Cannot add foreign key restraint error in MySQL? - mysql

Question

I keep getting the same error in MySQL and i'm not sure what I missing here.
I am very new to working with MySQL, so I am not sure if I need to add a constraint maybe? If I do not need a constraint, is there another way to go about defining the relationships? Below is my syntax:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `art`;
CREATE TABLE `art` (
`art_id` INT NOT NULL,
`art_name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
`artist_id` INT(11) NULL,
`location_id` INT(11) NULL,
`employee_id` INT(11) NULL,
`art_received` DATE NULL,
primary key (`art_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`artist_id`) REFERENCES artist(`artist_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`location_id`) REFERENCES location(`location_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`employee_id`) REFERENCES employee(`employee_id`)
);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
CREATE TABLE `employee` (
`employee_id` int(11),
`employee_userid` varchar(45),
`employee_fname` varchar(45),
`employee_lname` varchar(45),
`employee_phone` varchar (10),
primary key (`employee_id`)
);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `artist`;
CREATE TABLE `artist` (
`artist_id` int(11),
`artist_first` varchar(45),
`artist_last` varchar(45),
`artwork_title` varchar(45),
primary key (`artist_id`)
);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `location`;
CREATE TABLE `location` (
`location_id` int(11),
`location_name` varchar(45),
`start_date` date,
`end_date` date,
primary key (`location_id`)
);

Answer 1

simply switch the order of which table gets created first. when you created
table art the other three table still have not be created so it doesn't know what artist(artist_id),location(location_id),employee(employee_id)
are.
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `employee`;
CREATE TABLE `employee` (
`employee_id` int(11),
`employee_userid` varchar(45),
`employee_fname` varchar(45),
`employee_lname` varchar(45),
`employee_phone` varchar (10),
primary key (`employee_id`)
);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS artist;
CREATE TABLE `artist` (
`artist_id` int(11),
`artist_first` varchar(45),
`artist_last` varchar(45),
`artwork_title` varchar(45),
primary key (`artist_id`)
);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `location`;
CREATE TABLE `location` (
`location_id` int(11),
`location_name` varchar(45),
`start_date` date,
`end_date` date,
primary key (`location_id`)
);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `art`;
CREATE TABLE `art` (
`art_id` INT NOT NULL,
`art_name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
`artist_id` int(11) NULL,
`location_id` int(11) NULL,
`employee_id` int(11) NULL,
`art_received` DATE NULL,
primary key (`art_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`artist_id`) REFERENCES artist(`artist_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`location_id`) REFERENCES location(`location_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`employee_id`) REFERENCES employee(`employee_id`)
);
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