Change default character set on MySQL Workbench - mysql

I am trying to connect to my MYSQL database using a utf8mb4 charset (Note the global settings for the database charset is already utf8mb4).
I can do this quite easily using the CLI like so:
mysql -h myhostname -u myuser -p --default-character-set=utf8mb4
When I do the following query:
SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
I get the correct output as expected:
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
| collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
However, when I connect to my MySQL database using MySQL Workbench, and perform the same query I get the following:
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
The issue here is that I am struggling to change the default-character-set in MySQL Workbench GUI. I tried appending the following:
default-character-set=utf8mb4
in Manage Server Connections > Connection > Advanced > Others section,
but does not seem to have any affect.
How can I change the default character set on the MySQL Workbench GUI.

AFAIK you have to execute this command each time you start a new Workbench session:
SET NAMES 'utf8mb4' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci';
UPDATE
The following is useful if you need to use Workbench to do exports: (I haven't found a similar way to cause all it's connections to default to utf8mb4)
The default charset that is used is to export data is utf8. To support full Unicode though we need utf8mb4. To achieve this it's possible to modify Workbench to use utf8mb4 manually.
Go to C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Workbench 6.3 CE\modules
open this file wb_admin_export.py.
Create a backup copy
Replace all occurrences "default-character-set":"utf8" with "default-character-set":"utf8mb4".
Save the file.
Restart Workbench.
The next time you run the export you will see in the log results like this:
Running: mysqldump.exe --defaults-file="c:\users\jonathan\appdata\local\temp\tmpidlh7a.cnf" --host=localhost --protocol=tcp --user=root --allow-keywords=TRUE --port=3306 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --routines --skip-triggers "databasename"

In MySQL Workbench (8.0), you can click the Administration tab, select Options File under Instance, scroll to the International section and you'll find character-set-server and collation-server, which you can set to your desired charset and collation. Click the Apply button to save the changes.
This will set the values in /etc/mysql/my.cnf, or wherever your config file is.

Related

Saving emoji characters in mysql database

I am trying to save some data on mysql database, input contains emoji characters like this : '\U0001f60a\U0001f48d' and I'm getting this error:
1366, "Incorrect string value: '\\xF0\\x9F\\x98\\x8A\\xF0\\x9F...' for column 'caption' at row 1"
I searched over net and read a lot of answers include these:
MySQL utf8mb4, Errors when saving Emojis or MySQL utf8mb4, Errors when saving Emojis or https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/mysql-utf8mb4#character-sets or http://www.java2s.com/Tutorial/MySQL/0080__Table/charactersetsystem.htm but nothing worked !!
I have different problems:
here is mydb info:
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+--------------------------+--------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
I tried to change character_set_server value to utf8mb4 by
mysql>SET character_set_server = utf8mb4
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
But when restart mysqld everything revert !
I don't have any /etc/my.cnf file in also, and I edited /etc/mysql/my.cnf file instead.
What should I do?
How can I save emoji file in my database?
1st or 2nd line in source code (to have literals in the code utf8-encoded: # -- coding: utf-8 --
Your columns/tables need to be CHARACTER SET utf8mb4
The python package "MySQL-python" version needs to be at least 1.2.5 in order to handle utf8mb4.
self.query('SET NAMES utf8mb4') may be necessary.
Django needs client_encoding: 'UTF8' -- I don't know if that should be 'utf8mb4`.
References:
https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/18392
http://mysql.rjweb.org/doc.php/charcoll#python

Set CENTOS 6 mysql character sets to UTF8

I have a website, and I realised when you copy some characters(*,' " - _) from specific applications like Microsoft word, into a search box on my website, it returns this error:
ERROR org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter - Illegal mix of collations (latin1_swedish_ci,IMPLICIT) and (utf8_general_ci,COERCIBLE) for operation 'like'
So I went to check out my database and I wanted to see if the database used UTF-8.
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
As you can see, the database is using latin1 and I wanted to set it to use utf8. So firstly, I'm on a Centos 6.2 server and the file my.cnf file resides in /etc/my.cnf and the file is as follows under the [mysqld]:
[mysqld]
local-infile=0
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
init_connect ='SET NAMES utf8'
character_set_server = utf8
collation_server = utf8_general_ci
P.S I am not worried about the [client] section since it shows that it uses utf8 under the value of character_set_client.
The issue:
Although I've tried to set the server in my my.cnf file (and closed the file, shutdown my tomcat and restarted my tomcat). Nothing is changing. And when I run the first query I displayed, it still shows that character_set_server is still using latin1
Although restarting my TOMCAT didn't have any effect, I actually had to restart my 'mySql' in order for the changes to take place. So you'd have to stop the main server first (in my case Stop TOMCAT) and then restart mySql and then Start TOMCAT again. After, in your mySql if you type: show VARIABLES like %character%; you should see your database datatype with utf-8 and if you type: show VARIABLES like %collation% you should also see your database collation data type which should be utf-8_general_ci.

How do I convert the OpenShift MySQL 5.1 cartridge to UTF-8

The default MySQL 5.1 cartridge apparently creates all its tables with the latin1 character set. I have an application (Review Board, a python/Django application) that has some issues unless the DB is running as UTF-8. How do I change that? I can't just edit my.cnf because it will be wiped at the next cartridge restart.
mysql> show variables like 'character_set%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
I cannot change this setting in my.cnf, because to the best of my knowledge, there exists no OpenShift environment variable to set the character encoding. How do I persistently change this (ideally in my OpenShift hooks so this will persist into future deployments) and update my existing tables to UTF-8?
I found a solution but not a perfect one :
In openshift installing phpMyAdmin,
Find and change server settings, the relevant character variables changed from latin1 to utf8.
Hope that helps

Rails show question marks(????) for my input utf8 data

I have set every encoding set variable I can figure out to utf8.
In database.yml:
development: &development
adapter: mysql2
encoding: utf8
In my.cnf:
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
default-character-set = utf8
skip-character-set-client-handshake
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
init-connect = SET NAMES utf8
And if I run mysql client in terminal:
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
But it's to beat the air. When I insert utf8 data from Rails app, it finally becomes ????????????.
What do I miss?
Check not global settings but when you are connected to specific database for application. When you changed settings for mysql you have also change settings for your app database.
Simple way to check it is to log to mysql into app db:
mysql app_db_production -u db_user -p
or rails command:
rails dbconsole production
For my app it looks like this:
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Command for changing database collation and charset:
mysql> alter database app_db_production CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
And remeber to change charset and collation for all your tables:
ALTER TABLE tablename CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; # changes for new records
ALTER TABLE tablename CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; # migrates old records
Now it should work.
I had the same problem. I added characterEncoding to the end of mysql connection string:
use this: jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbname?characterEncoding=utf8
instead of this: jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbname
Okay for anybody else for whom the #Ravbaker answer does not cut it .. some more tips
MySQL has encoding specified in multiple levels : server, database, connection, table and even field/column. My problem was that the field/column was forced to latin (which over rides all the other encodings). I set the field back to the table encoding (which was utf-8) and the world was good again.
Most of these settings can be set at the usual places: my.cnf, alter queries and rails database.yml file.
ALTER TABLE t MODIFY col1 CHAR(50) CHARACTER SET utf8;
was the query which did the trick for me.
For server / connection encodings use my.cnf and database.yml
For database / table / column encodings use queries
(You can also achieve these by other means)
Do you have this in the HTML?
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />
or on HTML5 pages with <!doctype html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
You may need this to let the browser send strings in utf8.
I have some problem today! It's solved by drop my table and creating new, then db:migrate and all is pretty works!
WARNING: IT WILL DELETE ALL YOUR DATA IN THIS TABLE
So:
$ mysql -u USER -p
mysql > drop database YOURDB_NAME_development;
mysql > create database YOURDB_NAME_development CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
mysql > \q
$ rake db:migrate
Well done!

How to create a utf8 db with mysqladmin

I feel like this should be simple but i can't work out how to set the character set when making a db with "mysqladmin create". I thought this would work
mysqladmin -u root db_name --character-set=utf8
leveraging this bit of the mysqladmin --help text:
-O, --set-variable=name
Change the value of a variable. Please note that this
option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with
--variable-name=value.
i also tried this
mysqladmin -u root create db_name --default-character-set=utf8
In both cases, the db was created without complaint, but i don't think it's worked:
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
I can see that character_set_system is utf8, but should all of the latin1's above be showing utf8?
Grateful for any advice - max
No, the variables that you have displayed are the options of your connection, not the database. If you make a database dump, you will see, that everything is in place. For more options see SET NAMES 'charset' command in MySQL Manual.
I'm coming back to answer my own question, since i just tried to do this with a more recent install of mysql and it didn't work: i think the options have changed.
In mysql 5.5, which i have, the relevant config options (to make databases default to utf8 character set) are:
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8