I am modifying my CSS3/HTML5 site to work with different Medial Queries.
The site pages are in the Root directory. The CSS files are within a folder in the root directory called css.
Within the HEAD tags of my page, I have one CSS file for the default stuff and then I have another one for iPad in an external CSS file called ipad.css
When I am in the Developer Tools within Google Chrome, it doesn't seem to be applying the rules within the ipad.css file. I know this because I am wanting to change the text size of an element and it is not changing. Nothing is happening.
This is what I have within the HEAD tags:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/default.css" title="Default Styles">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/ipad.css" media="screen and (max-device-width: 768px)" title="iPad Styles">
According to the Google Chrome Developer Tools, an iPad width is 768px. I have referenced this within the link tag. Any ideas or suggestions welcome.
Use max-width: 768px rather than max-device-width: 768px.
Also, remember to specify a viewport meta tag in the head section of your html.
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
Also, you might want to check
What is the difference between max-device-width and max-width for mobile web?
Also, keep in my you're not targeting devices, you're targeting resolutions.
Another possible source of your problem might be that you are using less specific selectors in your ipad.css. Don't forget that the styles from your default.css are also used on resolutions lower than 769px!
To test this, put this css rule on the very top of your ipad.css:
* { display: none !important; }
If your site vanishes then, your stylesheet is loaded and applied.
I tried the max-width as well and the style isn't applying. Even if I change the font-color of the text within the div class (p tag), nothing is happening.
As an example, I have a div class called banner-textoverlay so, in my ipad.css file, I wrote the following to see if it would change the text color and nothing happens at all.
.banner-textoverlay p {
font-color:#000000;
}
I don't want a stylesheet to be loaded on mobile devices, so I used the
<link href="css/animate.css" rel="stylesheet" media="max-width:1000px">
But it doesn't work! It loads the stylesheet anyway on mobile.
Where am I going wrong?
change max-width with min-width
One thing you can try: if you previously loaded the stylesheet on the mobile, try clearing the cache or using a different mobile phone to see what happens.
Other than that i think your code looks right also add type to the tag but i don't think it will change anything: <link href="css/animate.css" rel="stylesheet" media="(max-width:1000px)" type="text/css">
you can also check this question: Loading difference styles depending on screen
I'm creating some print specific styles using the following:
#media print {
/* Styles */
}
As we are using SASS all the styles get compiled into one stylesheet, styles.css at runtime, which is declared in the <head> of the document as follows:
<link rel='stylesheet' href='/assets/css/styles.css'>
Now when I print from chrome (Ctrl+P), it completely ignores my print styles but Firefox (30.0) is fine. IE(11) is terrible but this is because we have a lot of show/hide panels which IE doesn't seem to like/
Can't for the life of me figure out what's happening. If I emulate print media in Chrome then it loads the styles fine, it's when I actually try and print that it doesn't work. I've tried loads of things, adding, media= attributes, double quotes, changing the order of href etc all to no avail!!
Note, we're not using type anymore as I thought you didn't need to use this anymore. I've tried adding this anyway but it still doesn't work!
I've even tried this: http://lawrencenaman.com/optimisation/print-media-queries-not-working/ but it still doesn't work. It's driving me crazy, any ideas?
UPDATE: So I noticed that when I hit Ctrl + P to print the page, the preview that I see seems to use some of the styles from the print stylesheet but seems to render everything using a mobile media query? I think there may be some conflict with a breakpoint, will update when I get a chance.
UPDATE2: I can see that the print stylesheet is loading at the bottom so this should in theory over write all the other media queries (at least the ones that I'm trying to over write)?
I tried to add
#media print {
* {
display:none;
}
}
to one of my sites' style.css: Doesn't work.
Then I added
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/print.css" media="print">
after the other stylesheets into the head and inserted the same rule as above (without #media print {}) to the print.css. Chrome now interprets the rule and does not display anything within the print preview.
I'd assume the problem is using #media print. But I have no idea why chrome behaves like that.
EDIT:
Other Solution via JavaScript:
if(/chrome/i.test(navigator.userAgent) {
document.write('<link rel="stylesheet" href="printChrome.css" media="print">');
}
You can try setting rest of the stylesheets media attribute as
media="screen" and print stylesheet to media="print".
This will prevent browser from applying rules from stylesheets marked as "screen".
Worked for me
I ran into this problem as well and found that it was because of my rendering settings in Chrome. When testing the print preview I had set my emulation media type to be "print". When I went to actually test printing, I set my media emulation to be "screen". I should have set it to be "no emulation". When it was on "screen" the print preview ignored all the print media queries and still treated the page like it was a screen. When I finally set it back to "no emulation" it started behaving as you would expect.
A problem I had was that rel='stylesheet' wasn't set in the print css link. Adding it fixed the problem.
Another way to make this happen: CSS errors ahead of the print styles. Since we all seem to have the impulse to put print styles last they're more vulnerable to this. When CSS has an error it doesn't complain... it just throws away the rest of the stylesheet.
Giving the print styles their own stylesheet--even merely a separate inline tag--can solve this as well as the media-spec'd-in-style-tag error.
I'm having trouble with a print in html, because my background color web-site is black and when window.print() is activated i need the background color switched to white.
How can I do this? considering Time X Work.
I´ve tried to change Css, transform to PDF and others.
I can´t use PHP.
You should be able to do this in a stylesheet with an #media print directive.
You can configure a separate stylesheet for printing. Take a look online at print stylesheets.
E.g. http://www.alistapart.com/articles/goingtoprint/
The key part being
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" href="print.css" />
You can then add this in the print.css stylesheet
body {
background: white;
}
to get rid of the background
Google Maps used to do this bit where when you hit the "Print" link, what would be sent to the printer wasn't exactly what you had on the screen, but rather a differently-formatted version of mostly the same information.
It appears that they've largely moved away from this concept (I guess people didn't understand it) and most websites have a "print version" of things like articles and so forth.
But if you wanted to make a webpage such that a "printer friendly" version of the page is what gets sent to the printer without having to make a separate page for it, how would you do that?
You can achieve this effect by creating a css stylesheet which is targeted directly to printing, and another targeted directly for the screen.
Use the link tag:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="print.css" media="print, handheld" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="screen.css" media="screen" />
to embed your stylesheet into your document.
To hide is easy, just set your block style to hidden in whatever stylesheet you want and it wont be displayed. For example:
.newStyle1 {
display: none;
}
Then anything set to the style of newStyle1 will not be displayed.
The #media rule in CSS can be used to define alternate rules for print.This is often used to hide navigation and change the style to fit print better:
#media print {
.sidebar { display: none; }
}
You can also link a seperate stylesheet for print:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="print.css" type="text/css" media="print" />
You can do this with the css when you specify media as print.
Another way, if desired, is to have the 'print' button on the page change the page in some way that you decide, then perform a javascript 'window.print();' to bring up the browser's print dialog.
There are several options available to you:
You can open a new window with slightly different data to be printed.
There are also CSS styles which you can use to alter the page layout.
Finally you can specify completly different style sheets for screen, printed media, Braille readers etc.
e.g. <link href="css/print.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" />
See also CSS2 Print Reference
Use a print stylesheet.
Edit: Regarding the followup, you can't, in general, add things to a page with CSS.
One option is to include your print-only content in the page, and hide it for screen stylesheets. You should make sure that the page still makes sense without CSS though.
Another option is to use generated content, but this isn't supported by Internet Explorer 7 and below, and can be quite limited.
If the print-only content is an image, you can swap that out using one of the popular image replacement techniques.
The easiest way is to use CSS media types. For each CSS file you include, you can specify where it ought to be used: on-screen, when printing, for handhelds, for screen-readers, or various combinations of these.
Example: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print, handheld" href="foo.css">
This has been a standard since CSS2, and most browsers support it now. More information is available here: http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/media.html
CSS allows you to create stylesheets for particular types of media, meaning that you can have a stylesheet that only applies when you're printing a page, allowing you to cause it to be formatted differently.
Just include a media="print" attribute on your stylesheet link for that stylesheet.
This A List Apart article seems to be quite good on the subject.
I tried using different style sheets based on the media, but I ran into trouble getting all the options I needed in. Since then I usually redirect to a different entrance of our (Fusebox) framework (i.e. print.php in stead of index.php) which in essence is the same file except it sets an extra flag/constant.
In the XSL file associated with the page I then do additional work based on that flag/constant like leaving out the menu, columns of a table etc.
i.e. (Page shows a link that the user has to click to display the password on the screen. The print version has the password printed.)
if (!BOOL_PRINT)
echo "<TD class=\"tbl_teams_scroll_item\"><SPAN class=\"span_password_hidden\" id=\"span_password_{\$team_id}\" onClick=\"RevealPassword('{\$team_id}','{\$password}');\"><xsl:value-of select=\"/PAGE/TEXTS/HIDDEN\" /></SPAN></TD>\n";
else
echo "TD class=\"tbl_teams_scroll_item\"><xsl:value-of select=\"PASSWORD\" /></TD>\n";
You can define css rules that are specific to a media type. The following is a css example (copied from http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/media.html, section 7.2.1) that specifies different font sizes what gets displayed on a web page and what gets printed.
#media print {
BODY { font-size: 10pt }
}
#media screen {
BODY { font-size: 12pt }
}
#media screen, print {
BODY { line-height: 1.2 }
}
Alternatively, you can specify what media a stylesheet should be applied to when including it in a page:
<link href="webstyles.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen"/>
<link href="printstyles.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="print"/>
<link href="commonstyles.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen,print"/>
Yet another option is to have a hidden IFRAME that you call iframe.contentWindow.print() on. That will allow you to create an invisible layout that prints exactly as you want it to.
Of course, an even better solution is to export the file to a PDF and let the user print it out that way. PDFs produce the highest quality output, period. However, it is one more hoop for the user to jump through, so the rule of thumb is:
PDFs for when the print layout matters
HTML for when the pure text is more important than the layout
Anything you can do with CSS you can do in a print stylesheet. This means you can hide content in the print version which is shown in the screen version or hide content in the screen version which you want to show up when printing.All you do is apply display:none to the appropriate sections in the appropriate stylesheet.
Also it is a good idea to size your text in points for the print version (which is a bad idea for the screen version - stick to pixels, ems or percentages here). There is universal agreement as to what printed point sizes are where as mappings of pixels to points will vary with different resolution devices.
nsayer mentions having a print button change the layout of your screen and then kicking off a window.print()
This is a solution that will probably have been overlooked by a lot of people and should be considered when you think your users want a little more of a WYSIWYG. It should probably be a "printer friendly" link though that changes the media type of your sheet sheets rather than "print this".
Using jquery, you could do something like this (not checked):
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#printFriendly").click(function(){
$(link[rel=link][media=screen]).remove();
$(link[rel=link][media=print]).attr("media","screen");
});
});