Update google "master" spreadsheet when other sheets are updated - google-apps-script

Question

I have multiple Google spreadsheets with booking data such as booking number, client name, email, booking date etc. The order of these columns is not the same in all sheets.
I would like to update all data from all my "source" sheets in one "master" spreadsheet. Meaning as soon as a new row is added or an existing row is updated, the data will be synced to the master spreadsheet
What would be the best way to achieve that? Javascript or is there some existing Google Sheets addon?
Example sheet 1: Fast boat bookings
Example sheet 2: Airport transfer bookings
Master sheet
Thanks so much to everyone looking into this!
Most people recommend to use "importrange", but I don't think this works for my use case.
I am also aware that it could be achieved by Zapier, but it would become to costly to pay for so many zaps. I believe there is another solution.
I do not have any code yet to start with :-/
I expect the data in the master sheet to be sorted by submission date and time like this:

Answer 1

The general procedure for using formulas is
Use IMPORTRANGE to get the data from the source spreadsheets into the master spreadsheet
Use array notation to put the imported data together
NOTES:
If you are new to using IMPORTRANGE, arrays in Google Sheets and complex formulas, use one sheet for each IMPORTRANGE, and delete the unused columns to save cells because the Google Sheets 5 million cell limit
If you prefer to use scripts, you should get the spreadsheets keys, or URLs then you could use SpreadsheetApp.openById(id) or SpreadsheetApp.openByUrl(url) to open the spreadsheets. Then you could use getValues() / setValues() to read / write the values from source spreadsheets to the master spreadsheet.
References
Using arrays in Google Sheets
Extending Google Sheets with Google Apps Script
Related
Is it possible to do ImportRange in Google Apps Script?
IMPORTRANGE to import multiple Google Sheets into one vertical column?

Answer 2

As a workaround for Apps Script triggers not being fired by automatic sheet updates, you need to use IMPORTRANGE to import your data into a dummy sheet. IMPORTRANGE will detect also through automatic sheet update and simultaneously it is able to fire an onEdit trigger.
Do the following:
Delete all empty rows in MASTER spreadsheet
Create a dummy spreadsheet and import into it the contents of MASTER spreadsheetwith a formula:
From the dummy sheet, open the script editor and insert the following code:
function changed(e) {
var masterSheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActive().getSheetByName("Sheet1");
if(PropertiesService.getScriptProperties().getKeys().length==0){
PropertiesService.getScriptProperties().setProperty('startRow', 5);
}
var startRow=PropertiesService.getScriptProperties().getProperty('startRow');
var lastRow=masterSheet.getLastRow();
var numRows=lastRow-startRow+1;
var startCol=1;
var numCols=6;
var values=masterSheet.getRange(startRow,startCol,numRows,numCols).getValues();
var FBsheet=SpreadsheetApp.openById('1SzBx5Q9rrlcLGSqD8y5eFE5TX304LfZ7D9mxxrHhfKw').getSheetByName('Sheet1');
var ATsheet=SpreadsheetApp.openById('1IRD8wT5Kmx7h_xP807f4ibWRn8g98RjA-dJXxADXAl0').getSheetByName('Sheet1');
FBsheet.getRange(FBsheet.getLastRow()+1,startCol, numRows, numCols).setValues(values);
var ATlastRow=ATsheet.getLastRow();
for(var i=0;i<numRows;i++){
Logger.log(values[i][1]);
ATsheet.getRange(ATlastRow+1+i,1, 1, 1).setValue(values[i][1]);
ATsheet.getRange(ATlastRow+1+i,2, 1, 1).setValue(values[i][0]);
ATsheet.getRange(ATlastRow+1+i,3, 1, 1).setValue(values[i][3]);
ATsheet.getRange(ATlastRow+1+i,4, 1, 1).setValue(values[i][2]);
ATsheet.getRange(ATlastRow+1+i,5, 1, 1).setValue(values[i][5]);
ATsheet.getRange(ATlastRow+1+i,6, 1, 1).setValue(values[i][4]);
}
PropertiesService.getScriptProperties().setProperty('startRow', lastRow+1);
}
Attach to the script an onEdit trigger
Run the script once manually, it is normal that it will throw you an error
Now the script will run automatically each time data update takes place in MASTER spreadsheet.
Make sure you change all spreadsheetIDs and sheet names with your
values.