Get the index of the array element in JSON with jq - json

Question

I have the following type of json:
{
"foo": "hello",
"bar": [
{
"key": "k1",
"val": "v1"
},
{
"key": "k2",
"val": "v2"
},
{
"key": "k3",
"val": "v3"
}
]
}
I want to output the following:
"hello", 1, "k1", "v1"
"hello", 2, "k2", "v2"
"hello", 3, "k3", "v3"
I am using jq to tranform this and the answer should also be with a jq transformation.
I am currently at:
echo '{"foo": "hello","bar": [{"key": "k1","val": "v1"},{"key": "k2","val": "v2"},{"key": "k3","val": "v3"} ]}' | jq -c -r '.bar[] as $b | [.foo, ($b | .key, .val)] | #csv'
Which gives me:
"hello","k1","v1"
"hello","k2","v2"
"hello","k3","v3"
How can I also get the index to show of the array element being parsed?

Answer 1

You could convert the array to entries to access the index and the value. Then you can build out the CSV rows.
$ jq -r '[.foo] + (.bar | to_entries[] | [.key+1,.value.key,.value.val]) | #csv' input.json
"hello",1,"k1","v1"
"hello",2,"k2","v2"
"hello",3,"k3","v3"

Answer 2

Assuming you have access to jq 1.5 and that the key/val keys are presented in that order:
jq -r '.foo as $foo
| foreach .bar[] as $i (0; .+1; [$foo, .] + [$i[]])
| #csv'
would produce:
"hello",1,"k1","v1"
"hello",2,"k2","v2"
"hello",3,"k3","v3"
The -r option is often used with #csv to convert the JSON string that would otherwise be produced by #csv into a comma-separated list of values.
If you really want to join with ", ", then it's a bit messier, but if you're not worried about the functionality that #csv provides, here's one way:
$ jq -r '"\"\(.foo)\"" as $foo
| foreach .bar[] as $i
(0; .+1; "\($foo), \(.), \($i | map("\"\(.)\"")|join(", "))")'
This produces:
"hello", 1, "k1", "v1"
"hello", 2, "k2", "v2"
"hello", 3, "k3", "v3"
If your jq does not have foreach then you could similarly use reduce, but it might be easier to upgrade.