I'm trying to construct a layout similar to the following:
+---+---+---+
| | | |
+---+---+---+
| |
+-----------+
where the bottom is filling the space of the upper row.
If this were an actual table, I could easily accomplish this with <td colspan="3">, but as I'm simply creating a table-like layout, I cannot use <table> tags. Is this possible using CSS?
There's no simple, elegant CSS analog for colspan.
Searches on this very issue will return a variety of solutions that include a bevy of alternatives, including absolute positioning, sizing, along with a similar variety of browser- and circumstance-specific caveats. Read, and make the best informed decision you can based on what you find.
There is no colspan in css as far as I know, but there will be column-span for multi column layout in the near future, but since it is only a draft in CSS3, you can check it in here. Anyway you can do a workaround using div and span with table-like display like this.
This would be the HTML:
<div class="table">
<div class="row">
<span class="cell red first"></span>
<span class="cell blue fill"></span>
<span class="cell green last"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="table">
<div class="row">
<span class="cell black"></span>
</div>
</div>
And this would be the css:
/* this is to reproduce table-like structure
for the sake of table-less layout. */
.table { display:table; table-layout:fixed; width:100px; }
.row { display:table-row; height:10px; }
.cell { display:table-cell; }
/* this is where the colspan tricks works. */
span { width:100%; }
/* below is for visual recognition test purposes only. */
.red { background:red; }
.blue { background:blue; }
.green { background:green; }
.black { background:black; }
/* this is the benefit of using table display, it is able
to set the width of it's child object to fill the rest of
the parent width as in table */
.first { width: 20px; }
.last { width: 30px; }
.fill { width: 100%; }
The only reason to use this trick is to gain the benefit of table-layout behaviour, I use it alot if only setting div and span width to certain percentage didn't fullfil our design requirement.
But if you don't need to benefit from the table-layout behaviour, then durilai's answer would suit you enough.
Another suggestion is using flexbox instead of tables altogether. This is a "modern browser" thing of course, but come on, it's 2016 ;)
At least this might be an alternative solution for those looking for an answer to this nowadays, since the original post was from 2010.
Here's a great guide: https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/
.table {
border: 1px solid red;
padding: 2px;
max-width: 300px;
display: flex;
flex-flow: row wrap;
}
.table-cell {
border: 1px solid blue;
flex: 1 30%;
}
.colspan-3 {
border: 1px solid green;
flex: 1 100%;
}
<div class="table">
<div class="table-cell">
row 1 - cell 1
</div>
<div class="table-cell">
row 1 - cell 2
</div>
<div class="table-cell">
row 1 - cell 3
</div>
<div class="table-cell colspan-3">
row 2 - cell 1 (spans 3 columns)
</div>
</div>
<div style="width: 100%;">
<div style="float: left; width: 33%;">Row 1 - Cell 1</div>
<div style="float: left; width: 34%;">Row 1 - Cell 2</div>
<div style="float: left; width: 33%;">Row 1 - Cell 3</div>
</div>
<div style="clear: left; width: 100%;">
Row 2 - Cell 1
</div>
To provide an up-to-date answer: The best way to do this today is to use css grid layout like this:
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-template-rows: auto;
grid-template-areas:
"top-left top-middle top-right"
"bottom bottom bottom"
}
.item-a {
grid-area: top-left;
}
.item-b {
grid-area: top-middle;
}
.item-c {
grid-area: top-right;
}
.item-d {
grid-area: bottom;
}
and the HTML
<div class="container">
<div class="item-a">1</div>
<div class="item-b">2</div>
<div class="item-c">3</div>
<div class="item-d">123</div>
</div>
That isn't part of the purview of CSS. colspan describes the structure of the page's content, or gives some meaning to the data in the table, which is HTML's job.
I've had some success, although it relies on a few properties to work:
table-layout: fixed
border-collapse: separate
and cell 'widths' that divide/span easily, i.e. 4 x cells of 25% width:
.div-table-cell,
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.div-table {
display: table;
border: solid 1px #ccc;
border-left: none;
border-bottom: none;
table-layout: fixed;
margin: 10px auto;
width: 50%;
border-collapse: separate;
background: #eee;
}
.div-table-row {
display: table-row;
}
.div-table-cell {
display: table-cell;
padding: 15px;
border-left: solid 1px #ccc;
border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc;
text-align: center;
background: #ddd;
}
.colspan-3 {
width: 300%;
display: table;
background: #eee;
}
.row-1 .div-table-cell:before {
content: "row 1: ";
}
.row-2 .div-table-cell:before {
content: "row 2: ";
}
.row-3 .div-table-cell:before {
content: "row 3: ";
font-weight: bold;
}
.div-table-row-at-the-top {
display: table-header-group;
}
<div class="div-table">
<div class="div-table-row row-1">
<div class="div-table-cell">Cell 1</div>
<div class="div-table-cell">Cell 2</div>
<div class="div-table-cell">Cell 3</div>
</div>
<div class="div-table-row row-2">
<div class="div-table-cell colspan-3">
Cor blimey he's only gone and done it.
</div>
</div>
<div class="div-table-row row-3">
<div class="div-table-cell">Cell 1</div>
<div class="div-table-cell">Cell 2</div>
<div class="div-table-cell">Cell 3</div>
</div>
</div>
https://jsfiddle.net/sfjw26rb/2/
Also, applying display:table-header-group or table-footer-group is a handy way of jumping 'row' elements to the top/bottom of the 'table'.
You could trying using a grid system like http://960.gs/
Your code would be something like this, assuming you're using a "12 column" layout:
<div class="container_12">
<div class="grid_4">1</div><div class="grid_4">2</div><div class="grid_4">3</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
<div class="grid_12">123</div>
</div>
Try adding display: table-cell; width: 1%; to your table cell element.
.table-cell {
display: table-cell;
width: 1%;
padding: 4px;
border: 1px solid #efefef;
}
<div class="table">
<div class="table-cell">one</div>
<div class="table-cell">two</div>
<div class="table-cell">three</div>
<div class="table-cell">four</div>
</div>
<div class="table">
<div class="table-cell">one</div>
<div class="table-cell">two</div>
<div class="table-cell">three</div>
<div class="table-cell">four</div>
</div>
<div class="table">
<div class="table-cell">one</div>
</div>
The CSS properties "column-count", "column-gap", and "column-span" can do this in a way that keeps all the columns of the pseudo-table inside the same wrapper (HTML stays nice and neat).
The only caveats are that you can only define 1 column or all columns, and column-span doesn't yet work in Firefox, so some additional CSS is necessary to ensure it will displays correctly.
https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_multiple_columns.asp
.split-me {
-webkit-column-count: 3;
-webkit-column-gap: 0;
-moz-column-count: 3;
-moz-column-gap: 0;
column-count: 3;
column-gap: 0;
}
.cols {
/* column-span is 1 by default */
column-span: 1;
}
div.three-span {
column-span: all !important;
}
/* alternate style for column-span in Firefox */
#-moz-document url-prefix(){
.three-span {
position: absolute;
left: 8px;
right: 8px;
top: auto;
width: auto;
}
}
<p>The column width stays fully dynamic, just like flex-box, evenly scaling on resize.</p>
<div class='split-me'>
<div class='col-1 cols'>Text inside Column 1 div.</div>
<div class='col-2 cols'>Text inside Column 2 div.</div>
<div class='col-3 cols'>Text inside Column 3 div.</div>
<div class='three-span'>Text div spanning 3 columns.</div>
</div>
<style>
/* Non-Essential Visual Styles */
html * { font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; text-align: center; }
.split-me>* { padding: 5px; }
.cols { border: 2px dashed black; border-left: none; }
.col-1 { background-color: #ddffff; border-left: 2px dashed black; }
.col-2 { background-color: #ffddff; }
.col-3 { background-color: #ffffdd; }
.three-span {
border: 2px dashed black; border-top: none;
text-align: center; background-color: #ddffdd;
}
</style>
if you use div and span it will occupy more code size when the datagrid-table row are more in volume. This below code is checked in all browsers
HTML:
<div id="gridheading">
<h4>Sl.No</h4><h4 class="big">Name</h4><h4>Location</h4><h4>column</h4><h4>column</h4><h4>column</h4><h4>Amount(Rs)</h4><h4>View</h4><h4>Edit</h4><h4>Delete</h4>
</div>
<div class="data">
<h4>01</h4><h4 class="big">test</h4><h4>TVM</h4><h4>A</h4><h4>I</h4><h4>4575</h4><h4>4575</h4></div>
<div class="data">
<h4>01</h4><h4 class="big">test</h4><h4>TVM</h4><h4>A</h4><h4>I</h4><h4>4575</h4><h4>4575</h4></div>
CSS:
#gridheading {
background: #ccc;
border-bottom: 1px dotted #BBBBBB;
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 30px;
text-transform: capitalize;
}
.data {
border-bottom: 1px dotted #BBBBBB;
display: block;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 20px;
text-align: left;
word-wrap: break-word;
}
h4 {
border-right: thin dotted #000000;
display: table-cell;
margin-right: 100px;
text-align: center;
width: 100px;
word-wrap: break-word;
}
.data .big {
margin-right: 150px;
width: 200px;
}
If you come here because you have to turn on or off the colspan attribute (say for a mobile layout):
Duplicate the <td>s and only show the ones with the desired colspan:
table.colspan--on td.single {
display: none;
}
table.colspan--off td.both {
display: none;
}
<!-- simple table -->
<table class="colspan--on">
<thead>
<th>col 1</th>
<th>col 2</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<!-- normal row -->
<td>a</td>
<td>b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<!-- the <td> spanning both columns -->
<td class="both" colspan="2">both</td>
<!-- the two single-column <td>s -->
<td class="single">A</td>
<td class="single">B</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<!-- normal row -->
<td>a</td>
<td>b</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--
that's all
-->
<!--
stuff only needed for making this interactive example looking good:
-->
<br><br>
<button onclick="toggle()">Toggle colspan</button>
<script>/*toggle classes*/var tableClasses = document.querySelector('table').classList;
function toggle() {
tableClasses.toggle('colspan--on');
tableClasses.toggle('colspan--off');
}
</script>
<style>/* some not-needed styles to make this example more appealing */
td {text-align: center;}
table, td, th {border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid black;}</style>
I came here because currently the WordPress table block doesn't support the colspan parameter and i thought i will replace it using CSS. This was my solution, assuming that the columns are the same width:
table {
width: 100%;
}
table td {
width: 50%;
background: #dbdbdb;
text-align: center;
}
table tr:nth-child(2n+1) {
position:relative;
display:block;
height:20px;
background:green;
}
table tr:nth-child(2n+1) td {
position:absolute;
left:0;
right:-100%;
width: auto;
top:0;
bottom:0;
background:red;
text-align:center;
}
<table>
<tr>
<td>row</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cell</td>
<td>cell</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>row</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cell</td>
<td>cell</td>
</tr>
</table>
You could always position:absolute; things and specify widths. It's not a very fluid way of doing it, but it would work.
I've created this fiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/wo40ev18/3/
HTML
<div id="table">
<div class="caption">
Center Caption
</div>
<div class="group">
<div class="row">
<div class="cell">Link 1t</div>
<div class="cell"></div>
<div class="cell"></div>
<div class="cell"></div>
<div class="cell"></div>
<div class="cell ">Link 2</div>
</div>
</div>
CSS
#table {
display:table;
}
.group {display: table-row-group; }
.row {
display:table-row;
height: 80px;
line-height: 80px;
}
.cell {
display:table-cell;
width:1%;
text-align: center;
border:1px solid grey;
height: 80px
line-height: 80px;
}
.caption {
border:1px solid red; caption-side: top; display: table-caption; text-align: center;
position: relative;
top: 80px;
height: 80px;
height: 80px;
line-height: 80px;
}
Media Query classes can be used to achieve something passable with duplicate markup. Here's my approach with bootstrap:
<tr class="total">
<td colspan="1" class="visible-xs"></td>
<td colspan="5" class="hidden-xs"></td>
<td class="focus">Total</td>
<td class="focus" colspan="2"><%= number_to_currency #cart.total %></td>
</tr>
colspan 1 for mobile, colspan 5 for others with CSS doing the work.
Related
I'm creating my first basic website using html and css, it's just a simple custom link tree type website where my socials will be laid out on the screen. I'm trying to create 2 columns with 3 rows. Every element in the row is spaced super far away from each other and I can't figure out how to fix this.
HTML Code:
<body class="body">
<div class="container">
<table>
<tr class="row-1">
<td><img src="images/twitch-popout.png"></td>
<td><img src="images/youtube-popout.png"></td>
<tr class="row-2">
<!--<td class="tiktok-popout"><img src="images/tiktok-popout.png"></td>
<td class="twitter-popout"><img src="images/twitter-popout.png"></td> -->
<!--<tr class="link-images">
<td class="instagram-popout"><img src="images/instagram-popout.png"></td>
<td class="discord-popout"><img src="images/discord-popout.png"></td>
</tr> -->
</table>
</div>
</body>
CSS File:
*{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body {
background: url("images/background.jpg");
background-size: 100% 100%;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
.container{
display: block;
height: 91%;
border: 3px solid red;
position: relative;
}
.container td{
margin: 0;
}
.container img{
width: 40%;
}
.row-1{
position: absolute;
align-items: center;
}
I have tried many different things and nothing I have done works
Edit: I'm attaching a picture to show what it looks like as well
As per my comment, here is a way of creating a grid with 2 columns using CSS grid.
.container {
border: 3px solid red;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 20px;
}
.container img {
width: 100%;
height: 80px;
}
<div class="container">
<img src="images/twitch-popout.png">
<img src="images/twitch-popout.png">
<img src="images/twitch-popout.png">
<img src="images/twitch-popout.png">
<img src="images/twitch-popout.png">
<img src="images/twitch-popout.png">
</div>
I am learning HTML and I am trying to align different icons in a line but in a different positions. The first element should be aligned to the left and the others aligned to the right.
E1| |E2|E3|E4
I am not sure how to implement that. Should I use a table? Or a div with <li> elements?
I tried to use a table with a blank column but it's not working
td {
background-color: yellow;
border: 1px solid black;
}
<table>
<tr>
<td width="60%"> test </td>
<td> blank </td>
<td> 1 </td>
<td> 2 </td>
<td> 3 </td>
</table>
You mean this?
Flex ratio
.box {
display: flex;
}
.box div {
background-color: yellow;
border: 1px solid black;
}
.e1{
flex: .1 0 0;
}
<div class="box">
<div class="e1">E1</div>
<div>E2</div>
<div>E3</div>
<div>E4</div>
</div>
or using table
td {
background-color: yellow;
border: 1px solid black;
}
<table>
<tr>
<td>E1</td>
<td width="60%"> </td>
<td>E2</td>
<td>E3</td>
<td>E4</td>
</table>
A common method for this is to use display: flex for the container and apply margin-left: auto to the first of the child elements that should be moved to the right. That way that left margin will grow as wide as possible within the given container and with the given settings:
.container {
width: 100%;
display: flex;
background: #ccc;
}
.container>div {
padding: 5px 10px;
}
.container>div:nth-child(2) {
margin-left: auto;
}
<div class="container">
<div> 1 </div>
<div> 2 </div>
<div> 3 </div>
<div> 4 </div>
</div>
I want to make a formatted paragraph whose image is located in left, the text is located in right with CSS.
However, it looks good when I type a single line text, but the top position is changed when I type two-line text or more.
Its source is on
http://jsfiddle.net/RXrvZ/1883/
and the main part of CSS is:
.post-container {
margin: 20px 20px 0 0;
border: 1px dotted #333;
overflow: auto;
}
.greenbox {
display: block;
border: 1px dotted #383;
width: 100%;
}
.redbox {
display: inline-block;
border: 1px dotted #f33;
width: 70%;
height: 100px;
}
.redbox10 {
display: inline-block;
border: 1px dotted #f33;
width: 20%;
height: 100px;
}
And its HTML code is like:
<div class="greenbox">
<div class="redbox10">
<img src="#">
</div>
<div class="redbox">
One Line Text
</div>
</div>
How can I place the top line same whatever I type in?
Thanks for your help.
Set the left column to align at the top.
.redbox10 {
vertical-align: top;
}
JSfiddle
You need to specify vertical align to be top:
.redbox, img{
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: top;
}
Here's the updated demo
you should use float:
.redbox {
float: left;
}
.redbox10 {
float: left;
}
you can give them a margin for some space.
Demo
Demo With Margin
This could be rather simplified if made using a table.
I hope this helps.
.mainTable{
padding: 10px;
}
.outerRow{
padding: 10px;
}
.imageColumn{
border: 1px solid;
padding: 10px;
vertical-align: top;
}
.textColumn{
border: 1px solid;
padding: 10px;
}
<div class="container">
<table class="mainTable">
<tr class="outerRow">
<td class="imageColumn">
<img src="#"/>
</td>
<td class="textColumn">
One Line Text
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerRow">
<td class="imageColumn">
<img src="#"/>
</td>
<td class="textColumn">
Two Lines Text - rai oda bi iod ieo idooosido oiojs oijodif oijoa oijsdf
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerRow">
<td class="imageColumn">
<img src="#"/>
</td>
<td class="textColumn">
Three Lines Text - rai oda bi iod ieo idooosido oiojs oijodif oijoa oijsdf hello hello hello hello hello hellohellohellohellohellohello
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
I need to create a layout that has a toolbar, a (variable height) tab line, a content view and an info view. The entire content must always fill the entire browser window, without causing a scrollbar to appear. Only the content and info panels can have scrollbars, and only when they overflow. My layout so far seems to be working in Chrome, but not in Firefox or Internet Explorer. I can't use absolute positions, because the tab line can vary in height, and I would really like to avoid using JavaScript for layout.
Right now I have this markup:
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="toolbar">toolbar</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tabs">
<td colspan="2" class="tabs">tabs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="content">
<div>content content content content</div>
</td>
<td class="info">info</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
And this css:
html, body, body > table {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body > table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
}
body > table > tbody > tr > td {
padding: 0;
vertical-align: top;
}
.toolbar { background-color: red; }
.tabs { background-color: green; }
.content {
background-color: blue;
height: 100%;
}
.content > div {
height: 100%;
overflow: auto;
}
.info {
background-color: yellow;
width: 300px;
}
It must look like this:
Try something like this fiddle
Its more complicated than a regular table layout using CSS, but should work for you with some tweaking.
HTML
<div class='viewport'>
<div class='caption'>
<div class='toolbar'>toolbar</div>
<div class='tabs'>tabs</div>
</div>
<div class='row'>
<div class='content'>content</div>
<div class='info'>info</div>
</div>
</div>
CSS
body, .viewport{
height:100%;
width:100%;
padding:0;
margin:0;
overflow:hidden;
}
.viewport{
display:table;
position:fixed;
height:100%;
}
.row{
display:table-row;
}
.caption{
display: table-caption;
}
.content, .info{
display:table-cell;
}
.toolbar{
background:red;
}
.tabs{
background:green;
}
.content{
background:blue;
}
.info{
background:yellow;
}
How can I make a table in css/html like this:
I want to use only div, not <table> tags.
Code, yet:
<style>
.tab_in {
display: table-cell;
border: 1px dotted red;
padding: 4px 6px;
}
</style>
<div style="text-align:center;">
<div class="tab_in">
<div>a</div>
<div>b</div>
</div>
<div class="tab_in" style="vertical-align:middle;">c</div>
<div class="tab_in" style="vertical-align:middle;">d</div>
<div class="tab_in" style="vertical-align:middle;">e</div>
</div>
Use fluid grid system which uses percents instead of pixels for column widths. and handle the external width of it using a external container.
You can do something like:
JSFiddle Demo
HTML:
<div class="box">
<div class="row-fluid show-grid">
<div class="span4">
<div class="rowspan2">
<span class="valign-helper"></span>
a
</div>
<div class="rowspan2">
<span class="valign-helper"></span>
b
</div>
</div>
<div class="span4">
<div>c</div>
<div>d</div>
<div>e</div>
<div>f</div>
</div>
<div class="span4">
<div>g</div>
<div>h</div>
<div>i</div>
<div>j</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Note: to vertically align text you can also do using "display: table-cell" css property to the class 'rowspan2'. and remove the tag with class "valign-helper"
CSS:
body {
margin: 50px;
}
.box {
width:500px;
padding: 0 10px;
background-color: #000;
}
.show-grid [class*="span"] div {
background-color: #fff;
text-align: center;
min-height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
margin-left: 0;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.show-grid [class*="span"] .rowspan2 {
height: 90px;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.valign-helper {
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
}
Here's an example of one way you might accomplish this:
http://jsfiddle.net/mori57/cDEGw/1/
html:
<table class="tab_out">
<tr>
<td rowspan="0" class="col">
<div class="tab_in">a</div>
<div class="tab_in">b</div>
</td>
<td><div class="tab_in">c</div></td>
<td><div class="tab_in">g</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div class="tab_in">d</div></td>
<td><div class="tab_in">h</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div class="tab_in">e</div></td>
<td><div class="tab_in">i</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div class="tab_in">f</div></td>
<td><div class="tab_in">j</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
CSS:
.tab_out {
width: 800px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
text-align:center;
}
.tab_out td {
border:1px dotted red;
padding: 4px 6px;
margin-bottom: 0;
vertical-align:middle;
}
.tab_in {
display: block;
border: 1px dotted green;
}
Is this any closer to what you're looking for? I really don't see an efficient way to accomplish your layout without using a table, at this point. Mind you, the div inside each TD is optional, I just used it to show you where the element actually appears inside the table.