My Button is not Defined even though I made the object? - pygame

Question

I'm receving a button_01 is not defined error. I have a button class which defines how my button is made, and some of the specific functions of it, like defMouseButtonDown. I also a scenes class which organizes my events.
I called mouseButtonDown(button_01) in the processInput of my titleScreen and I had already created the object in the render of my titleScreen. How can I fix this?
import pygame
import os
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
GREY = (200, 200, 200)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 400))
###############################
class Button():
def __init__(self, txt, location, action, bg=WHITE, fg=BLACK, size=(80, 30), font_name="Segoe Print", font_size=16):
self.color = bg # the static (normal) color
self.bg = bg # actual background color, can change on mouseover
self.fg = fg # text color
self.size = size
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(font_name, font_size)
self.txt = txt
self.txt_surf = self.font.render(self.txt, 1, self.fg)
self.txt_rect = self.txt_surf.get_rect(center=[s//2 for s in self.size])
self.surface = pygame.surface.Surface(size)
self.rect = self.surface.get_rect(center=location)
self.call_back_ = action
def draw(self):
self.mouseover()
self.surface.fill(self.bg)
self.surface.blit(self.txt_surf, self.txt_rect)
screen.blit(self.surface, self.rect)
def mouseover(self):
self.bg = self.color
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if self.rect.collidepoint(pos):
self.bg = GREY # mouseover color
def call_back(self):
self.call_back_()
def my_great_function():
print("Great! " * 5)
def my_fantastic_function():
print("Fantastic! " * 4)
def mousebuttondown(button):
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
#for button in buttons:
#if button.rect.collidepoint(pos):
#button.call_back()
if button.rect.collidepoint(pos):
button.call_back()
#########################
class SceneBase:
def __init__(self):
self.next = self
def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys):
print("uh-oh, you didn't override this in the child class")
def Update(self):
print("uh-oh, you didn't override this in the child class")
def Render(self, screen):
print("uh-oh, you didn't override this in the child class")
def SwitchToScene(self, next_scene):
self.next = next_scene
def Terminate(self):
self.SwitchToScene(None)
def run_game(width, height, fps, starting_scene):
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
active_scene = starting_scene
while active_scene != None:
pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
# Event filtering
filtered_events = []
for event in pygame.event.get():
quit_attempt = False
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
quit_attempt = True
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
alt_pressed = pressed_keys[pygame.K_LALT] or \
pressed_keys[pygame.K_RALT]
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
quit_attempt = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_F4 and alt_pressed:
quit_attempt = True
if quit_attempt:
active_scene.Terminate()
else:
filtered_events.append(event)
active_scene.ProcessInput(filtered_events, pressed_keys)
active_scene.Update()
active_scene.Render(screen)
active_scene = active_scene.next
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(fps)
# The rest is code where you implement your game using the Scenes model
class TitleScene(SceneBase):
def __init__(self):
SceneBase.__init__(self)
def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys):
for event in events:
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
# Move to the next scene when the user pressed Enter
self.SwitchToScene(GameScene())
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
print("You are hitting up!")
print(self.next)
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mousebuttondown(button_01)
def Update(self):
pass
def Render(self, screen):
# For the sake of brevity, the title scene is a blank red screen
screen.fill((255, 0, 0))
#Title Creation
myfont = pygame.font.SysFont(("Moyko"), 50)
textImage = myfont.render("Anime Pong", True, (0, 255, 0))
screen.blit(textImage, (100,100))
#Button Creation
button_01 = Button("Great!", (60, 30), my_great_function)
button_01.draw()
def my_great_function():
print("Great! " * 5)
def my_fantastic_function():
print("Fantastic! " * 4)
class GameScene(SceneBase):
def __init__(self):
SceneBase.__init__(self)
def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys):
pass
def Update(self):
pass
def Render(self, screen):
# The game scene is just a blank blue screen
screen.fill((0, 0, 255))
run_game(800, 400, 60, TitleScene())

Answer 1

You're creating the button_01 instance in the Render method as a local variable and that means the ProcessInput method has no access to this variable. You should create the button instance in the __init__ method self.button_01 = Button("Great!", (60, 30), my_great_function), so that all other methods have access to this attribute.
class TitleScene(SceneBase):
def __init__(self):
SceneBase.__init__(self)
# Create the button and the font instance here.
self.button_01 = Button("Great!", (60, 30), my_great_function)
self.myfont = pygame.font.SysFont("Moyko", 50)
def ProcessInput(self, events, pressed_keys):
for event in events:
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
self.SwitchToScene(GameScene())
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
print("You are hitting up!")
print(self.next)
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mousebuttondown(self.button_01)
def Update(self):
pass
def Render(self, screen):
screen.fill((100, 0, 0))
textImage = self.myfont.render("Anime Pong", True, (0, 255, 0))
screen.blit(textImage, (100,100))
# Just draw the button here
self.button_01.draw()
I also had to move the pygame.init() call to the top of the program (below the imports), because something went wrong with the font initialization.