I don't understand why the text-decoration: none does not work in the following code. It fails to remove the underline of the word yes.
.button {
color: black;
text-decoration: none;
}
body {
font-family: 'Roboto', 'Microsoft JhengHei', sans-serif;
font-size: 24px;
}
<a href="www.example.com">
<div class="button" id="yes">
Yes
</div>
</a>
As you can see from the example below, the child can override the parent. This is contradictory to the problem above.
.b {
color: black;
}
.c {
color: yellow;
}
<div class="b">
<div class="c">
abc
</div>
</div>
By default the a tag has underline effect (using text-decoration:underline), So to remove this, you must remove from a tag not from its child element.
If you are talking like color values can be overridden from parent to child element but why not text-decoration?
This is because the text-decoration property doesn't inherit the style from its parent element but relies upon its own element.
Check w3c reference.
Related
In my HTML below, when I hover on the <a> element I want to change the colour of the <h1> element using only CSS. Is there a way to achieve this?
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#"></a>
What if I wrap a div around it with an id in it?
<div id="banner">
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#"></a>
</div>
Will this help?
You can make a sibling that follows an element change when that element is hovered, for example you can change the color of your a link when the h1 is hovered, but you can't affect a previous sibling in the same way.
h1 {
color: #4fa04f;
}
h1 + a {
color: #a04f4f;
}
h1:hover + a {
color: #4f4fd0;
}
a:hover + h1 {
background-color: #444;
}
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">The "Button"</a>
<h1>Another Heading</h1>
We set the color of an H1 to a greenish hue, and the color of an A that is a sibling of an H1 to reddish (first 2 rules). The third rule does what I describe -- changes the A color when the H1 is hovered.
But notice the fourth rule a:hover + h1 only changes the background color of the H1 that follows the anchor, but not the one that precedes it.
This is based on the DOM order, and it's possible to change the display order of elements, so even though you can't change the previous element, you could make that element appear to be after the other element to get the desired effect.
Note that doing this could affect accessibility, since screen readers will generally traverse items in DOM order, which may not be the same as the visual order.
Edit
This should now be possible using the has selector, in the browsers that support it.
See the comments in the CSS below.
I will edit again in the future; currently my Chrome and Safari browsers are not yet at versions that support it.
h1 {
color: #4fa04f;
}
h1 + a {
color: #a04f4f;
}
h1:hover + a {
color: #4f4fd0;
}
a:hover + h1 {
background-color: #444;
}
/* Select an H1 heading that has an <a>nchor as a sibling */
h1:has(+ a) {
background-color: cyan;
}
/* Select an H1 heading that has a currently-hovered <a>nchor as a sibling */
h1:has(+ a:hover) {
background-color: yellow;
}
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">The "Button"</a>
<h1>Another Heading</h1>
There is no CSS selector that can do this (in CSS3, even). Elements, in CSS, are never aware of their parent, so you cannot do a:parent h1 (for example). Nor are they aware of their siblings (in most cases), so you cannot do #container a:hover { /* do something with sibling h1 */ }. Basically, CSS properties cannot modify anything but elements and their children (they cannot access parents or siblings).
You could contain the h1 within the a, but this would make your h1 hoverable as well.
You will only be able to achieve this using JavaScript (jsFiddle proof-of-concept). This would look something like:
$("a.button").hover(function() {
$(this).siblings("h1").addClass("your_color_class");
}, function() {
$(this).siblings("h1").removeClass("your_color_class");
});
#banner:hover h1 {
color: red;
}
#banner h1:hover {
color: black;
}
a {
position: absolute;
}
<div id="banner">
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">link</a>
</div>
The Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/joplomacedo/77mqZ/
The a element is absolutely positioned. Might not be perfect for your exisiting structure. Let me know, I might find a workaround.
It is indeed possible to achieve this with only a few lines of CSS and some basic Flexbox understanding.
As Stephen P said in his answer, the adjacent sibling combinator does select immediately following siblings. To achieve what the OP asked, you could use two flex approaches:
Approach 1 (using "flex-flow" shorthand property)
.flex-parent {
display: flex;
flex-flow: column-reverse wrap
}
.flex-child-1:hover + .flex-child-2 {
color: #FF3333;
}
<div class="flex-parent">
<a class="flex-child-1">Hover me</a>
<h1 class="flex-child-2">I am changing color</h1>
</div>
Approach 2 (using "order" property and multiple children)
.flex-parent {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.flex-child-1 {
order: 2;
}
.flex-child-2 {
order: 1;
}
.flex-child-3 {
order: 3;
}
.flex-child-1:hover+.flex-child-2 {
color: #FF3333;
}
<div class="flex-parent">
<h1 class="flex-child-3">I am not changing color</h1>
<a class="flex-child-1">Hover me</a>
<h1 class="flex-child-2">I am changing color</h1>
</div>
Bonus:
CodePen Bonus
http://plnkr.co/edit/j5kGIav1E1VMf87t9zjK?p=preview
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<script src="script.js"></script>
<style>
ul:hover > li
{
opacity: 0.5;
}
ul:hover li:hover
{
opacity: 1;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Plunker!</h1>
<ul>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
here is an example how it can be done in pure css , hope it helps somebody
Try this one-line pure CSS solution:
.parent:hover .child:not(:hover) {
/* this style affects all the children *except* the one you're hovering over */
color: red;
}
More info here: https://codyhouse.co/nuggets/styling-siblings-on-hover
Change the H1 tag into a link, style it the same as the normal text maybe?
And then use this,
a:link {color:#FF0000;}
a:hover {color:#FF00FF;}
And it should work when you hover :) you can also make it specific by containing it in a div and then targeting it like this:
.exampledivname a:link {color:#FF0000;}
.exampledivname a:hover {color:#FF00FF;}
This should help.
Someone helped me with this so I thought I would share here as well.
In your first example that is indeed impossible with pure CSS. However, when you wrap it with a parent container you then have the ability to do a bunch of stuff with hovering children.
#banner:hover>h1{
color:red;
}
h1:hover{
color:black !important;
}
#banner{
display:inline-block;
}
.button{
display:inline-block;
font-size:24px;
width:100%;
border:1px solid black;
text-align:center;
}
h1{
padding:0;
margin:0;
}
<div id="banner">
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">Button!</a>
</div>
The parent just controls the children who aren't currently being hovered. You then can set hover states for individual elements and classes to make sibling selection possible without JS.
Here is a more advanced example of this in action
https://codepen.io/levyA/pen/gOrdaLJ
For set styles in sibling elements you can use ~ character
in first case when h1 hovered set color for a tag
and in second case when a is hovered, change background color of h1 section
h1:hover ~ a {
color: #e34423;
}
a:hover ~ h1 {
background-color: #eee;
}
This might work, I've recently used this idea to stop sibling elements in an animation.
h1 { color: inherit; }
#banner:hover { color: your choice; }
I have a .header div with a span maindomain and a div otherdomains inside of it:
<div class="header"><span class="maindomain">LatestFooty.co.uk</span> is currently available for sale, along with:
<div class="otherdomains">
LatestFootie.com<br>
LatestFootie.co.uk
</div>
</div>
I'm trying to target the is currently available for sale, along with:, without touching the contents of .maindomain or .otherdomains. I understand that the best approach to this might be to wrap it in a span and target that instead, but at this point I'd like to figure out why I can't get the :not pseudo-class working.
Here is what I have:
#media (min-width:300px) and (max-width:450px) {
.header:not(.maindomain):not(.otherdomains) {
font-style: italic;
}
}
As far as I can tell, the syntax is correct, and I don't think it's a specificity issue because !important doesn't make a difference. What am I doing wrong?
.header:not(.maindomain):not(.otherdomains) only targets elements which have the .header class and don't have the .maindomain and/or the .otherdomain class themselves.
Your rules currently say:
<div class="header"> is targeted
<div class="header maindomain"> is not targeted
<div class="header otherdomains"> is not targeted
<div class="header maindomain otherdomains"> is not targeted
But this is not what you want to do here obviously.
You cannot apply rules to the .header class depending on classes of its children with CSS alone.
There's an approved answer to your question here which might guide you in the right direction (using JavaScript or jQuery in that case).
You will need two selectors:
.header {
font-style:italic;
}
.header .otherdomains,
.header .maindomain {
font-style:initial;
}
/* OR
.header * {
font-style:initial;
}
*/
<div class="header"><span class="maindomain">LatestFooty.co.uk</span> is currently available for sale, along with:
<div class="otherdomains">
LatestFootie.com<br>
LatestFootie.co.uk
</div>
</div>
I'm trying to target the "is currently available for sale, along with:", without touching the contents of .maindomain or .otherdomains.
You can't target anonymous elements in CSS.
CSS rules need a "hook" in the HTML to attach to. That hook is an HTML tag. Without the tag, CSS has nothing to target. This concept applies across box models.
From MDN:
An anonymous box is created when there is not an HTML element to use for the box. This situation happens when, for example, you declare display: flex on a parent element, and directly inside there is a run of text not contained in another element. In order to fix the box tree, an anonymous box is created around that run of text. It will then behave as a flex item, however, it cannot be targeted and styled like a regular box because there is no element to target.
(emphasis mine)
Everything is in the demo itself, the JavaScript is for demo purposes.
Demo
const lnx = [...document.links];
lnx.forEach(lnk => lnk.addEventListener('click', viewHTML));
function viewHTML(e) {
const link = e.target;
const headers = document.querySelectorAll('.'+this.dataset.tag);
headers.forEach(hdr => {
if (!hdr.matches('.hide')) {
link.className = 'off';
let str = hdr.outerHTML;
let txt = document.createElement('div');
txt.className = 'txt';
hdr.insertAdjacentElement('afterend', txt);
hdr.nextElementSibling.insertAdjacentText('beforeend', str);
hdr.classList.add('hide');
} else {
link.className = '';
hdr.classList.remove('hide');
hdr.nextElementSibling.remove();
}
});
}
body {
font: 400 2.5vw/1.5 Consolas
}
[class^=header] {
font-family: Arial;
}
/* Header (OP)
Selector fails -- :not() is prefixed incorrectly
.header:... means .header is targeted
.header :... means the descendants of .header is targeted
There is no .header.A, .header.B, nor .header.A.B
so .header without .A and/or .B will have everything in italics
*/
.header:not(.A):not(.B) {
font-style: italic;
}
/* Header 1
Best solution with no extra HTML tags:
Assign font-style: normal...
directly (.C1, .D1)
or by class (.N)
*/
.header1 {
font-style: italic;
}
.C1,
.D1,
.N {
font-style: normal;
}
/* Header 2
Using :not() needs extra HTML tag:
Wrap second textnode in an inline or inline-block tag
As content of a descendant tag, the text can be targeted
*/
.header2 *:not(.E):not(.F) {
font-style: italic;
}
/* Header 3
Smart solution with extra HTML tag:
Wrap second textnode in <i> or <em>
*/
.header3 {
/* no styles needed */
}
/* Header 4
Slickest solution with least HTML:
Wrap text that needs italics in <i> and then style lines with CSS
*/
.header4 {
white-space: pre-line;
}
/* For Demo Purposes */
.dash {
border-style: dashed;
}
.edge {
border-style: ridge;
border-width: 3px;
}
summary:hover {
color: lime;
background: #000;
cursor: pointer;
}
summary + u {
display: inline-block;
text-decoration: none;
white-space: pre-line;
}
code {
color: green;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
white-space: pre;
}
summary + code {
display: block;
}
a {
display: block;
text-decoration: none;
text-align: center;
}
a:link,
a:visited {
color: cyan;
background: #000;
}
a:hover,
a:active {
color: blue;
background: none;
}
a::before {
content: 'View .'attr(data-tag);
}
a.off::before {
content: 'Hide .'attr(data-tag);
}
a::after {
content: ' HTML';
}
.hide {
display: none;
}
.txt {
color: blue;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
white-space: pre;
}
<main>
<hr class='edge'>
<details><summary>Header (OP)</summary>
<u>Selector fails -- :not() is prefixed incorrectly
.header:... means .header is targeted 👎
.header<code>␣</code>:... means the descendants of .header is targeted 👍
There is no .header.A, .header.B, nor .header.A.B so
.header <em>without</em> .A and/or .B will have everything in italics</u></details>
<details><summary>CSS</summary>
<code>.header:not(.A):not(.B) {
font-style: italic;
}</code>
<a href='#/' data-tag='header'></a>
</details>
<hr>
<div class='header'>
<span class="A">LatestFooty.co.uk</span> is currently available for sale, along with:
<div class="B">
LatestFootie.com<br> LatestFootie.co.uk
</div>
</div>
<hr class='edge'>
<details><summary>Header 1</summary>
<u>Best solution with no extra HTML tags:
Assign <code>font-style: normal</code>...
directly (.C1, .D1)
or by class (.N)</u></details>
<details><summary>CSS</summary>
<code>.header1 {
font-style: italic;
}
.C1,
.D1,
.N {
font-style: normal;
}</code>
<a href='#/' data-tag='header1'></a>
</details>
<hr>
<div class="header1">
<span class="C1">LatestFooty.co.uk</span> is currently available for sale, along with:
<div class="D1">
LatestFootie.com<br> LatestFootie.co.uk
</div>
</div>
<hr class='dash'>
<div class="header1">
<span class="C2 N">LatestFooty.co.uk</span> is currently available for sale, along with:
<div class="D2 N">
LatestFootie.com<br> LatestFootie.co.uk
</div>
</div>
<hr class='edge'>
<details><summary>Header 2</summary>
<u>Using :not() needs extra HTML tag:
Wrap second textnode in an inline or inline-block tag
As content of a descendant tag, the text can be targeted</u></details>
<details><summary>CSS</summary>
<code>.header2 *:not(.E):not(.F) {
font-style: italic;
}</code>
<a href='#/' data-tag='header2'></a>
</details>
<hr>
<div class='header2'>
<span class="E">LatestFooty.co.uk</span> <span>is currently available for sale, along with:</span>
<div class="F">
LatestFootie.com<br> LatestFootie.co.uk
</div>
</div>
<hr class='edge'>
<details><summary>Header 3</summary>
<u>Smart solution with extra HTML tag:
Wrap second textnode in <code><i></code> or <code><em></code></u></details>
<details><summary>CSS</summary>
<code>.header3 {
/* no styles needed */
}</code>
<a href='#/' data-tag='header3'></a>
</details>
<hr>
<div class='header3'>
<span class="G">LatestFooty.co.uk</span> <i>is currently available for sale, along with:</i>
<div class="H">
LatestFootie.com<br> LatestFootie.co.uk
</div>
</div>
<hr class='edge'>
<details><summary>Header 4</summary>
<u>Slickest solution with least HTML:
Wrap text that needs italics in <code><i></code> and then style lines with CSS</u></details>
<details><summary>CSS</summary>
<code>.header4 {
white-space: pre-line;
}</code>
<a href='#/' data-tag='header4'></a>
</details>
<hr>
<header class='header4'>LatestFooty.co.uk <i>is currently available for sale, along with:</i>
LatestFootie.com
LatestFootie.co.uk
</header>
</main>
In CSS is it possible to use the inherit property to inherit from a specific element?
For example is there CSS syntax which could let this <p> inherit from container1 instead of container2? Assuming there isn't cause searched for quite a while to find this but I hope you can prove me wrong.
.container1{
color: blue
}
.container2{
color: green
}
.p {
color: inherit;
}
<div class="container1">
<div class="container2">
<p>
foo
</p>
</div>
</div>
To prevent an element from inheriting from its parent, you could explicitly exclude it from its parent's CSS using the :not() pseudo-class:
For example:
.container2 :not(p) {
color: green;
}
Snippet:
.container1 {
color: blue;
}
.container2 :not(p) {
color: green;
}
<div class="container1">
<div class="container2">
<p>
Feeling rather blue today.
</p>
<span>
It's not easy being green.
</span>
</div>
</div>
<style>.f-1, .f-1 a {
color: #fff;
}
.f-2, .f-2 a {
color: #000;
}</style>
<body class="f-2">
<ul class="f-1">
<li><a>TEST COLOR</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
Because f-2 in the css follows f-1 the browser renders the TEST COLOR white (#fff). How can I make it so its renders whatever is the closest descendant?
I second Vivek's suggestion. Both the rules .f-2 a and .f-1 a have the same specificity. So you have to make the rule you want to be applicable on TEST COLOR more specific. You can try .f-1 > a or .f-2 .f-1 a.
You can use inherit feature. This can inherit parents property.
span {
color: blue;
border: 1px solid black;
}
.extra span {
color: inherit;
}
<div>
Here is <span>a span element</span> which is blue, as span elements are set to be.
</div>
<div class="extra" style="color:green">
Here is <span>a span element</span> which is green, because it inherits from its parent.
</div>
<div style="color:red">
Here is <span>a span element</span> which is blue, as span elements are set to be.
</div>
In my HTML below, when I hover on the <a> element I want to change the colour of the <h1> element using only CSS. Is there a way to achieve this?
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#"></a>
What if I wrap a div around it with an id in it?
<div id="banner">
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#"></a>
</div>
Will this help?
You can make a sibling that follows an element change when that element is hovered, for example you can change the color of your a link when the h1 is hovered, but you can't affect a previous sibling in the same way.
h1 {
color: #4fa04f;
}
h1 + a {
color: #a04f4f;
}
h1:hover + a {
color: #4f4fd0;
}
a:hover + h1 {
background-color: #444;
}
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">The "Button"</a>
<h1>Another Heading</h1>
We set the color of an H1 to a greenish hue, and the color of an A that is a sibling of an H1 to reddish (first 2 rules). The third rule does what I describe -- changes the A color when the H1 is hovered.
But notice the fourth rule a:hover + h1 only changes the background color of the H1 that follows the anchor, but not the one that precedes it.
This is based on the DOM order, and it's possible to change the display order of elements, so even though you can't change the previous element, you could make that element appear to be after the other element to get the desired effect.
Note that doing this could affect accessibility, since screen readers will generally traverse items in DOM order, which may not be the same as the visual order.
Edit
This should now be possible using the has selector, in the browsers that support it.
See the comments in the CSS below.
I will edit again in the future; currently my Chrome and Safari browsers are not yet at versions that support it.
h1 {
color: #4fa04f;
}
h1 + a {
color: #a04f4f;
}
h1:hover + a {
color: #4f4fd0;
}
a:hover + h1 {
background-color: #444;
}
/* Select an H1 heading that has an <a>nchor as a sibling */
h1:has(+ a) {
background-color: cyan;
}
/* Select an H1 heading that has a currently-hovered <a>nchor as a sibling */
h1:has(+ a:hover) {
background-color: yellow;
}
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">The "Button"</a>
<h1>Another Heading</h1>
There is no CSS selector that can do this (in CSS3, even). Elements, in CSS, are never aware of their parent, so you cannot do a:parent h1 (for example). Nor are they aware of their siblings (in most cases), so you cannot do #container a:hover { /* do something with sibling h1 */ }. Basically, CSS properties cannot modify anything but elements and their children (they cannot access parents or siblings).
You could contain the h1 within the a, but this would make your h1 hoverable as well.
You will only be able to achieve this using JavaScript (jsFiddle proof-of-concept). This would look something like:
$("a.button").hover(function() {
$(this).siblings("h1").addClass("your_color_class");
}, function() {
$(this).siblings("h1").removeClass("your_color_class");
});
#banner:hover h1 {
color: red;
}
#banner h1:hover {
color: black;
}
a {
position: absolute;
}
<div id="banner">
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">link</a>
</div>
The Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/joplomacedo/77mqZ/
The a element is absolutely positioned. Might not be perfect for your exisiting structure. Let me know, I might find a workaround.
It is indeed possible to achieve this with only a few lines of CSS and some basic Flexbox understanding.
As Stephen P said in his answer, the adjacent sibling combinator does select immediately following siblings. To achieve what the OP asked, you could use two flex approaches:
Approach 1 (using "flex-flow" shorthand property)
.flex-parent {
display: flex;
flex-flow: column-reverse wrap
}
.flex-child-1:hover + .flex-child-2 {
color: #FF3333;
}
<div class="flex-parent">
<a class="flex-child-1">Hover me</a>
<h1 class="flex-child-2">I am changing color</h1>
</div>
Approach 2 (using "order" property and multiple children)
.flex-parent {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.flex-child-1 {
order: 2;
}
.flex-child-2 {
order: 1;
}
.flex-child-3 {
order: 3;
}
.flex-child-1:hover+.flex-child-2 {
color: #FF3333;
}
<div class="flex-parent">
<h1 class="flex-child-3">I am not changing color</h1>
<a class="flex-child-1">Hover me</a>
<h1 class="flex-child-2">I am changing color</h1>
</div>
Bonus:
CodePen Bonus
http://plnkr.co/edit/j5kGIav1E1VMf87t9zjK?p=preview
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<script src="script.js"></script>
<style>
ul:hover > li
{
opacity: 0.5;
}
ul:hover li:hover
{
opacity: 1;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Plunker!</h1>
<ul>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
<li>Hello</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
here is an example how it can be done in pure css , hope it helps somebody
Try this one-line pure CSS solution:
.parent:hover .child:not(:hover) {
/* this style affects all the children *except* the one you're hovering over */
color: red;
}
More info here: https://codyhouse.co/nuggets/styling-siblings-on-hover
Change the H1 tag into a link, style it the same as the normal text maybe?
And then use this,
a:link {color:#FF0000;}
a:hover {color:#FF00FF;}
And it should work when you hover :) you can also make it specific by containing it in a div and then targeting it like this:
.exampledivname a:link {color:#FF0000;}
.exampledivname a:hover {color:#FF00FF;}
This should help.
Someone helped me with this so I thought I would share here as well.
In your first example that is indeed impossible with pure CSS. However, when you wrap it with a parent container you then have the ability to do a bunch of stuff with hovering children.
#banner:hover>h1{
color:red;
}
h1:hover{
color:black !important;
}
#banner{
display:inline-block;
}
.button{
display:inline-block;
font-size:24px;
width:100%;
border:1px solid black;
text-align:center;
}
h1{
padding:0;
margin:0;
}
<div id="banner">
<h1>Heading</h1>
<a class="button" href="#">Button!</a>
</div>
The parent just controls the children who aren't currently being hovered. You then can set hover states for individual elements and classes to make sibling selection possible without JS.
Here is a more advanced example of this in action
https://codepen.io/levyA/pen/gOrdaLJ
For set styles in sibling elements you can use ~ character
in first case when h1 hovered set color for a tag
and in second case when a is hovered, change background color of h1 section
h1:hover ~ a {
color: #e34423;
}
a:hover ~ h1 {
background-color: #eee;
}
This might work, I've recently used this idea to stop sibling elements in an animation.
h1 { color: inherit; }
#banner:hover { color: your choice; }