Unable to change a state variable in a contract - ethereum

Question

I am developing an Ethereum contract using Truffle and TestRPC. But I am unable to get a state variable to update. I think it might just be that I'm accessing it too early, but other example tests seem to work just fine and are very similar.
I have reduced my contract down to the simplest possible thing that breaks:
pragma solidity ^0.4.11;
contract Adder {
uint public total;
function add(uint amount) {
total += amount;
}
function getTotal() returns(uint){
return total;
}
}
And this is my test:
var Adder = artifacts.require("./Adder.sol");
contract('Adder', accounts => {
it("should start with 0", () =>
Adder.deployed()
.then(instance => instance.getTotal.call())
.then(total => assert.equal(total.toNumber(), 0))
);
it("should increase the total as amounts are added", () =>
Adder.deployed()
.then(instance => instance.add.call(10)
.then(() => instance.getTotal.call())
.then(total => assert.equal(total.toNumber(), 10))
)
);
});
The first test passes ok. But the second test fails because getTotal is still returning 0.

Answer 1

I believe that the issue is that you are always using the .call() method.
This method will, in fact, execute the code but will not save to the blockchain.
You should use the .call() method, only when reading from the blockchain or testing for throws.
Just remove the .call() in the adding function and it should work.
var Adder = artifacts.require("./Adder.sol");
contract('Adder', accounts => {
it("should start with 0", () =>
Adder.deployed()
.then(instance => instance.getTotal.call())
.then(total => assert.equal(total.toNumber(), 0))
);
it("should increase the total as amounts are added", () =>
Adder.deployed()
.then(instance => instance.add(10)
.then(() => instance.getTotal.call())
.then(total => assert.equal(total.toNumber(), 10))
)
);
});
Also, consider declaring the instance variable outside the chain of functions of the promise since the context is not shared. Consider using async/await for tests instead of promises.
var Adder = artifacts.require("./Adder.sol");
contract('Adder', accounts => {
it("should start with 0", async () => {
let instance = await Adder.deployed();
assert.equal((await instance.getTotal.call()).toNumber(), 0);
});
it("should increase the total as amounts are added", async () => {
let instance = await Adder.deployed();
await instance.add(10);
assert.equal((await instance.getTotal.call()).toNumber(), 10);
});
});