In a ColdFusion application I have a query with several joins and I need one MAX number from one of the tables. I am getting all tangled up in 'only_full_group_by'. I cannot disable it in etc or in the Administrator, because I am on a shared system and have no access to those. I'd like to disable it at run time. Here's a simplified version of the query:
<cfquery name = 'test' datasource = 'whatever'>
select PersActExt,PersActPaid,PersActMdate,PersActbl,
PersTrId,PersTrMas,PersTrSub,PersTrCode,
MAX(PersTrPaid), MAX(PersTrDate)
from PersActiv
left join PersTrans on
PersTrId = PersActId and
PersTrMas = PersActMas and
PersTrSub = PersActSub and
PersTrCode = PersActCode
where PersActMas = 'bill'
group by PersTrId,PersTrMas,PersTrSub,PersTrCode
</cfquery>
The fact is the condition PersActMas = 'bill' reduces this to one record per Person in the PersAct table. I suppose I could put a MAX on all those Persact type fields, but there are other tables that also have to be joined in; and frankly I don't want a MAX on everything just to pick up one Max number in PersTr.
Is there a way to disable the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY mode within the query? Or better yet within the application? Or can anyone suggest another way around this problem. I know I can split this up into several queries and then stitch everything back together in ColdFusion, but that's a lot of code to get around this bad MySql mode.
Thinking laterally about the problem, could you restructure your query to join the PersAct table to a pre-aggregated subquery? This removes the need to perform a grouping on the outer query and running up against the limitation of your setup.
SELECT
PersActExt,
PersActPaid,
PersActMdate,
PersActbl,
PersTrId,
PersTrMas,
PersTrSub,
PersTrCode,
MaxPersTrPaid,
MaxPersTrDate
FROM
PersActiv
LEFT JOIN
(
SELECT
PersTrId,
PersTrMas,
PersTrSub,
PersTrCode,
MAX(PersTrPaid) AS MaxPersTrPaid,
MAX(PersTrDate) AS MaxPersTrDate
FROM
PersTrans
GROUP BY
PersTrId,
PersTrMas,
PersTrSub,
PersTrCode
) AS PersTr ON
PersTrId = PersActId and
PersTrMas = PersActMas and
PersTrSub = PersActSub and
PersTrCode = PersActCode
WHERE PersActMas = 'bill'
Edit:
For those wanting to know how to remove the 'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY' on an ad hoc basis, you need to add the below snippet to your query.
SET SESSION sql_mode = sys.list_drop(##session.sql_mode, 'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY');
This will only work if the DB user used in ColdFusion has the correct permissions and the option to allow multiple queries in a cfquery call is set.
Tested the query on MySQL 5.7 here: https://dbfiddle.uk/E1em1_k2
I tested with your query, with the last line as you wrote it:
...
group by PersTrId,PersTrMas,PersTrSub,PersTrCode;
This resulted in the error due to the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY:
Expression #1 of SELECT list is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column 'test.PersActiv.PersActExt' which is not functionally dependent on columns in GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by
Then I tested with an alternative last line:
...
group by PersActId,PersActMas,PersActSub,PersActCode;
This works with the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY at the default value. See the demo for proof. Note that I had to do my alternative query first, because the dbfiddle aborts when it gets an error.
The reason is that MySQL 5.7 introduced the capability to infer functional dependencies when using GROUP BY on the primary key.
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/group-by-handling.html
SQL:1999 and later permits such nonaggregates per optional feature T301 if they are functionally dependent on GROUP BY columns: If such a relationship exists between name and custid, the query is legal. This would be the case, for example, were custid a primary key of customers.
MySQL 5.7.5 and later implements detection of functional dependence.
Since the four columns in the GROUP BY are in fact the primary key of the PersActive table, MySQL can tell that other columns of that table are guaranteed to have one value per grouping.
There are multiple rows in PersTrans, but the functional dependencies are still analyzed, so the columns that are known to be equal to primary key columns of PersActiv are still okay to use in the query without aggregation. The other columns of PersTrans that are not functionally dependent are already in MAX() expressions in your query, which also satisfies the requirement.
I conclude that functional dependency analysis works in MySQL 5.7, and this would be an effective workaround in the case you show.
You wrote:
I'm used to a system where if there is an aggregated field and some fields are not aggregated, the first or last value of that the non-aggregated field is automatically used.
In my experience, this includes only MySQL prior to 5.7, or SQLite. It's illegitimate in the ANSI/ISO SQL standard, and other SQL implementations conform to the standard.
MySQL 5.7 does not have a "bad sql mode" — it has been corrected to enforce the rule per the SQL standard, like most other brands of SQL also do.
Back to your original question:
Is there a way to disable the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY mode within the query? Or better yet within the application?
You can change the sql mode globally, either in the my.cnf options file, or using SET GLOBAL sql_mode='...';. I would do both, because if you change options dynamically with SET GLOBAL, they are reset to whatever is in the options file the next time you restart the MySQL Server.
You can also change the sql mode in a session with SET SESSION sql_mode='...'; and it takes effect for the remainder of the current session. But SET SESSION is a separate statement that you would have to execute in the session prior to your query. It can't be combined with a query.
There is an option in MySQL 8.0 to use the "hint" syntax to set certain options for the scope of a single SQL query. But in your case, you're using MySQL 5.7, so you'd have to upgrade to get this feature.
A similar feature exists in Percona Server 5.6 and later to set a variable for one statement. This does not apply if you use stock MySQL. You'd have to use the Percona branch of MySQL.
Regardless, I recommend you do not change the sql mode. It's proper that it behaves the way it does, because it prevents queries that may inadvertently produce wrong results.
Hello im going through a tutorial on SQL joins and this statement below is throwing "sql_mode=only_full_group_by" error. I copied this directly from the tutorial and its working for him. Do I just need to disable this mode in the terminal?
SELECT *
FROM customers
JOIN orders
ON customers.id = orders.customer_id
GROUP BY orders.customer_id;
If the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY SQL mode is enabled (which it is by default), MySQL rejects queries for which the select list, HAVING condition, or ORDER BY list refer to nonaggregated columns that are neither named in the GROUP BY clause nor are functionally dependent on them. [1]
You can disable this, but it really makes sense to leave it enabled. Think about the following case:
id | type
---|-----
1 | foo
2 | foo
3 | bar
If you used a similar query to yours, select * from table group by type, what would you expect the output to be? Perhaps you expect two rows, foo and bar, but what do you expect to be in the id column, namely for the foo record? Should we just choose the earliest record? The latest record? A random record? This is what the error is telling you - instead of having the database engine choose for you, you must be explicit.
So, in your example, you need to think about what the resulting data should look like. Maybe instead of select * you want select customers.name, count(*) ..., etc.
The reason this works for the tutorial you're following is either they don't have only_full_group_by enabled or they're using a MySql version older than 5.7.5 where this was introduced. In this case, the server is free to choose any value from each group, which is probably not what you want.
Finally, if you want your console to behave in the same way your tutorial is behaving, you can disable ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY in the console by:
mysql > SET GLOBAL sql_mode=(SELECT REPLACE(##sql_mode,'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY',''));
[1] https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/group-by-handling.html
I recently installed MySQL 8 and found out that some queries no longer run. The error is:
SQL Error (1022): Can't write; duplicate key in table 'C:\WINDOWS\SERVIC~1\NETWOR~1\AppData\Local\Temp\#sql2db8_13_26'
There were no issues with MySQL 5.7 or older versions.
All my research in forums showed that this usually happens in case of foreign keys and constraints. I don't have any, just Primary key and 2 indexes.
My query produces 843 columns with KPIs all of which are aggregated with sum(). What made me impression is that if I remove approx 2/3 of the query content the query runs normally without any errors. Also if I remove group by or all of sums there are no issues either.
So I am wondering whether there is any new limatitaion of number of aggregate operators in MySQL 8.0.
A simplified example of my query is below. Table is running MyISAM.
select Time,eNodeB,
round((sum(`L.E-RAB.SuccEst.QCI.1`)/sum(`L.E-RAB.AttEst.QCI.1`))*100,3) as RAB_Est_SR,
sum(`L.E-RAB.AttEst.QCI.1`) as RAB_Est_att,
...
from h_cell
where enodeb='10006' and time>='2018-01-01'
group by time
No! there is no limitation. As your error message said, you have duplicate key for grouping. This means your usage of GROUP BY is not true! You must use every column (Except scalar ones) in front of select in GROUP clause.
So, you must change your query to:
select Time,eNodeB,
round((sum(`L.E-RAB.SuccEst.QCI.1`)/sum(`L.E-RAB.AttEst.QCI.1`))*100,3) as RAB_Est_SR,
sum(`L.E-RAB.AttEst.QCI.1`) as RAB_Est_att,
...
from h_cell
where enodeb='10006' and time>='2018-01-01'
group by time,eNodeB
The following sql query (generated by Hibernate):
SELECT DISTINCT foreign_id FROM customer WHERE foreign_id IS NOT NULL ORDER BY name
Returns this error message:
Error Code: 3065. Expression #1 of ORDER BY clause is not in SELECT list, references column 'name' which is not in SELECT list; this is incompatible with DISTINCT
This is because the mysql mode ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY is set on the mysql server. We're not allowed to tinker with the sql modes.
Is there a way to tell Hibernate to include every necessary column in the select list? Is there another way to avoid this error message?
I had the same problem and before finding the answer I first landed here. Just to help others I will post the link to the other forum where I found the answer.
How to avoid this error message ? Disable ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY in hibernate
Thanks
must appear in the GROUP BY clause or be used in an aggregate function
I am doing inner join between two tables and used one of the foreign key in base table within group by and the above error was thrown. But it works fine in MYSQL
I believe you are speaking about mysql < 5.7 this is a non standard feature in mysql which they did away with mysql 5.7
Please see : https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-mode.html#sqlmode_only_full_group_by
sqlmode_only_full_group_by
Reject queries for which the select list, HAVING condition, or ORDER
BY list refer to nonaggregated columns that are neither named in the
GROUP BY clause nor are functionally dependent on (uniquely determined
by) GROUP BY columns.
As of MySQL 5.7.5, the default SQL mode includes ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY.
(Before 5.7.5, MySQL does not detect functional dependency and
ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY is not enabled by default. For a description of
pre-5.7.5 behavior, see the MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual.)