How to set the value of a row into previous row? - mysql

I have a table like this:
// numbers
+----+--------+
| id | numb |
+----+--------+
| 1 | zero |
| 2 | one |
| 3 | two |
| 4 | three |
| 5 | four |
| 6 | five |
| 7 | six |
| 8 | seven |
| 9 | eight |
| 0 | nine |
+----+--------+
Now I'm trying to copy/paste the value of each row (just numb column) to the upper column. So this is expected result:
+----+--------+
| id | numb |
+----+--------+
| 1 | one |
| 2 | two |
| 3 | three |
| 4 | four |
| 5 | five |
| 6 | six |
| 7 | seven |
| 8 | eight |
| 9 | nine |
| 0 | zero |
+----+--------+
Actually I can do that by PHP. I mean I can fetch all rows and shift one itam and then update them. But I want to know can I do that by pure mysql?

All the rows except the max of id will get updated. The max id will still have the same numb. (in this case 9,'eight')
update tablename t1
JOIN tablename t2 on t1.id = t2.id-1
set t1.numb = t2.numb;
Sample Fiddle

Maybe something like
How do I UPDATE from a SELECT in SQL Server?
and use the id+1 for table2.

Related

How to select the most spanning ranges

My table looks like
+----+------+----+
| Id | from | to |
+----+------+----+
| 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 1 | 10 | 12 |
| 1 | 12 | 23 |
| 1 | 24 | 26 |
| 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 2 | 4 | 10 |
+----+------+----+
Now I want to group by Id and select the most spanning range.
So the result table should look like this:
+----+-------------+
| Id | range |
+----+-------------+
| 1 | 1-23, 24-26 |
| 2 | 2-10 |
+----+-------------+
I do not even know how to start.
Thanks in advance for the help!
You can achieve something similar to this by writing a MySQL select query with the CONCAT() function. You can use GROUP BY to categorize the data. But keep in mind that from,to and range are reserved words in MySQL. Therefore, I'll use fooFrom, fooRange and fooTo as column name for this example
Example:
SELECT Id, CONCAT(fooFrom, "-", fooTo) AS "fooRange" FROM fooTable GROUP BY id;
This example code will output:
id | fooRange
1 | 5-6
2 | 12-88
But I'm not sure about how to concat all the content into a one-column value.

Does Cross Join not work between two different tables with same column name?

As written on the title, does CROSS JOIN not work for different tables with the same column name?
For example,
I have one table named Fruits:
| name | price |
| apple | 1 |
| banana | 2 |
and another table named Snacks:
| name | price |
| chips | 3 |
| cookies | 4 |
Then does
SELECT Fruits.price, Snacks.price FROM Fruits CROSS JOIN Snacks
does not work properly?
I am working on a same issue, but the result shows like:
| price | price |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
But what I expect is:
| price | price |
| 1 | 3 |
| 1 | 4 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 2 | 4 |
As I mentioned in the comment, it is not possible. Either your tables values are different or your query.
Check this dbfiddle showing the result value same as your expected values.
In MySQL CROSS JOIN works as expected:
price price
------ -----
1 3
2 3
1 4
2 4
See running example at DB Fiddle.

How to insert a specify row in mysql?

Suppose I have a table t1 like
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+-------+------+
| id | level | gap |
+------+-------+------+
| 1 | 6 | 50 |
| 1 | 5 | 10 |
| 2 | 5 | 12 |
| 2 | 5 | 10 |
| 3 | 8 | 4 |
| 3 | 9 | 1 |
| 3 | 9 | 3 |
| 3 | 7 | 2 |
+------+-------+------+
I want to insert a row (3,6,7) into here.I mean it is below in first 5 row.
Is it possible in mysql?
Just do
INSERT INTO t1 (id, level,gap) VALUES (3,6,7)
Records in a table do not have a prescribed order. The order has to be defined during a SELECT by supplying a suitable ORDER BY clause.
So, if you want the new record to be listed in 5th position use ORDER BY id, level.

Joining 3 tables from two different Databases?

Database 1 (2 tables) : sandbox_maesc4
table 1: coordinates
+----------------------------------------+
|coord_id | section_name | station_number|
+----------------------------------------+
| 1 | A | A7 |
| 2 | B | B20 |
| 3 | C | C3 |
| 4 | D | D14 |
| 5 | E | E9 |
+----------------------------------------+
table 2: workstation_userlogged
+----------------------------------+
| id | ws | user |
+----------------------------------+
| 1 | COMP123 | ryan |
| 2 | COMP345 | luda |
| 3 | COMP567 | chris |
| 4 | COMP891 | michel|
| 5 | COMP444 | isabel|
+----------------------------------+
Database 2 (1 table): softphone_materials_updater
Table 1: workstation
+----------------------------+
| ID | ws | pod |
+----------------------------+
| 1 | COMP123 | A07 |
| 2 | COMP345 | B20 |
| 3 | COMP567 | C03 |
| 4 | COMP891 | D14 |
| 5 | COMP444 | E09 |
+----------------------------+
Problem:
I only have read access in Database 2.
So I did a SELECT query for both fields and created the table "userlogged".
Now, I want to combine both tables "coordinates" and "userlogged" by joining table "workstation"
with their relation of the "station_number" field and "pod" field from. How can I achieve this? Below is the query that I tried but doesnt work.
I have extra fields in "coordinates" table (X,Y fields with actual coordinates). In PHP I use all fields to show them on screen.
SELECT
coordinate_id,
section_name,
x_coord,
y_coord,
ws.username,
ws.hostname,
w.pod,
FROM
sandbox_maesc4.coordinates c,
sandbox_maesc4.workstation_userlogged ws
INNER JOIN
softphone_materials_updater.workstations w
ON c.station_number = w.pod
I think maybe this is what you want?
SELECT
coordinate_id,
section_name,
x_coord,
y_coord,
wsu.username,
wsu.hostname,
w.pod
FROM
sandbox_maesc4.coordinates c
INNER JOIN
softphone_materials_updater.workstations w
ON c.station_number = w.pod
INNER JOIN
sandbox_maesc4.workstation_userlogged wsu
ON w.ws = wsu.ws
Not sure about the database and table names, they seem to differ between your sample query and the description.

What happens if I select two tables with no WHERE clause?

I had a technical interview last week, and my interviewer asked me what happens if I run the following query:
SELECT * FROM tbl1, tbl2
I think I answered it correctly, but it wasn't an in-depth answer.
I said that I would select all the columns in both tables. For example if tbl1 has 3 columns, and tbl2 has 4 columns. The result set would have 7 columns.
Then he asked me why 7? and I said because I was selecting everything from each table.
That was a bad answer, but I couldn't think of anything else.
To cut to the chase, after the interviewed I executed the latter statement using two tables.
Table A, had 3 animal: dog, cat and elephant.
Table B had 2 names: Mat and Beth
This is the result set that I got after the statement being executed:
*********************************************
| id_tbl1 | name_tbl1 | id_tbl2 | name_tbl2 |
*********************************************
| 1 | dog | 1 | Mat |
| 2 | cat | 1 | Mat |
| 3 | elephant | 1 | Mat |
| 1 | dog | 2 | Beth |
| 2 | cat | 2 | Beth |
| 3 | elephant | 2 | Beth |
*********************************************
So my question is, why does the statement behaves like that?
In other words:
Why does the Table B's records repeat themselves until I reach the end of table A, and then it starts all over again?
How would you have answered the question in a way that it would've "WOW'd" the interviewer?
If this question does not belong to SO, feel free to delete it or close it!
If you do a select like this, all rows in one resultset are joined to all rows in the other resultset (Cartesian Product).
So you get a list of all rows of the first table with the first row of the second table, Then all entries for the second row and so on. The order may be an implementation detail. Not sure if it is defined that the first order is by the first table, it might be different across implementations.
If you join three tables (or more), then the same happens with all rows of all tables. This, of course, is not only for tables, but for any result set from joins.
The result will be a cartisian product
take a look at this example
SQL Example
You can see there are two tables one has 5 records and the other has 4 and the result is 20 records. Means 5 * 4 = 20 instead of 5 + 4 = 9 as you are assuming.
Table1
| IDX | VAL |
---------------
| 1 | 1val1 |
| 1 | 1val2 |
| 2 | 2val1 |
| 2 | 2val2 |
| 2 | 2val3 |
Table2
| ID | POINTS |
---------------
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 10 |
| 3 | 21 |
| 4 | 29 |
Result of below query
SELECT * FROM Table1 , Table2
| IDX | VAL | ID | POINTS |
-----------------------------
| 1 | 1val1 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 1val1 | 2 | 10 |
| 1 | 1val1 | 3 | 21 |
| 1 | 1val1 | 4 | 29 |
| 1 | 1val2 | 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 1val2 | 2 | 10 |
| 1 | 1val2 | 3 | 21 |
| 1 | 1val2 | 4 | 29 |
| 2 | 2val1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 2val1 | 2 | 10 |
| 2 | 2val1 | 3 | 21 |
| 2 | 2val1 | 4 | 29 |
| 2 | 2val2 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 2val2 | 2 | 10 |
| 2 | 2val2 | 3 | 21 |
| 2 | 2val2 | 4 | 29 |
| 2 | 2val3 | 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 2val3 | 2 | 10 |
| 2 | 2val3 | 3 | 21 |
| 2 | 2val3 | 4 | 29 |
I think you are confusing yourself by running an example with two tables that have identical fields. You are referring to a Union, which will combine the values of 1 table with another, and using your example this would give you 3 + 4 = 7 results.
The comma separated FROM statement is doing JOIN, which will go through all values in Table X and pair them with all the values of Table Y. This would result in Size of X * Size of Y results, and using your example this would be 3 * 4 = 12.