How to insert a bash variable into a json string? - json

Question

I have a bash script that does a post request to a GraphQL endpoint. The post body is JSON. Basically within that JSON, I would like to replace a value of one key/value pair with a value from a bash variable. I've tried different combinations but all of them resulted to errors. Here's my code:
#!/bin/bash
utc_format=$(date -v-2d -v-23H -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
curl -v \
-X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "X-Auth-Email: email#email.com" \
-H "X-Auth-key: $API_KEY" \
--data '{"query": "query { viewer { zones ( filter: { zoneTag_in: [ \"abcde12345\" ] } ) { firewallEventsAdaptive ( filter: { source: \"waf\" datetime_gt: "'"\"$utc_format\""'" ruleId: \"100000\" action: \"simulate\" } orderBy: [ datetime_DESC ] limit: 100 ) { clientIP edgeResponseStatus metadata { key value } } } } }"}' \
https://api.api.com/graphql \
| python -m json.tool >> curl_results
If you look at my code, the "' at the end of datetime_gt is to close the '{" in --data. Then before rule_id, I opened it up again with '". What am I doing wrong?? I probably checked this a hundred times. Every time I try a different formatting, a new error pops up. Currently (with the code pasted here), the error that I get is:
{
"data": null,
"errors": [
{
"extensions": {
"timestamp": "2020-12-21T03:32:11.090255834Z"
},
"message": "failed to recognize JSON request: 'invalid character '\"' after object key:value pair'",
"path": null
}
]
}

Answer 1

Check if it works. At least you gonna have a valid JSON as output.
#!/bin/bash
utc_format=$(date -v-2d -v-23H -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
curl -v \
-X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "X-Auth-Email: email#email.com" \
-H "X-Auth-key: $API_KEY" \
--data '{"query": "query { viewer { zones ( filter: { zoneTag_in: [ \"abcde12345\" ] } ) { firewallEventsAdaptive ( filter: { source: \"waf\" datetime_gt: \"'$utc_format'\" ruleId: \"100000\" action: \"simulate\" } orderBy: [ datetime_DESC ] limit: 100 ) { clientIP edgeResponseStatus metadata { key value } } } } }"}' \
https://api.api.com/graphql \
| python -m json.tool >> curl_results