+1,DatePart("yyyy",[SomeDate])) & "-" & IIf(DatePart("ww",[SomeDate])=53,"01",IIf(DatePart("ww",[SomeDate])<10,"0" & DatePart("ww",[SomeDate]),DatePart("ww",[SomeDate])))
This now shows any days from week 53 as being part of week 1
If sunday is the first day of the week (as it is in some locales) then 6 is the correct weeknumber for "1/2/2009" (february 1. 2009)
In terms of the sorting, I had the same issue and used this code to resolve it:
IIf(Format([SomeDate],"ww")<10,Format([SomeDate],"yyyy-") & "0" & Format([SomeDate],"ww"),Format([SomeDate],"yyyy-ww"))
If the week number is less than 10, add a zero, else leave it as is.
Now the sorting is fine. Hope this helps somebody.