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I found this reset.css file inside a jquery image slider demo, but it was never included in the main index.html file. what is is suppose to do, and more importantly, where do you put it? Do you put it before any referenced stylesheets()?
Here is the code inside reset.css
/* CSS reset */
body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,td {
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
html,body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
table {
border-collapse:collapse;
border-spacing:0;
}
fieldset,img {
border:0;
}
input{
border:1px solid #b0b0b0;
padding:3px 5px 4px;
color:#979797;
width:190px;
}
address,caption,cite,code,dfn,th,var {
font-style:normal;
font-weight:normal;
}
ol,ul {
list-style:none;
}
caption,th {
text-align:left;
}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
font-size:100%;
font-weight:normal;
}
q:before,q:after {
content:'';
}
abbr,acronym { border:0;
}
In the beginning, there was no standardisation on how styles worked, each browser implemented what it felt was right. One of the reasons you see so many questions about style errors in IE is because IE was the browser with the most dissimilarities from other browsers in terms of styling. Though IE has improved and so have other browsers they still apply their own borders, padding and margins, zoom, fonts to elements to give their own unique feel to pages. One example is, chrome gives its own yellow borders to text boxes. The "reset" actually "resets" all these styles to zero/none, so that you don't see any styles you haven't applied to your page.
If these styles are not "reset", you will see unwanted styles/effects and things breaking. Its generally recommended to "reset" the browser's styles.
Have a look at this article Should you Reset Your CSS?
reset.css is used to normalize browser's default styles.
Example:
Looking at the answers here there seems to be a bit of mixup between "reset" and "normalize". Their goals are slightly different.
A CSS reset is a set of styles you load prior to your other styles, to remove browser built-in styles. One of first and most popular ones was Eric Mayer's Reset CSS.
Another option is to harmonize browser built-in styles. The most popular tool to achieve this is currently Normalize.css.
Browser have different "built-in" styles which they apply to different html-elements. These styledefinitions may vary accross different browsers. The normalizing css files are meant to „normalize“ the rendering of the page across browsers by resetting these browser-specific styes.
You have to include it before your own style definitions. Otherwise these styles would possibly override (due to the cascading nature of css) your declarations too, which wouldn't make much sense;)
The most popular styles reset is probably Eric Meyer's which comes along with a little background information..
Browsers may render the HTML and CSS received according to its native rendering engine. Different browsers may use different rendering approaches [IE ;) if you know what i mean] so the intension of reset.css is to set all the attributes to common predefined values so the developers/ designers are can forget some rendering engine and start development from the scratch.
A CSS Reset (or “Reset CSS”) is a short, often compressed (minified)
set of CSS rules that resets the styling of all HTML elements to a
consistent baseline.
In case you didn’t know, every browser has its own default ‘user
agent’ stylesheet, that it uses to make unstyled websites appear more
legible. For example, most browsers by default make links blue and
visited links purple, give tables a certain amount of border and
padding, apply variable font-sizes to H1, H2, H3 etc. and a certain
amount of padding to almost everything. Ever wondered why Submit
buttons look different in every browser?
Obviously this creates a certain amount of headaches for CSS authors,
who can’t work out how to make their websites look the same in every
browser.
Using a CSS Reset, CSS authors can force every browser to have all its
styles reset to null, thus avoiding cross-browser differences as much
as possible
refer http://www.cssreset.com/what-is-a-css-reset/
Every browser has its own default user agent stylesheet, that it uses to make unstyled websites appear more legible. For example, most browsers by default make links blue and visited links purple, give tables a certain amount of border and padding, apply variable font-sizes to H1, H2, H3, etc. and a certain amount of padding to almost everything.
Ever wondered why Submit buttons look different in every browser?
Obviously this creates a certain amount of headaches for CSS authors, who can’t work out how to make their websites look the same in every browser.
Using a CSS Reset, CSS authors can force every browser to have all its styles reset to null, thus avoiding cross-browser differences as much as possible.
From the consistent base that you’ve set up via your reset, you can then go on to re-style your document, safe in the knowledge that the browsers’ differences in their default rendering of HTML can’t touch you!
Hopefully it helped, you may want to take a look at this article, Which CSS Reset Should I Use?.
In simple words CSS reset is required due to browsers’ inconsistency. In detail all browsers rendering are not the same. Therefore web rendering could be different from browser to browser.
Meyer Web providing a utmost CSS reset code if you're want to use/reset. You can find it here. If you need more details, here also you can find out what CSS reset in more details and why we need to use it.
I'm trying to create a website via semantic-ui, and my editor is Sublime Text 2, and my virtual server ix XAMPP.
I need to use a custom font for whole body text.
i have created a main.css file (which is linked in head of course), and i have put the fontface like this:
#font-face {
font-family: "Dinar One Medium_MRT";
src:url('../fonts/Dinar One Medium_MRT.ttf') format('truetype');
}
i have created another snippet called body and it's like:
body{
font-family:'Dinar One Medium_MRT';
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
but when i run the website, my font isn't applied to texts. i have tried many things but didn't work.
i appreciate any help.
tnx for your time!
Following are the generic approaches that can help you to resolve this issue:
a. First check whether semantic-ui.css files load before your custom css file. Your custom css file must load after semantic to have higher precedence.
b. Font property is an inheritable CSS property. It means that if you have applied it on the body tag then all the html elements will inherit it from body tag provided no intermediate element have different value of font-family property specified. Make sure that no such element exists in your DOM. Also, your font-file should show up in the network tab with 200 status.
c. Calculate the specificity of the font family property of the elements. Sometimes, we do not get expected results even after downloading of the new fonts because our font-family has lower specificity(precedence).
Since you want to override all the font in the body, you just need to use the site.overrides file alongside the site.variables file located in src/site/globals
In the site.variables, set the #fontname variable
#fontName : fontname;
In the site.overrides file, insert your #font-face css rule
#font-face {
font-family: fontname;
src:url('/link/to/font/fontname.ttf');
}
You of course need to have gulp-watch running in node.js and save these changes
I'm working on a web page in Google Chrome. It displays correctly with the following styles.
table {
display: table;
border-collapse: separate;
border-spacing: 2px;
border-color: gray;
}
It is important to note that I didn't define these styles. In Chrome developer tools, it says user agent stylesheet in place of the CSS file name.
Now if I submit a form and some validation error occurs, I get the following stylesheet:
table {
white-space: normal;
line-height: normal;
font-weight: normal;
font-size: medium;
font-variant: normal;
font-style: normal;
color: -webkit-text;
text-align: -webkit-auto;
}
table {
display: table;
border-collapse: separate;
border-spacing: 2px;
border-color: gray;
}
The font-size from these new styles is disturbing my design. Is there a way to force my stylesheets and if possible, completely overwrite Chrome's default stylesheet?
What are the target browsers? Different browsers set different default CSS rules. Try including a CSS reset, such as the meyerweb CSS reset or normalize.css, to remove those defaults. Google "CSS reset vs normalize" to see the differences.
If <!DOCTYPE> is missing in your HTML content you may experience that the browser gives preference to the "user agent stylesheet" over your custom stylesheet. Adding the doctype fixes this.
Regarding the concept “user agent style sheet”, consult section Cascade in the CSS 2.1 spec.
User agent style sheets are overridden by anything that you set in your own style sheet. They are just the rock bottom: in the absence of any style sheets provided by the page or by the user, the browser still has to render the content somehow, and the user agent style sheet just describes this.
So if you think you have a problem with a user agent style sheet, then you really have a problem with your markup, or your style sheet, or both (about which you wrote nothing).
Marking the document as HTML5 by the proper doctype on the first line, solved my issue.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>...
A user agent style sheet is a ”default style sheet” provided by the browser (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Edge, etc.) in order to present the page in a way that satisfies ”general presentation expectations.” For example, a default style sheet would provide base styles for things like font size, borders, and spacing between elements.
It is also common to use a CSS Reset to normalize or remove inconsistencies between browsers due to differences between which base styles are applied by each browser.
From the specification...
A user agent's default style sheet should present the elements of the document language in ways that satisfy general presentation expectations for the document language. ~ The Cascade.
For more information about user agents in general, see user agent.
Answering the question in title, what is the user agent stylesheet, the set of default styles in the browser: Here are some of them:
Chromium (Chrome): https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/third_party/+/master/blink/renderer/core/html/resources/html.css
WebKit (Safari): https://trac.webkit.org/browser/trunk/Source/WebCore/css/html.css
Gecko (Firefox): https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/layout/style/res/html.css
Serenity: https://github.com/SerenityOS/serenity/blob/master/Userland/Libraries/LibWeb/CSS/Default.css#L4
Mozilla Servo: https://github.com/servo/servo/blob/master/resources/user-agent.css#L9
Personal opinion: Don't fight with them. They have good default values, for example, in rtl/bidi cases and are consistent nowadays. Reset what you see irrelevant to you, not all of them at once.
Define the values that you don't want to be used from Chrome's user agent style in your own CSS content.
Some browsers use their own way to read .css files.
So the right way to beat this:
If you type the command line directly in the .html source code, this beats the .css file, in that way, you told the browser directly what to do and the browser is at position not to read the commands from the .css file.
Remember that the commands writen in the .html file is stronger than the command in the .css.
I had the same problem as one of my <div>'s had the margin set by the browser. It was quite annoying but then I figured out as most of the people said, it's a markup error.
I went back and checked my <head> section and my CSS link was like below:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="ex.css">
I included type in it and made it like below:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="ex.css">
My problem was solved.
I just wanted to expand on the response from #BenM based on what I read here from Ire Aderinokun. Because the user-agent stylesheet provides helpful default styling, think twice before overriding it.
I had a dumb error where a button element didn't look right in Chrome. I had partially styled it because I didn't want it to look like a traditional button. However, I left out style elements like border, border-color, etc. So Chrome was stepping in to supply the parts that it thought I was missing.
The problem went away once I added styles like border: none, etc.
So if anyone else is having this problem, make sure you are explicitly overriding all the applicable default user-agent styles for an element if you notice it looks wonky, especially if you don't want to reset the user agent styles completely. It worked for me.
Each browser provides a default stylesheet, called the user agent stylesheet, in case an HTML file does not specify one. Styles that you specify override the defaults.
Because you have not specified values for the table element’s box, the default styles have been applied.
I ran into this same issue, it was because I was working with non-semantic html
<!--incorrect-->
<ul class="my-custom-font">
<button>
<a>user agent styles applied instead of my-custom-font</a>
<button>
</ul>
<!--correct-->
<ul class="my-custom-font">
<li>
<a>now inherits from from my-custom-font</a>
</li>
</ul>
Once the HTML was updated, styles were applied correctly
Every browser will have a rendering engine responsible for converting HTML document to web page.
The rendering engine will have a stylesheet of its own for all the HTML elements, a kind of default stylesheet for all the HTML elements and this stylesheet is called user agent stylesheet.
The rules of user agent stylesheet can be overwritten by author stylesheet.
The rendering engine for google chrome browser is called 𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐤. And if you look through its source code you will be able to find the default stylesheet.
check this https://www.linkedin.com/posts/smruti-sagar-pattanaik-a3a000195_html-css-chrome-activity-7027888128115847168-USil?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop
I have a solution. Check this:
Error
<link href="assets/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="text/css" type="stylesheet">
Correct
<link href="assets/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
Put the following code in your CSS file:
table {
font-size: inherit;
}
I've got this html:
<p>
<span class="fancify">Parting is such sweet sorrow!</span><span> - Bill Rattleandrollspeer</span>
</p>
...and this css (added to the bottom of Site.css):
.fancify {
font-size: 1.5em;
font-weight: 800;
font-family: Consolas, "Segoe UI", Calibri, sans-serif;
font-style: italic;
}
So, I would expect the quote ("Parting is such sweet sorrow!") to be italicized, and of a different font than the name of the quotee (Bill Rattleandrollspeer), since its span tag has the class "fancify" attached to it. The class should certainly be seen, as the file in which it appears references the layout file which uses the Site.css file.
What rookie mistake am I making now?
UPDATE
I thought maybe the problem was that I had added the new class in Site.css following this section in that file:
/********************
* Mobile Styles *
********************/
#media only screen and (max-width: 850px) {
...but I moved it above there, and it is still not working, and not seen via F12 | Inspect element for the label in question.
I moved the reference to Site.css below the bootstrap.css file, which does indeed change the appearance of that text, but still not italicized, and still not seen in the element inspector...
UPDATE 2
Here's how the HTML is coming down:
<p>
<span>
<label class="fancify">Parting is such sweet sorrow!</label>
...and here's my css rule in Site.css:
p span label .fancify {
font-size: 1.5em;
font-weight: 800;
font-family: Consolas, "Segoe UI", Calibri, sans-serif;
font-style: italic;
display: inline;
}
...but it's not being recognized. I consider this a breech of css/html protocol, and should be adjudicated by some world body. Then again, I could be making some silly mistake somewhere.
There could be an error earlier in the CSS file that is causing your (correct) CSS to not work.
Have you tried forcing the selectors to be in the front of the class?
p span label.fancify {
font-size: 1.5em;
font-weight: 800;
font-family: Consolas, "Segoe UI", Calibri, sans-serif;
font-style: italic;
}
Usually it will add more weight to your CSS declaration.
My mistake ... There should be no space between the selector and the class.
The same goes for the ID. If you have for example:
<div id="first">
<p id="myParagraph">Hello <span class="bolder">World</span></p>
</div>
You would style it like this:
div#first p#myParagraph {
color : #ff0000;
}
Just to make a complete example using a class:
div#first p#myParagraph span.bolder{
font-weight:900;
}
For more information about pseudo-selectors and child selectors : http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/selector.html
CSS is a whole science :) Beware that some browsers can have incompatibilities and will not show you the proper results. For more information check this site: http://www.caniuse.com/
Posting, since it might be useful for someone in the future:
For me, when I got here, the solution was browser cache. Had to hard refresh Chrome (cmd/ctrl+shift+R) to get the new styles applied, it seems the old ones got cached really "deep".
This question/answer might come in handy for someone. And hard refresh tips for different browsers for those who don't use Chrome.
I was going out of my mind when a rule was being ignored while others weren't. Run your CSS through a validator and look for parsing errors.
I accidentally used // for a comment instead of /* */ causing odd behavior. My IDE said nothing about it. I hope it helps someone.
Maybe your span is inheriting a style that forces its text to be normal instead of italic as you would like it. If you just can't get it to work as you want it to you might try marking your font-style as important.
.fancify {
font-size: 1.5em;
font-weight: 800;
font-family: Consolas, "Segoe UI", Calibri, sans-serif;
font-style: italic !important;
}
However try not to overuse important because it's easy to fall into CSS-hell with it.
For me, the problem was incorrect content type of the served .css file (if it included certain unicode characters).
Changing the content-type to text/css solved the problem.
I know this is an old post but I thought I might add a thought for people who come across a similar problem. I'm assuming that you are using ASP.NET MVC since you mentioned site.css. Check your Bundles.config file to see if you have BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true; If you don't, then it can be your problem since this allows the program to be bundles and "minified". Depending on if you run in debug mode or not this could have an effect.
In addition to the solutions posted above, having gone through the exact same problem, make sure you check your HTML. More specifically whether you've properly labelled your elements, as well as class and id selectors. You can do this either manually or through a validator (https://validator.w3.org/).
For me, I missed the equal sign next to the class (<div class someDiv> vs <div class = "someDiv">, hence why no CSS property was applied.
I had a similar problem which was caused by a simple mistake in CSS comments.
I had written a comment using the JavaScript // way instead of /* */ which made the subsequent css-class to break but all other CSS work as expected.
Reasoning for my CSS styles not being applied, even though they were being loaded:
The media attribute on the link tag which was loading the stylesheet had an incorrect value. I had inadvertently set it to 1 instead of all. This meant the browser was ignoring those styles in that linked stylesheet.
Broken:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" media="1" />
Corrected:
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" media="all" />
For me, it was the local overrides in Sources -> Overrides.
A file gets saved locally whenever you change the styling of a page and chrome uses that file to override the server's css.
Clear the cache and cookies and restart the browser .As the style is not suppose to change frequently for a website browser kinda store it .
I also faced this issue. And this how it got resolved!
My css filename was gt.css. I was working on Visual Studio (eg.2017).
I went to solution explorer (press Ctrl+Alt+L) and searched gt.css
(enter your css filename). Right click on your css filename and then
on Bundler and Minifier (4th option curently) and then Re-Bundle file
(or directly press Shift+Alt+F).
Save any unsaved file, then empty cache and hard reload your web browser.
You can learn more about Bundler and Minifier here.
I had custom styling applied only on some elements (rows of table). I use Bootstrap. This was caused by having "table-striped" class. Once removed, all required rows had the custom class applied correctly.
A key point, here, may be the way the CSS rules propagate. Some rules are more important than others, so CSS rules do not always "cascade" in the way you might imagine that they ought to. This precedence of CSS rules is known as specificity - see (for example) description at w3schools.com
So, if you have a P element inside a DIV, you can control the font color with, say,
DIV P.highlight { color: red; }
If you have a later CSS instruction, like
.highlight { color: green; }
then it will NOT override the earlier instruction. This has confused me greatly, especially when loading multiple CSS files and naively thinking that I could override the earlier CSS.
I'm too used to setting the className attribute in JSX with React, but not too used to setting the class attribute in plain old HTML. So my mistake when spinning up a quick CodePen was setting a classname attribute, which sets no actual class whatsoever in plain HTML. The correction was, of course, to give the element a class instead.
Hard reload your chorome Shift+F5
Look at the spacing between selectors.
p span selects all span in p
span label selects all label in span
p span label selects all label in span in p
so label .fancify selects all .fancify in label
there is nothing of class fancify in label. label is on the same level, not above
so label.fancify
I want to use a single font named "Algerian" across my whole website. So, I need to change all HTML tags and I don't want to write different code for different tags like:
button{font-family:Algerian;}
div{font-family:Algerian;}
The method written below is also highly discouraged:
div,button,span,strong{font-family:Algerian;}
Put the font-family declaration into a body selector:
body {
font-family: Algerian;
}
All the elements on your page will inherit this font-family then (unless, of course you override it later).
*{font-family:Algerian;}
better solution below
Applying a single font to an entire website with CSS
The universal selector * refers to all elements,
this css will do it for you:
*{
font-family:Algerian;
}
But unfortunately if you are using FontAwesome icons, or any Icons that require their own font family, this will simply destroy the icons and they will not show the required view.
To avoid this you can use the :not selector, a sample of fontawesome icon is <i class="fa fa-bluetooth"></i>, so simply you can use:
*:not(i){
font-family:Algerian;
}
this will apply this family to all elements in the document except the elements with the tag name <i>, you can also do it for classes:
*:not(.fa){
font-family:Algerian;
}
this will apply this family to all elements in the document except the elements with the class "fa" which refers to fontawesome default class,
you can also target more than one class like this:
*:not(i):not(.fa):not(.YourClassName){
font-family:Algerian;
}
* { font-family: Algerian; }
The universal selector * refers to any element.
Ensure that mobile devices won't change the font with their default font by using important along with the universal selector * :
* { font-family: Algerian !important;}
As a different font is likely to be already defined by the browser for form elements, here are 2 ways to use this font everywhere:
body, input, textarea {
font-family: Algerian;
}
body {
font-family: Algerian !important;
}
There'll still have a monospace font on elements like pre/code, kbd, etc but, in case you use these elements, you'd better use a monospace font there.
Important note: if very few people has this font installed on their OS, then the second font in the list will be used. Here you defined no second font so the default serif font will be used, and it'll be Times, Times New Roman except maybe on Linux.
Two options there: use #font-face if your font is free of use as a downloadable font or add fallback(s): a second, a third, etc and finally a default family (sans-serif, cursive (*), monospace or serif). The first of the list that exists on the OS of the user will be used.
(*) default cursive on Windows is Comic Sans. Except if you want to troll Windows users, don't do that :) This font is terrible except for your children birthdays where it's welcome.
Please place this in the head of your Page(s) if the "body" needs the use of 1 and the same font:
<style type="text/css">
body {font-family:FONT-NAME ;
}
</style>
Everything between the tags <body> and </body>will have the same font
Ok so I was having this issue where I tried several different options.
The font i'm using is Ubuntu-LI , I created a font folder in my working directory. under the folder fonts
I was able to apply it... eventually here is my working code
I wanted this to apply to my entire website so I put it at the top of the css doc. above all of the Div tags (not that it matters, just know that any individual fonts you assign post your script will take precedence)
#font-face{
font-family: "Ubuntu-LI";
src: url("/fonts/Ubuntu/(Ubuntu-LI.ttf"),
url("../fonts/Ubuntu/Ubuntu-LI.ttf");
}
*{
font-family:"Ubuntu-LI";
}
If i then wanted all of my H1 tags to be something else lets say sans sarif I would do something like
h1{
font-family: Sans-sarif;
}
From which case only my H1 tags would be the sans-sarif font and the rest of my page would be the Ubuntu-LI font
in Bootstrap,
web inspector says the Headings are set to 'inherit'
all i needed to set my page to the new font was
div, p {font-family: Algerian}
that's in .scss
*{font-family:Algerian;}
this html worked for me. Added to canvas settings in wordpress.
Looks cool - thanks !