Text After a Z-Index Image? - html

I'm making a website and I have a banner which is just an image with a Z-Index of -1. It has 2 lines of text over the top of it as well as the transparent navigation bar at the top. Is there a way to write a paragraph underneath the banner without it overlaying onto the image?
JSFiddle
<ul class="Nav">
<div class="Logo">
<img src="Logo.png">
</div>
<li>Home</li>
<li>Services</li>
<li>Portfolio</li>
<li>Contact Me</li>
</ul>
<ul class="Banner">
<div class="Banner">
<img class="Banner-Image" src="Img/Banner1.jpg">
<div class="Title">
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
<h1>BradTech</h1>
<p>Professional Website Development and Graphic Design</p>
</div></div>
</ul>
<ul class="Text">
<p>I want this paragraph underneath.</p>
Body {
font-family: 'Arial', Serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.nav {
color: #000000;
list-style: none;
text-align: right;
padding: 20px 0 0 0;
z-index: 1;
}
.nav > li {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0 25px 0 25px;
font-size: 17px;
}
.nav > li > a {
text-decoration: none;
color: #000000;
}
.nav > li > a:hover {
color: #666666;
}
.Logo {
float: left;
padding-left: 25px
}
.Banner {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
width: 100%;
display: block;
}
.Banner > .Banner-Image {
width: 100%;
display: block;
position: absolute;
z-index: -1;
top: 0;
}
.Title {
text-align: center;
}
.Title > h1 {
font-size: 60px;
}
.Text {
position: relative;
z-index: -1;
}
What the website looks like

If you use absolute positioning, the last addition will be shown on top.
for example to place top left:
style='position:absolute;left:0px;top:0px;'
html example:
<p style='position:absolute;left:0px;top:0px;'>
foo
</p>
<img src='bar.png' style='position:absolute;left:0px;top:0px;' />
If you want the rest of the page to continue without using position:absolute, you could add a margin to the next html object. Otherwise it will overlap the absolute objects.

Without an example, it's difficult to say what the exact problem is.
My best guess would be that your navigation bar contains floated list items, that don't have a clearfix applied. This would give it a zero height, meaning a subsequent paragraph would overlap slightly.
Try creating a clearfix CSS class and adding it to your nav bar.
Something along the lines of:
.clearfix:after {
clear: both;
content: ".";
display: block;
height: 0;
visibility: hidden;
}
.clearfix {
display: inline-block;
}
.clearfix {
display: block;
}
Applied like:
<nav class="clearfix"></nav>
<p>Extra text</p>

Related

CSS mix-blend-mode not working if the background image is placed in another tag

I have this simple page layout with a header and a banner.
I want to make the header transparent and sit on top of the banner image (which I might convert into a slider later, here for simplicity I have used single image).
The menu which is inside header is not clearly visible because of the background image, so I decided to use mix-blend-mode: difference, as I should.
But the text is not changing color.
As you can see in the below code snippet, I have applied mix-blend-mode to the <a>. This only works if I give li a background color.
I think the problem is that the image element is in a different tag that the mix-blend-mode element. I cannot figure out where the problem is. Any help would be appreciated.
.header {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
top: 50px;
left: 0;
z-index: 9;
}
.header .header__bottom ul {
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
text-align: right;
position: relative;
}
.header .header__bottom ul li {
display: inline-block;
}
.header .header__bottom ul li a {
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
padding: 0 20px;
color: #fff;
mix-blend-mode: difference;
}
.banner img {
width: 100%;
}
<section class="header">
<div class="header__bottom">
<div class="logo">
<img src="https://www.imltravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/IML-LOGO-VECTOR-WEBSITE-SMALL-e1489572911433.png">
</div>
<div class="header__menu">
<ul>
<li>Home</li>
<li>Tour Packages</li>
<li>Visa</li>
<li>Blog</li>
<li>Team</li>
<li>Contact</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="banner">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1503220317375-aaad61436b1b?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&ixid=MXwxMjA3fDB8MHxleHBsb3JlLWZlZWR8OHx8fGVufDB8fHw%3D&w=1000&q=80">
</section>
.header is creating a stacking context since it has z-index defined
Either remove z-index:
.header {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
top: 50px;
left: 0;
}
.header .header__bottom ul {
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
text-align: right;
position: relative;
}
.header .header__bottom ul li {
display: inline-block;
}
.header .header__bottom ul li a {
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
padding: 0 20px;
color: #fff;
mix-blend-mode: difference;
}
.banner img {
width: 100%;
}
body {
margin:0
}
<section class="header">
<div class="logo">
<img src="https://www.imltravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/IML-LOGO-VECTOR-WEBSITE-SMALL-e1489572911433.png">
</div>
<div class="header__bottom">
<div class="header__menu">
<ul>
<li>Home</li>
<li>Tour Packages</li>
<li>Visa</li>
<li>Blog</li>
<li>Team</li>
<li>Contact</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="banner">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1503220317375-aaad61436b1b?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&ixid=MXwxMjA3fDB8MHxleHBsb3JlLWZlZWR8OHx8fGVufDB8fHw%3D&w=1000&q=80">
</section>
Or move the mix-blend-mode to header (but this will affect the logo too):
.header {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
top: 50px;
left: 0;
z-index:9;
mix-blend-mode: difference;
}
.header .header__bottom ul {
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
text-align: right;
position: relative;
}
.header .header__bottom ul li {
display: inline-block;
}
.header .header__bottom ul li a {
text-decoration: none;
display: block;
padding: 0 20px;
color: #fff;
}
.banner img {
width: 100%;
}
<section class="header">
<div class="logo">
<img src="https://www.imltravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/IML-LOGO-VECTOR-WEBSITE-SMALL-e1489572911433.png">
</div>
<div class="header__bottom">
<div class="header__menu">
<ul>
<li>Home</li>
<li>Tour Packages</li>
<li>Visa</li>
<li>Blog</li>
<li>Team</li>
<li>Contact</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="banner">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1503220317375-aaad61436b1b?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&ixid=MXwxMjA3fDB8MHxleHBsb3JlLWZlZWR8OHx8fGVufDB8fHw%3D&w=1000&q=80">
</section>
An element that has blending applied, must blend with all the underlying content of the stacking context that that element belongs to. ref

A white gap between two div elements [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How to disable margin-collapsing?
(12 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
Here is the HTML code (the white gap started appearing as soon as I added h3 to the last div):
body {
margin: 0;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-weight: 400;
background-image: url("../images/rooms.jpg");
}
.container {
width: 80%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
header {
background: #343434;
}
header::after {
content: '';
display: table;
clear: both;
}
.logo {
float: left;
padding: 10px;
}
nav {
float: right;
}
nav ul {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style-type: none;
}
nav li {
padding: 0;
display: inline-block;
margin-left: 60px;
padding-top: 19px;
position: relative;
}
nav a {
text-decoration: none;
color: white;
font-size: 13px;
text-transform: uppercase;
padding: 1em 0.5em;
}
nav a:hover {
color: yellow;
}
.welcome {
width: 100%;
height: 250px;
background: #406295;
}
.welcome h3 {
text-align: center;
}
<header>
<div class="container">
<img src="images/logo.png" alt="">
<nav>
<ul>
<li>Room Types</li>
<li>Services</li>
<li>About Us</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="welcome">
<h3>Welcome to</h3>
</div>
I am fairly new to web development and stackoverflow. So I am sorry for any inconveniences. Any help is appreciated. Thank you.
Set margin: 0px; on h3 tag to resolve this issue. Check updated Snippet below..
body{
margin:0;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-weight: 400;
background-image: url("../images/rooms.jpg");
}
.container{
width: 80%;
margin : 0 auto;
}
header{
background: #343434;
}
header::after{
content: '';
display: table;
clear:both;
}
.logo{
float: left;
padding:10px;
}
nav{
float:right;
}
nav ul{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style-type: none;
}
nav li{
padding: 0;
display: inline-block;
margin-left: 60px;
padding-top: 19px;
position: relative;
}
nav a{
text-decoration: none;
color:white;
font-size: 13px;
text-transform: uppercase;
padding: 1em 0.5em;
}
nav a:hover{
color:yellow;
}
.welcome{
width: 100%;
height: 250px;
background: #406295;
}
.welcome h3{
text-align: center;
margin: 0px;
}
<header>
<div class="container">
<img src="images/logo.png" alt="">
<nav>
<ul>
<li>Room Types</li>
<li>Services</li>
<li>About Us</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="welcome">
<h3>Welcome to</h3>
</div>
Just remove the margin from h3 like
.welcome h3 {
text-align: center;
margin:0;
}
body {
margin: 0;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-weight: 400;
background-image: url("../images/rooms.jpg");
}
.container {
width: 80%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
header {
background: #343434;
}
header::after {
content: '';
display: table;
clear: both;
}
.logo {
float: left;
padding: 10px;
}
nav {
float: right;
}
nav ul {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style-type: none;
}
nav li {
padding: 0;
display: inline-block;
margin-left: 60px;
padding-top: 19px;
position: relative;
}
nav a {
text-decoration: none;
color: white;
font-size: 13px;
text-transform: uppercase;
padding: 1em 0.5em;
}
nav a:hover {
color: yellow;
}
.welcome {
width: 100%;
height: 250px;
background: #406295;
}
.welcome h3 {
text-align: center;
margin:0;
}
<header>
<div class="container">
<img src="images/logo.png" alt="">
<nav>
<ul>
<li>Room Types</li>
<li>Services</li>
<li>About Us</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="welcome">
<h3>Welcome to</h3>
</div>
This is due to collapsing margins
Remove the margin on the h3. Replace it with padding if you want to create space between the header and maintain the background colour.
body {
margin: 0;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-weight: 400;
background-image: url("../images/rooms.jpg");
}
.container {
width: 80%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
header {
background: #343434;
}
header::after {
content: '';
display: table;
clear: both;
}
.logo {
float: left;
padding: 10px;
}
nav {
float: right;
}
nav ul {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style-type: none;
}
nav li {
padding: 0;
display: inline-block;
margin-left: 60px;
padding-top: 19px;
position: relative;
}
nav a {
text-decoration: none;
color: white;
font-size: 13px;
text-transform: uppercase;
padding: 1em 0.5em;
}
nav a:hover {
color: yellow;
}
.welcome {
width: 100%;
height: 250px;
background: #406295;
}
.welcome h3 {
text-align: center;
margin-top: 0;
}
<header>
<div class="container">
<img src="images/logo.png" alt="">
<nav>
<ul>
<li>Room Types</li>
<li>Services</li>
<li>About Us</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="welcome">
<h3>Welcome to</h3>
</div>
You can try adding style="display: inline; margin:0px; padding:0px;" to your <h3> Tag.
Another way is to apply a rule of overflow: auto to the .welcome div... thus creating a new block formatting context and avoiding the collapsing margins.
Edit: Let's add a little more context. In the spec, you can read that adjoining margins will collapse under certain circumstances. In particular, the margins need to belong to block-level boxes participating in the same block formatting context.
Even though .welcome and h3 are block-level boxes in your example, neither automatically establishes a new block formatting context (meaning they participate in the same block formatting context, meaning their margins collapse). Looking at the spec again, we see that some of the ways to establish a new block formatting context is to have a float, an absolutely positioned element, or a block box with the property of overflow set to something else than visible.
That's why the suggestions regarding overflow: auto or floating one of the elements work. My understanding is that if we make .welcome establish a new block formatting context, the context it participates in is different from the one it establishes itself. Removing the margin (possibly replacing it with padding) is another way to get around the problem.
Either apply margin-top:0 for H3-Tag
or
apply a float:left for .welcome
Both will fix your issue

How to align heading <h1> in the center of the page

I want to center <h1> or <div class="heading"> on the page. The only solution I have found is
body { text-align: center; }
but I can't figure it out why this code doesn't work. Display: inline-block is used because I want the border to wrap around my .
body {
margin: 0;
}
.navbar {
text-align: right;
background: black;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
}
ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 5px;
}
li {
display: inline-block;
}
.heading {
border: 2px solid black;
display: inline-block;
text-align: center;
}
<header>
<nav class="navbar">
<ul>
<li>home</li>
<li>about</li>
<li>contact</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="heading">
<h1>heading</h1>
</div>
</header>
Add this:
.heading {
text-align: center;
}
...and delete display: inline-block from .heading. Instead, add this
.heading h1 {
display: inline-block;
}
.heading is the container of your h1. Both are by default 100% wide. This centers the inline-block h1 inside the full-width .heading
The secret you are looking for is to use a block-level element, and also set a margin: 0 auto. This tells the block to centralise, much like a standard text-align: center.
.header {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto;
}
By default, block-level elements occupy 100% of the width of their container, so you might also want to specify a width for the header. Alternatively, you can have the header automatically adjust to the size of the text by adding a container div that is set as in inline-block, and moving the border to there:
body {
margin: 0;
}
.navbar {
text-align: right;
background: black;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
}
ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 5px;
}
li {
display: inline-block;
}
.heading {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: center;
}
.heading-wrapper {
display: inline-block;
border: 2px solid black;
padding: 0 10px;
}
<header>
<nav class="navbar">
<ul>
<li>home</li>
<li>about</li>
<li>contact</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="heading">
<div class="heading-wrapper">
<h1>heading</h1>
</div>
</div>
</header>
This way, the header will stay centralised, and have the border automatically expand correctly to accommodate the header, no matter how much text there is.
Hope this helps! :)
You can center it by using display: flex; justify-content; on the parent element. Here is a great resource on centering things https://www.w3.org/Style/Examples/007/center.en.html
body {
margin: 0;
}
.navbar {
text-align: right;
background: black;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
}
ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 5px;
}
li {
display: inline-block;
}
.heading {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
<header>
<nav class="navbar">
<ul>
<li>home</li>
<li>about</li>
<li>contact</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="heading">
<h1>heading</h1>
</div>
</header>
a div displays block by default, so it's definitely important to declare if you want to display it otherwise.
However, again, as in another post i saw earlier, you have no css for the containing parent, the header, which would greatly assist you. You should apply any margin to be inherited to this, and there should be no need to apply a small width to your div.
body {
margin: 0;
}
header{margin: 0 auto;}
.navbar {
text-align: right;
background: black;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
}
ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 5px;
}
li {
display: inline-block;
}
.heading {
border: 2px solid black;
/*display: block; - even if you leave this out, it will display as block*/
text-align: center;
}
<header>
<nav class="navbar">
<ul>
<li>home</li>
<li>about</li>
<li>contact</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="heading">
<h1>heading</h1>
</div>
</header>

header div height not calculating, 'clear fix' not working?

I'm currently doing a bit of a redesign on my site and have run into a slight issue regarding a header div element and some child elements with a float: attribute.
My header is showing a height value of 0, and not calculating the contents itself correctly. I've done a bit of reading around and I understand that this is most likely down to floating elements within the navigation (in this case .desktoplinkitem).
My header code is as follows:
<div class="header videohead">
<div class="mobile-nav">
<div class="mobile-link-container">
<div class="mobile-links">
<li class="linkitem">Video</li>
<li class="linkitem">Stills</li>
<li class="linkitem">About</li>
<li class="linkitem">Contact</li> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="name logo">Name<br>Title</div>
<div class="right-nav">
<button class="mobilemenu mobilemenu--htx">
<span></span>
</button>
<div class="desktop-nav">
<ul>
<li class="desktoplinkitem">Contact</li>
<li class="desktoplinkitem">About</li>
<li class="desktoplinkitem">Stills</li>
<li class="desktoplinkitem">Video</li> </ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
The CSS is styled like:
.header {
width: 100%;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
z-index: 600;
flex: none;
}
.videohead {
display: inline-block;
}
.desktoplinkitem {
visibility: inherit;
color: inherit;
background: none !important;
}
.linkitem {
visibility: inherit;
color: #FFFFFF;
transform: scale(2, 2) translateX(-100px);
opacity: 0;
}
.right-nav {
position: absolute;
right: 0%;
padding: 35px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration: none;
}
.right-nav ul {
height: auto;
padding: 8px 0px;
margin: 0px;
float: right;
}
.right-nav li {
display: inline;
padding-top: 1em;
padding-bottom: 1em;
padding-left: 1em;
letter-spacing: 1px;
float: right;
}
I've tried to add a clear fix hack with no result (using the following):
.videohead:after {
content: " ";
display: table;
height: 0;
clear: both;
*zoom: expression( this.runtimeStyle['zoom'] = '1', this.innerHTML += '<div class="ie7-clear"></div>' );
}
The page can be seen here
Is there another way to approach this?
It is fixed by removing the position: absolute; from .logo.
You header stays empty because every child inside it has been positioned in a different way the either static or relative.
The floating could have been the issue if they were a direct child of .header

css only horizontal subnav

I am building a CSS only two-level horizontal navigation bar with relative sub-navigation to the parent. All menu items are inline. Dependent upon the classes 'right' or 'left', the sub-nav aligns to the parent. This is what I've managed to accomplish so far:
html:
<body>
<div class="navbar">
<ul class="topnav left">
<li>nav</li>
<li>menu1
<span class="subnav">
<ul class="subnav subnav-left">
<li>item1-1</li>
<li>item1-2</li>
<li>item1-3</li>
</ul>
</span>
</li>
<li>menu2
<span class="subnav">
<ul class="subnav subnav-left">
<li>item2-1</li>
<li>item2-2</li>
<li>item2-3</li>
</ul>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="topnav right">
<li class="right">menu3
<span class="subnav subnav-right">
<ul class="subnav subnav-left">
<li>item3-1</li>
<li>item3-2</li>
<li>item3-3</li>
</ul>
</span>
</li>
<li class="right">menu4
<span class="subnav subnav-right">
<ul class="subnav subnav-left">
<li>item4-1</li>
<li>item4-2</li>
<li>item4-3</li>
</ul>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
css:
body {
font-family: arial;
margin: 0;
}
.navbar {
height: 40px;
background-color: black;
}
ul.topnav {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.subnav {
position: absolute;
}
.subnav-right {
right: 0;
}
ul.subnav {
position: relative;
margin: 4px 0 0 -8px;
padding: 0;
display: none;
}
ul.topnav li{
list-style: none;
display: inline-block;
color: white;
padding: 4px 8px;
font-weight: bold;
line-height: 32px;
float: left;
clear: none;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
ul.subnav li {
background-color: red;
list-style: none;
display: inline-block;
color: white;
padding: 4px 8px;
font-weight: bold;
position: relative;
line-height: 32px;
float: left;
clear: none;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.topnav li:hover {
background-color: red;
}
.topnav li:hover ul.subnav {
display: inline-block;
background-color: red;
}
.nav ul li:hover {
background-color: black;
}
.nav ul li {
width: 100%;
}
.nav li ul {
display: inline-block;
clear: none;
position: absolute;
background-color: red;
margin: 4px 0 0 -8px;
padding: 0;
}
.left {
float: left;
}
.right {
float: right;
}
The jsfiddle:
jsfiddle.net/aLZqZ
Here is what I'm trying to accomplish:
image to nav menu
I got this for you http://jsfiddle.net/aLZqZ/99/. In under 100 tries, too. I became a little obsessed and spent at least 5 hours total. A good challenge for me and I have never really fiddled with sub navs before.
This issue was three fold:
Using float:right for a horizontal nav bar is usually not good in my experience because it causes unexpected issues, also it is negated and ignored by browsers if the same element is positioned relative or absolute (you had a lot of superfluous code, btw). I changed float:right to text-align:right where necessary. See this for horizontal nav I fixed for someone recently: Aligning/floating my nav bar to the right
The li element containing the sub menu was not positioned, therefore, the position:absolute and right:0 on the ul within it moves according to the closest containing element that is position:absolute or :relative. In this case there was not one so that element was html; thus the ul would be pushed all the way right to the end of the page. I added position:relative to these li elements which then made the right:0 behave as expected, but did not put all the li element on one line and stacked them instead.
You had tags with display:inline-block when :inline would have done it, but more importantly, no one ever really mentions that white-space:nowrap on the same elements to do what you are trying here is important. inline-block and nowrap together should force one line block like elements that you can align or float as whole as if they were a paragraph. BTW, IE7 needs some special attention for inline-block. See here: http://robertnyman.com/2010/02/24/css-display-inline-block-why-it-rocks-and-why-it-sucks/
I made special css at the bottom of yours in your fiddle to separate the left and right navs, and I basically left your original css alone. I also adjusted the html a bit. Here it all is.
HTML for the right nav (follows the HTML for the left nav):
<ul class="rightNav">
<li>menu3
<ul class="rightSubNav">
<li>item3-1</li>
<li>item3-2</li>
<li>item3-3</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>menu4
<ul class="rightSubNav">
<li>item4-1</li>
<li>item4-2</li>
<li>item4-3</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
CSS that I added to separate the right and left nav:
ul.rightNav {
margin:0;
padding:0;
text-align: right;
}
.rightNav li:hover {
background-color: red;
}
ul.rightNav li{
list-style: none;
display: inline-block;
color: white;
padding: 4px 8px;
font-weight: bold;
line-height: 32px;
position:relative;
}
ul.rightSubNav {
position: absolute;
right:0;
margin: 4px 0 0 -20px;
padding: 0;
display: none;
white-space:nowrap;
}
ul.rightSubNav li {
background-color: red;
list-style: none;
display: inline;
color: white;
padding: 4px 8px;
font-weight: bold;
position: relative;
line-height: 32px;
}
.rightNav li:hover ul.rightSubNav {
display: inline-block;
background-color: red;
}
If this helped I would appreciate the up votes and answer select. If you figured something else out and got it working differently please post. I would love to see it.