Working with SELECT and SUB SELECT in MySQL - mysql

I have a question about a SQL, I have never worked with the select sub and I ended up getting lost with it.
Meu SQL:
SELECT CLI.id, CLI.nome, CLI.senha, CLI.email, CLI.cpf, CLI.celular, CLI.data_nasc, CLI.genero, CLI.data_cadastro, CLI.status, CLI.id_socket, ATEN.mensagem, ARQ.nome AS foto, ATEN.data_mensagem
FROM ut_clientes AS CLI
LEFT JOIN ut_arquivos AS ARQ ON (ARQ.id_tipo = CLI.id AND ARQ.tipo = "ut_clientes")
INNER JOIN ut_atendimentos AS ATEN ON (ATEN.id_usuario_envio = CLI.id)
WHERE ATEN.id_usuario_envio != 59163
GROUP BY CLI.id
ORDER BY ATEN.data_mensagem
DESC
Well, what I would like to do is group the messages according to the customer ID and bring only the last message recorded in the database according to the data_mensagem.
I have tried in many ways but always the last one that is displayed is the first message inserted in DB.
If anyone can help me, I'll be grateful. Thank you guys!

This may help you... I am using a join to a pre-query (PQ alias). This query just goes to your messages and grabs the client ID and the most recent based on the MAX(). By doing the group by here, it will at most return 1 record per client. I also have the WHERE clause to exclude the one ID you listed.
From THAT result, you do a simple join to the rest of your query.
SELECT
CLI.id,
CLI.nome,
CLI.senha,
CLI.email,
CLI.cpf,
CLI.celular,
CLI.data_nasc,
CLI.genero,
CLI.data_cadastro,
CLI.status,
CLI.id_socket,
ATEN.mensagem,
ARQ.nome AS foto,
PQ.data_mensagem
FROM
ut_clientes AS CLI
LEFT JOIN ut_arquivos AS ARQ
ON CLI.id = ARQ.id_tipo
AND ARQ.tipo = "ut_clientes"
INNER JOIN
( select
ATEN.id_usuario_envio,
MAX( ATEN.data_mensagem ) as MostRecentMsg
from
ut_atendimentos AS ATEN
where
ATEN.id_usuario_envio != 59163
group by
ATEN.id_usuario_envio ) PQ
ON CLI.id = PQ.id_usuario_envio
GROUP BY
CLI.id
ORDER BY
PQ.data_mensagem DESC

Related

MySQL Query limiting results by sub table

I'm really struggling with this query and I hope somebody can help.
I am querying across multiple tables to get the dataset that I require. The following query is an anonymised version:
SELECT main_table.id,
sub_table_1.field_1,
main_table.field_1,
main_table.field_2,
main_table.field_3,
main_table.field_4,
main_table.field_5,
main_table.field_6,
main_table.field_7,
sub_table_2.field_1,
sub_table_2.field_2,
sub_table_2.field_3,
sub_table_3.field_1,
sub_table_4.field_1,
sub_table_4.field_2
FROM main_table
INNER JOIN sub_table_4 ON sub_table_4.id = main_table.id
INNER JOIN sub_table_2 ON sub_table_2.id = main_table.id
INNER JOIN sub_table_3 ON sub_table_3.id = main_table.id
INNER JOIN sub_table_1 ON sub_table_1.id = main_table.id
WHERE sub_table_4.field_1 = '' AND sub_table_4.field_2 = '0' AND sub_table_2.field_1 != ''
The query works, the problem I have is sub_table_1 has a revision number (int 11). Currently I get duplicate records with different revision numbers and different versions of sub_table_1.field_1 which is to be expected, but I want to limit the result set to only include results limited by the latest revision number, giving me only the latest sub_table_1_field_1 and I really can not figure it out!
Can anybody lend me a hand?
Many Thanks.
It's always important to remember that a JOIN can be on a subquery as well as a table. You could build a subquery that returns the results you want to see then, once you've got the data you want, join it in the parent query.
It's hard to 'tailor' an answer that's specific to you problem, as it's too obfuscated (as you admit) to know what the data and tables really look like, but as an example:
Say table1 has four fields: id, revision_no, name and stuff. You want to return a distinct list of name values, with their latest version of stuff (which, we'll pretend varies by revision). You could do this in isolation as:
select t.* from table1 t
inner join
(SELECT name, max(revision_no) maxr
FROM table1
GROUP BY name) mx
on mx.name = t.name
and mx.maxr = t.revision_no;
(Note: see fiddle at the end)
That would return each individual name with the latest revision of stuff.
Once you've got that nailed down, you could then swap out
INNER JOIN sub_table_1 ON sub_table_1.id = main_table.id
....with....
INNER JOIN (select t.* from table1 t
inner join
(SELECT name, max(revision_no) maxr
FROM table1
GROUP BY name) mx
on mx.name = t.name
and mx.maxr = t.revision_no) sub_table_1
ON sub_table_1.id = main_table.id
...which would allow a join with a recordset that is more tailored to that which you want to join (again, don't get hung up on the actual query I've used, it's just there to demonstrate the method).
There may well be more elegant ways to achieve this, but it's sometimes good to start with a simple solution that's easier to replicate, then simplify it once you've got the general understanding of the what and why nailed down.
Hope that helps - as I say, it's as specific as I could offer without having an idea of the real data you're using.
(for the sake of reference, here is a fiddle with a working version of the above example query)
In your case where you only need one column from the table, make this a subquery in your select clause instead of than a join. You get the latest revision by ordering by revision number descending and limiting the result to one row.
SELECT
main_table.id,
(
select sub_table_1.field_1
from sub_table_1
where sub_table_1.id = main_table.id
order by revision_number desc
limit 1
) as sub_table_1_field_1,
main_table.field_1,
...
FROM main_table
INNER JOIN sub_table_4 ON sub_table_4.id = main_table.id
INNER JOIN sub_table_2 ON sub_table_2.id = main_table.id
INNER JOIN sub_table_3 ON sub_table_3.id = main_table.id
WHERE sub_table_4.field_1 = ''
AND sub_table_4.field_2 = '0'
AND sub_table_2.field_1 != '';

Join another table in this sql query

I'm using this one to get related softwares based on their keywords. Now I want to add one more condition that is in another table called software_status having software_id. I found this query on SO, so I can't understand it and can't edit it further.
SELECT softwares.*, count(DISTINCT similar.kid) as shared_tags
FROM softwares
INNER JOIN ( keywords_softwares AS this_software INNER JOIN keywords_softwares AS similar USING (kid) ) ON similar.sid = softwares.id
WHERE this_software.sid=:id
AND softwares.id != this_software.sid
AND (softwares.subcategory = :subcatid or softwares.category = :catid)
GROUP BY softwares.id
ORDER BY shared_tags DESC LIMIT 10

Creating a subquery in Access

I am attempting to create a subquery in Access but I am receiving an error stating that one record can be returned by this subquery. I am wanting to find the top 10 companies that have the most pets then I want to know the name of those pets. I have never created a subquery before so I am not sure where I am going wrong. Here is what I have:
SELECT TOP 10 dbo_tGovenrnmentRegulatoryAgency.GovernmentRegulatoryAgency
(SELECT dbo_tPet.Pet
FROM dbo_tPet)
FROM dbo_tPet INNER JOIN dbo_tGovenrnmentRegulatoryAgency ON
dbo_tPet.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID =
dbo_tGovenrnmentRegulatoryAgency.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID
GROUP BY dbo_tGovenrnmentRegulatoryAgency.GovernmentRegulatoryAgency
ORDER BY Count(dbo_tPet.PetID) DESC;
Consider this solution, requiring a subquery in the WHERE IN () clause:
SELECT t1.GovernmentRegulatoryAgency, dbo_tPet.Pet,
FROM dbo_tPet
INNER JOIN dbo_tGovenrnmentRegulatoryAgency t1 ON
dbo_tPet.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID = t1.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID
WHERE t1.GovernmentRegulatoryAgency IN
(SELECT TOP 10 t2.GovernmentRegulatoryAgency
FROM dbo_tPet
INNER JOIN dbo_tGovenrnmentRegulatoryAgency t2 ON
dbo_tPet.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID = t2.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID
GROUP BY t2.GovernmentRegulatoryAgency
ORDER BY Count(dbo_tPet.Pet) DESC);
Table aliases are not needed but I include them for demonstration.
This should hopefully do it:
SELECT a.GovernmentRegulatoryAgency, t.NumOfPets
FROM dbo_tGovenrnmentRegulatoryAgency a
INNER JOIN (
SELECT TOP 10 p.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID, COUNT(p.PetID) AS NumOfPets
FROM dbo_tPet p
GROUP BY p.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID
ORDER BY COUNT(p.PetID) DESC
) t
ON a.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID = t.GovernmentRegulatoryAgencyID
In a nutshell, first get the nested query sorted, identifying what the relevant agencies are, then inner join back to the agency table to get the detail of the agencies so picked.

GROUP BY not sorting properly when using joins

I want to see only one record from the joined table fr_movements with the newest sched_date yet I am always getting the oldedst sched_date. Since the ORDER BY sorts by the sched_date and I am grouping by the people.ID I am getting only one record from fr_movements as expected, just the wrong one.
SELECT `fr_movements`.`ID`, fr_movements_list.movement_type,
fr_movements.sched_date, fr_movements.comp_date, people.firstname, people.lastname
FROM fr_movements
LEFT JOIN people ON people.ID = fr_movements.`people_id`
LEFT JOIN fr_movements_list ON (fr_movements.move_type_id = fr_movements_list.ID)
WHERE fr_movements.org_id = 25 AND fr_movements.move_type_id IN (54,53,52,51,50,55)
GROUP BY people.ID
ORDER BY people.org_name, fr_movements.sched_date ASC
Anybody know how to do this properly?
as #bluefeet mentioned
you are using GROUP BY incorrectly. GROUP BY is supposed to be used with an aggregate function
You need to put all columns after GROUP BY, but it is complicated. I think DISTINCT might help you. like this:
SELECT *
FROM
(
SELECT DISTINCT people.org_name, `fr_movements`.`ID`, fr_movements_list.movement_type,
fr_movements.sched_date, fr_movements.comp_date, people.firstname, people.lastname
FROM fr_movements
LEFT JOIN people ON people.ID = fr_movements.`people_id`
LEFT JOIN fr_movements_list ON (fr_movements.move_type_id = fr_movements_list.ID)
WHERE fr_movements.org_id = 25
AND fr_movements.move_type_id IN (54,53,52,51,50,55)
) x
ORDER BY org_name, sched_date ASC
If not works, would you post your data & schema into sqlfiddle? That makes us happy.

MySQL - Operand should contain 1 column(s)

While working on a system I'm creating, I attempted to use the following query in my project:
SELECT
topics.id,
topics.name,
topics.post_count,
topics.view_count,
COUNT( posts.solved_post ) AS solved_post,
(SELECT users.username AS posted_by,
users.id AS posted_by_id
FROM users
WHERE users.id = posts.posted_by)
FROM topics
LEFT OUTER JOIN posts ON posts.topic_id = topics.id
WHERE topics.cat_id = :cat
GROUP BY topics.id
":cat" is bound by my PHP code as I'm using PDO. 2 is a valid value for ":cat".
That query though gives me an error: "#1241 - Operand should contain 1 column(s)"
What stumps me is that I would think that this query would work no problem. Selecting columns, then selecting two more from another table, and continuing on from there. I just can't figure out what the problem is.
Is there a simple fix to this, or another way to write my query?
Your subquery is selecting two columns, while you are using it to project one column (as part of the outer SELECT clause). You can only select one column from such a query in this context.
Consider joining to the users table instead; this will give you more flexibility when selecting what columns you want from users.
SELECT
topics.id,
topics.name,
topics.post_count,
topics.view_count,
COUNT( posts.solved_post ) AS solved_post,
users.username AS posted_by,
users.id AS posted_by_id
FROM topics
LEFT OUTER JOIN posts ON posts.topic_id = topics.id
LEFT OUTER JOIN users ON users.id = posts.posted_by
WHERE topics.cat_id = :cat
GROUP BY topics.id
In my case, the problem was that I sorrounded my columns selection with parenthesis by mistake:
SELECT (p.column1, p.column2, p.column3) FROM table1 p WHERE p.column1 = 1;
And has to be:
SELECT p.column1, p.column2, p.column3 FROM table1 p WHERE p.column1 = 1;
Sounds silly, but it was causing this error and it took some time to figure it out.
This error can also occur if you accidentally use commas instead of AND in the ON clause of a JOIN:
JOIN joined_table ON (joined_table.column = table.column, joined_table.column2 = table.column2)
^
should be AND, not a comma
This error can also occur if you accidentally use = instead of IN in the WHERE clause:
FOR EXAMPLE:
WHERE product_id = (1,2,3);
COUNT( posts.solved_post ) AS solved_post,
(SELECT users.username AS posted_by,
users.id AS posted_by_id
FROM users
WHERE users.id = posts.posted_by)
Well, you can’t get multiple columns from one subquery like that. Luckily, the second column is already posts.posted_by! So:
SELECT
topics.id,
topics.name,
topics.post_count,
topics.view_count,
posts.posted_by
COUNT( posts.solved_post ) AS solved_post,
(SELECT users.username AS posted_by_username
FROM users
WHERE users.id = posts.posted_by)
...
I got this error while executing a MySQL script in an Intellij console, because of adding brackets in the wrong place:
WRONG:
SELECT user.id
FROM user
WHERE id IN (:ids); # Do not put brackets around list argument
RIGHT:
SELECT user.id
FROM user
WHERE id IN :ids; # No brackets is correct
This error can also occur if you accidentally miss if function name.
for example:
set v_filter_value = 100;
select
f_id,
f_sale_value
from
t_seller
where
f_id = 5
and (v_filter_value <> 0, f_sale_value = v_filter_value, true);
Got this problem when I missed putting if in the if function!
Another place this error can happen in is assigning a value that has a comma outside of a string. For example:
SET totalvalue = (IFNULL(i.subtotal,0) + IFNULL(i.tax,0),0)
(SELECT users.username AS posted_by,
users.id AS posted_by_id
FROM users
WHERE users.id = posts.posted_by)
Here you using sub-query but this sub-query must return only one column.
Separate it otherwise it will shows error.
I also have the same issue in making a company database.
this is the code
SELECT FNAME,DNO FROM EMP
WHERE SALARY IN (SELECT MAX(SALARY), DNO
FROM EMP GROUP BY DNO);