I've gone through the decoder truth table and able to understand that. but i want to know why the corresponding output values related to input values get 1.
Example if we consider 2 to 4 Decoder when inputs are 1 1 then the output will be 1 0 0 0 the 4th place will get 1.
I need a reason why this is happening ?
A line decoder is designed to turn code(encoded boolean values) into mutually-exclusive signals (only one of the outputs can be 1) as you can see from the decoder truth table. A schema and circuitry for the decoder is implemented using this truth table because that is the behavior we are trying to create in our circuitry.
Related
I am trying to understand how word embeddings are generated, I've been reading that 1-hot encoded vector is used and it servers as a lookup table but, I want to print that and see, how can I do that. When I am doing the following:
self.embeddings = nn.Embedding(vocab_size, dim)
print('embed',self.embeddings.weight)
I am getting different results when I re-run the code for same input string/vocab_size and same dim.
I want to know why this happens and how are those weight values calulated? What equation/fucntions is used to get these values? Is any function like softmax etc used to get the weights?
Let's say I have: [[1,2], [3,9], [4,2], [], []]
I would like to know the scripts to get:
The number of nested lists which are/are not non-empty. ie want to get: [3,2]
The number of nested lists which contain or not contain number 3. ie want to get: [1,4]
The number of nested lists for which the sum of the elements is/isn't less than 4. ie want to get: [3,2]
ie basic examples of nested data partition.
Since stackoverflow.com is not a coding service, I'll confine this response to the first question, with the hope that it will convince you that learning jq is worth the effort.
Let's begin by refining the question about the counts of the lists
"which are/are not empty" to emphasize that the first number in the answer should correspond to the number of empty lists (2), and the second number to the rest (3). That is, the required answer should be [2,3].
Solution using built-in filters
The next step might be to ask whether group_by can be used. If the ordering did not matter, we could simply write:
group_by(length==0) | map(length)
This returns [3,2], which is not quite what we want. It's now worth checking the documentation about what group_by is supposed to do. On checking the details at https://stedolan.github.io/jq/manual/#Builtinoperatorsandfunctions,
we see that by design group_by does indeed sort by the grouping value.
Since in jq, false < true, we could fix our first attempt by writing:
group_by(length > 0) | map(length)
That's nice, but since group_by is doing so much work when all we really need is a way to count, it's clear we should be able to come up with a more efficient (and hopefully less opaque) solution.
An efficient solution
At its core the problem boils down to counting, so let's define a generic tabulate filter for producing the counts of distinct string values. Here's a def that will suffice for present purposes:
# Produce a JSON object recording the counts of distinct
# values in the given stream, which is assumed to consist
# solely of strings.
def tabulate(stream):
reduce stream as $s ({}; .[$s] += 1);
An efficient solution can now be written down in just two lines:
tabulate(.[] | length==0 | tostring )
| [.["true", "false"]]
QED
p.s.
The function named tabulate above is sometimes called bow (for "bag of words"). In some ways, that would be a better name, especially as it would make sense to reserve the name tabulate for similar functionality that would work for arbitrary streams.
I am trying to make a menu calculator in which the user inputs items and the program will add up the order numbers and output the cost. I have done some of the code already but in the function in says can't assign to literal.
itemlist=["1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"]
def itemcost():
1=3.50 #can't assign literal error is here
2=2.50
3=4.00
4=3.50
5=1.75
6=1.50
7=2.25
8=3.75
9=1.25
return itemcost
order=int(input("Enter order"))
while items in order:
itemcost+str(order)
First, some good information to put in a question is the language and platform you are using. Your error comment in the code IS helpful, however.
What your code is trying to do is assign the value 3.50 to the VALUE 1. You can't change the value of pure numbers for obvious reasons. What I think you want is:
itemlist["1"]=3.50
On line 4 (and lines 5-12 after it) the 1 is read as the value one, i.e. a literal value. If you want to assign the value 3.50 to a variable, you will need to name the variable something that cannot be interpreted as a number and does not begin with a number, such as _1 or var1.
So I am having a couple problems with Play's scalaJSON. First being that I am somehow not able to make my keys anything other than strings. I have defined a a JSONWrites converter as follows:
implicit val musics = new Writes[Question] {
def writes(question:Question) = Json.obj(
"questionID" -> question.questionID,
"questionText" -> question.questionText,
"responseURI" -> question.responseURI,
"constraints: min,max,Optional" -> Json.arr(question.minResponse, question.maxResponse, question.optionalQ),
"responseDataType" -> question.responseDataType
)
}
my model case class for question:
case class Question (questionID:Int,
questionText:String,
responseURI:String,
minResponse:Option[Int],
maxResponse:Option[Int],
optionalQ:Boolean,
responseDataType:String)
When desigining my REST API in play, I wanted to access the specific question of this survey app with a url such as /questionBlock/questionID
I tried to simply make the question.questionID the parent key and nest the rest of the JSON as the value to this key, but it would not allow me to do this, saying expected String actual Int
the actual JSON rendered out looks like this:
[{"questionID":0,"questionText":"What is your favorite musical artist?",
"responseURI":"/notDoneYet","constraints: min,max,Optional":[1,1,false],
"responseDataType":"String"},{"questionID":1,"questionText":"What is your favorite music genre?",
"responseURI":"/notDoneYet","constraints: min,max,Optional":[1,1,false],"responseDataType":"String"}]
But using this I cannot seem to figure out how to return the entire field where questionID equals 1 or 2 etc. I have used the 0th, 1st, etc element of the array but that is not the ideal approach for me, since question Ids may not always start at 0 for a particular sequence of questions.
Basically, I want to be able to show an entire record for one question when I provide the value of questionID. In Javascript I would have made the outermost key this questionID value, but I am unable to figure out how to do this using scalaJson. If there is an alternative way to accomplish this, I am open to suggestions.
I'm new to F# and got this assignment to create a very simple bankrepresentation.
I do not want any code answers directly related to the problem, but preferally links or tips on where to find solutions or how to find do the solutions.
The issues are the following:
Reading lines of a file (a line looks like this: "126,145001,1500.00" and it's sequence_number, account_number, amount)
Split the line to use the data from the line
summarize the data (to return the bank account balance)
Not using floating point numbers representing the amount, due to rounding errors(?)
Doing all of these in one function.
I know how to read a file, in a function.
I also know how to split a string.
I know how to recursivly add values from a list.
I do not know how to add values that are decimal without floating-point variables.
I do not know how to retrieve the string from a list in a function and split it.
I do not know how to do all of these things in on function taking in file name, account number, and account currency.
The function should return the balance after the transactions in the file have been proccessed.
My idea to solve this is to create a datatype that have the three variables sequence_number, account_number and amount, and then do the following:
Read the file,
Split the data and create an object of my custom type for each line in the file
Add and remove the values from the types and return the final balance.
If anyone could point me in the right direction for each or any problem I would be really thankful!
.NET contains a type called System.Decimal that is indeed more appropriate for storing financial figures than the typical floating point types. In F#, you can use the decimal function to convert a value of a different type (say a string) to a System.Decimal (which F# abbreviates as a type also named decimal): let d = decimal "1.23" You can also create these values directly by using the M suffix: let d' = 1.23M, but in your case that doesn't seem relevant.
Regarding your other questions, if you use System.IO.File.ReadLines, then you can get the individual lines of your file as a sequence. Then you can string together a bunch of operations on that sequence to achieve your desired result. For instance, you can take the sequence and use Seq.map <your splitting code here> to split each line (and convert to instances of your specific data type, if desired), and then use Seq.groupBy to group the transactions by account number, and then Seq.map again to apply your summarization logic to each group. Ask follow-up questions if any of this is unclear.