Sql left outer join with three tables - mysql

I am developing basically an e-commerce application. Application has two pages (all product and my-basket) authenticated user can add product to own basket. and I have three tables, the tables contains following data. I want to if the user adds product to own basket, these products don't exist on this user's all product page.
How should be the SQL query? I am looking query for all product page. so query's return type must be Product.
If user added any products to own basket on all product page these products
shouldn't see on the all product page for this user.
PRODUCT TABLE
+-------+--------+
| id | name |
+-------+--------+
| 1 | p1 |
| 2 | p2 |
+-------+--------+
USER TABLE
+-------+--------+
| id | name |
+-------+--------+
| 3 | U1 |
| 4 | U2 |
+-------+--------+
BASKET TABLE
+-------+---------+-------------+
| id | fk_user | fk_product |
+-------+---------+-------------+
| 5 | 3 | 1 |
| 6 | 4 | 2 |
+-------+---------+-------------+
So if authenticated user's id is 3. The user should see p2 product on own all product page.

try this:
SELECT product.name
FROM product
LEFT JOIN basket ON basket.fk_product = product.id
WHERE (basket.fk_user != 3 OR basket.fk_user IS NULL)
Check my demo query
If you want you can also join the user table but with the data you gave me is not necessary.
A left join keeps all rows in the first (product) table plus all rows in the second (basket) table, when the on clause evaluates to true.
When the on clause evaluates to false or NULL, the left join still keeps all rows in the first table with NULL values for the second table.

or, more commonly...
SELECT p.name
FROM product p
LEFT JOIN basket b
on b.fk_product = p.id
AND b.fk_user = 3
WHERE b.fk_user is null

What you are describing sounds like NOT EXISTS:
SELECT p.name
FROM product p
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1
FROM basket b
WHERE b.fk_product = f.id AND
b.fk_user = 3
);
This seems like the most direct interpretation of your question.

Related

MySQL left join count not showing all entries from left table

I have two tables: vcases(id,statusCategoryID,userID) and vstatuses(id,category).
I'm trying to display a dashboard where user can see number of cases they submitted under each category.
I tried left join but I'm not getting all the category names for a particular user.
This is what I'm doing:
SELECT vs.name as `catName`
, COUNT(vs.name) as `count`
FROM vstatuses vs
LEFT
JOIN vcases v
ON vs.id = v.statusCategoryID
WHERE v.userID = 2
GROUP
BY vs.names
ORDER
BY vs.id
I want to display like this
+----------------------------------------+
| Category | Submitted | Opened | Solved |
| Count | 3 | 1 | 0 |
+----------------------------------------+
But I'm getting this
+-------------------------------+
| Category | Submitted | Opened |
| Count | 3 | 1 |
+-------------------------------+
I want to include the categoryName even if there is no case under that category.
The filter should be with the ON clause
LEFT JOIN vcases v ON vs.id=v.statusCategory AND v.userID = 2
Otherwise it's as if it's an INNER JOIN

Getting Display Name for UserID twice in same query

I have a table called Users:
UserID | DisplayName
----------------------
2 | Jack
3 | Jill
And a table called Tasks:
TaskID | UserID | UserForID
--------------------------------
1 | 2 | 3
2 | 3 | 2
3 | 3 | 3
Basically in here, users can set tasks for each other or themselves.
My query is as follows:
SELECT *
FROM Tasks
INNER JOIN Users
ON Tasks.UserForID=Users.UserID
Now using $row['DisplayName'] gets the display name of the user the task is for, but how do I go about getting the display name of the user who posted the task?
Join the same user table for both the users. When you joined for first time you joined based on UserForID thats why you were getting only for ForUser, now if you join
SELECT t.TaskID, u.DisplayName as ForUser, tu.DisplayName as FromUser
FROM Tasks t
INNER JOIN Users u ON t.UserForID=u.UserID
INNER JOIN Users tu ON tu.UserID=t.UserID
The key FromUser will contain the name of the user who created the task

Can I be selective on what rows I join on in MySQL

Suppose I have two tables, people and emails. emails has a person_id, an address, and an is_primary:
people:
id
emails:
person_id
address
is_primary
To get all email addresses per person, I can do a simple join:
select * from people join emails on people.id = emails.person_id
What if I only want (at most) one row from the right table for each row in the left table? And, if a particular person has multiple emails and one is marked as is_primary, is there a way to prefer which row to use when joining?
So, if I have
people: emails:
------ -----------------------------------------
| id | | id | person_id | address | is_primary |
------ -----------------------------------------
| 1 | | 1 | 1 | a#b.c | true |
| 2 | | 2 | 1 | b#b.c | false |
| 3 | | 3 | 2 | c#b.c | true |
| 4 | | 4 | 4 | d#b.c | false |
------ -----------------------------------------
is there a way to get this result:
------------------------------------------------
| people.id | emails.id | address | is_primary |
------------------------------------------------
| 1 | 1 | a#b.c | true |
| 2 | 3 | c#b.c | true | // chosen over b#b.c because it's primary
| 3 | null | null | null | // no email for person 3
| 4 | 4 | d#b.c | false | // no primary email for person 4
------------------------------------------------
You got it a bit wrong, how left/right joins work.
This join
select * from people join emails on people.id = emails.person_id
will get you every column from both tables for all records that match your ON condition.
The left join
select * from people left join emails on people.id = emails.person_id
will give you every record from people, regardless if there's a corresponding record in emails or not. When there's not, the columns from the emails table will just be NULL.
If a person has multiple emails, multiple records will be in the result for this person. Beginners often wonder then, why the data has duplicated.
If you want to restrict the data to the rows where is_primary has the value 1, you can do so in the WHERE clause when you're doing an inner join (your first query, although you ommitted the inner keyword).
When you have a left/right join query, you have to put this filter in the ON clause. If you would put it in the WHERE clause, you would turn the left/right join into an inner join implicitly, because the WHERE clause would filter the NULL rows that I mentioned above. Or you could write the query like this:
select * from people left join emails on people.id = emails.person_id
where (emails.is_primary = 1 or emails.is_primary is null)
EDIT after clarification:
Paul Spiegel's answer is good, therefore my upvote, but I'm not sure if it performs well, since it has a dependent subquery. So I created this query. It may depend on your data though. Try both answers.
select
p.*,
coalesce(e1.address, e2.address) AS address
from people p
left join emails e1 on p.id = e1.person_id and e1.is_primary = 1
left join (
select person_id, address
from emails e
where id = (select min(id) from emails where emails.is_primary = 0 and emails.person_id = e.person_id)
) e2 on p.id = e2.person_id
Use a correlated subquery with LIMIT 1 in the ON clause of the LEFT JOIN:
select *
from people p
left join emails e
on e.person_id = p.id
and e.id = (
select e1.id
from emails e1
where e1.person_id = e.person_id
order by e1.is_primary desc, -- true first
e1.id -- If e1.is_primary is ambiguous
limit 1
)
order by p.id
sqlfiddle

MySQL Join two tables with condition

Based on these two tables:
products
| ID | Active | Name | No
--------------------------------------------------
| 1 | 1 | Shirt | 100
| 2 | 0 | Pullover | 200
variants
| MasterID | Active | Name | No
--------------------------------------------------
| 1 | 1 | Red | 101
| 1 | 0 | Yellow | 102
I want to get every product which is active and also their active variants in one sql.
Relation between those tables MasterID -> ID
Needed result:
ID (master) | Name | No
--------------------------------------------------
1 | Shirt | 100
1 | Red | 101
I tried it with using union, but then I am not able to get the belonging MasterIDs.
It looks like you just need a simple join:
select *
from products
left join variants
on products.ID = variants.MasterID
where products.Active = 1
and variants.Active = 1
Update after requirements were made clearer:
select ID, Name, No, 'products' as RowType
from products
where Active = 1
union
select variants.MasterID as ID, variants.Name, variants.No, 'variants' as RowType
from products
join variants
on products.ID = variants.MasterID
where products.Active = 1
and variants.Active = 1
order by ID, RowType, No
I've assumed you want the results ordered by ID, with products followed by variants. The No column may order it this way implicitly (it's impossible to know without real data), in which case the RowType column can be removed. The order by clause might need to be altered to match your specific RDBMS.
This should gives you the expected result:
select * from products left join variants on products.id = variants.masterId
where products.active=1 and variants.active=1
If not please add the expected result to your question.

Joining 3 tables with n:m relationship, want to see nonmatching rows

For this problem, consider the following 3 tables:
Event
id (pk)
title
Event_Category
event_id (pk, fk)
category_id (pk, fk)
Category
id (pk)
description
Pretty trivial I guess... :) Each event can fall into zero or more categories, in total there are 4 categories.
In my application, I want to view and edit the categories for a specific event. Graphically, the event will be shown together with ALL categories and a checkbox indicating whether the event falls into the category. Changing and saving the choice will result in modifocation of the intermediate table Event_Category.
But first: how to select this for a specific event? The query I need will in fact always return 4 rows, the number of categories present.
Following returns only the entries for the categories the event with id=11 falls into. Experimenting with outer joins did not give more rows in the result.
SELECT e.id, c.omschrijving
FROM Event e
INNER JOIN Event_Categorie ec ON e.id = ec.event_id
INNER JOIN Categorie c ON c.id = ec.categorie_id
WHERE e.id = 11
Or should I start with the Category table in the query? Hope for some hints :)
TIA, Klaas
UPDATE:
Yes I did but still have not found the answer. But I have simplified the issue by omitting the Event table from the query because this table is only used to view the Event descriptions.
SELECT * from Categorie c LEFT JOIN Event_Categorie ec ON c.id = ec.categorie_id WHERE ec.event_id = 11;
The simplified 2-table query only uses the lookup table and the link table but still returns only 2 rows instead of the total of 4 rows in the Categorie table.
My guess would be that the WHERE clause is applied after the joining, so the rows not joined to the link table are excluded. In my application I solved the issues by using a subquery but I still would like to know what is the best solution.
What you want is the list of all categories, plus information about whether that category is in the list of categories of your event.
So, you can do:
SELECT
*
FROM
Category
LEFT JOIN Event_Category ON category_id = id
WHERE
event_id = 11
and event_id column will be NULL on the categories that are not part of your event.
You can also create a column (named has_category below) that you will use to see if the event has this category instead of comparing with NULL:
SELECT
*,
event_id IS NOT NULL AS has_category
FROM
Category
LEFT JOIN Event_Category ON category_id = id
WHERE
event_id = 11
EDIT: This seems exactly what you say you are doing on your edit. I tested it and it seems correct. Are you sure you are running this query, and that rows with NULL are not somehow ignored?
The query
SELECT * FROM Categorie;
returns 4 rows:
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| id | omschrijving | afbeelding | afbeelding_klein |
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 1 | Creatief | images/categorieen/creatief420k.jpg | images/categorieen/creatief190k.jpg |
| 2 | Sportief | images/categorieen/sportief420k.jpg | images/categorieen/sportief190kr.jpg |
| 4 | Culinair | images/categorieen/culinair420k.jpg | images/categorieen/culinair190k.jpg |
| 5 | Spirit | images/categorieen/spirit420k.jpg | images/categorieen/spirit190k.jpg |
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
BUT:
The query
SELECT *
FROM Categorie
LEFT JOIN Event_Categorie ON categorie_id = id
WHERE event_id = 11;
returns 2 rows:
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+----------+--------------+
| id | omschrijving | afbeelding | afbeelding_klein | event_id | categorie_id |
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+----------+--------------+
| 1 | Creatief | images/categorieen/creatief420k.jpg | images/categorieen/creatief190k.jpg | 11 | 1 |
| 4 | Culinair | images/categorieen/culinair420k.jpg | images/categorieen/culinair190k.jpg | 11 | 4 |
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+----------+--------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
So I still need the subquery... and the LEFT JOIN is not effective in showing all rows of the CAtegorie table, regardless whether there is a match with the link table.
This query, however, does what I want it to do:
SELECT *
FROM Categorie c
LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM Event_Categorie ec WHERE ec.event_id = 11 ) AS subselect ON subselect.categorie_id = c.id;
Result:
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------+
| id | omschrijving | afbeelding | afbeelding_klein | event_id | categorie_id |
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------+
| 1 | Creatief | images/categorieen/creatief420k.jpg | images/categorieen/creatief190k.jpg | 11 | 1 |
| 2 | Sportief | images/categorieen/sportief420k.jpg | images/categorieen/sportief190kr.jpg | NULL | NULL |
| 4 | Culinair | images/categorieen/culinair420k.jpg | images/categorieen/culinair190k.jpg | 11 | 4 |
| 5 | Spirit | images/categorieen/spirit420k.jpg | images/categorieen/spirit190k.jpg | NULL | NULL |
+----+--------------+-------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
The issue is that you have filtered the results by the eventid. As you can see in your results, two of the categories (Sportief and Spirit) do not have events. So the correct SQL statement (using SQL Server syntax; some translation may be required) is:
SELECT *
FROM Categorie
LEFT JOIN Event_Categorie ON categorie_id = id
WHERE (event_id IS NULL) OR (event_id = 11);
Finally I found the right query, no subselect is necessary. But the WHERE clause works after the joining and therefore is no part of the join anymore. THe solution is extending the ON clause with an extra condition. Now all 4 rows are returned with NULL for the non-matching Categories!
SELECT *
FROM Categorie
LEFT JOIN Event_Categorie ON categorie_id = id AND event_id = 11;
So the bottom line is that putting an extra condition in the ON clause has different effect than filtering out rows by the same condition in the WHERE clause!