Extract Nested Array/Struct Spark DataFrame [duplicate] - json

Question

How Can I query an RDD with complex types such as maps/arrays?
for example, when I was writing this test code:
case class Test(name: String, map: Map[String, String])
val map = Map("hello" -> "world", "hey" -> "there")
val map2 = Map("hello" -> "people", "hey" -> "you")
val rdd = sc.parallelize(Array(Test("first", map), Test("second", map2)))
I thought the syntax would be something like:
sqlContext.sql("SELECT * FROM rdd WHERE map.hello = world")
or
sqlContext.sql("SELECT * FROM rdd WHERE map[hello] = world")
but I get
Can't access nested field in type MapType(StringType,StringType,true)
and
org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.errors.package$TreeNodeException: Unresolved attributes
respectively.

Answer 1

It depends on a type of the column. Lets start with some dummy data:
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.{udf, lit}
import scala.util.Try
case class SubRecord(x: Int)
case class ArrayElement(foo: String, bar: Int, vals: Array[Double])
case class Record(
an_array: Array[Int], a_map: Map[String, String],
a_struct: SubRecord, an_array_of_structs: Array[ArrayElement])
val df = sc.parallelize(Seq(
Record(Array(1, 2, 3), Map("foo" -> "bar"), SubRecord(1),
Array(
ArrayElement("foo", 1, Array(1.0, 2.0, 2.0)),
ArrayElement("bar", 2, Array(3.0, 4.0, 5.0)))),
Record(Array(4, 5, 6), Map("foz" -> "baz"), SubRecord(2),
Array(ArrayElement("foz", 3, Array(5.0, 6.0)),
ArrayElement("baz", 4, Array(7.0, 8.0))))
)).toDF
df.registerTempTable("df")
df.printSchema
// root
// |-- an_array: array (nullable = true)
// | |-- element: integer (containsNull = false)
// |-- a_map: map (nullable = true)
// | |-- key: string
// | |-- value: string (valueContainsNull = true)
// |-- a_struct: struct (nullable = true)
// | |-- x: integer (nullable = false)
// |-- an_array_of_structs: array (nullable = true)
// | |-- element: struct (containsNull = true)
// | | |-- foo: string (nullable = true)
// | | |-- bar: integer (nullable = false)
// | | |-- vals: array (nullable = true)
// | | | |-- element: double (containsNull = false)
array (ArrayType) columns:
Column.getItem method
df.select($"an_array".getItem(1)).show
// +-----------+
// |an_array[1]|
// +-----------+
// | 2|
// | 5|
// +-----------+
Hive brackets syntax:
sqlContext.sql("SELECT an_array[1] FROM df").show
// +---+
// |_c0|
// +---+
// | 2|
// | 5|
// +---+
an UDF
val get_ith = udf((xs: Seq[Int], i: Int) => Try(xs(i)).toOption)
df.select(get_ith($"an_array", lit(1))).show
// +---------------+
// |UDF(an_array,1)|
// +---------------+
// | 2|
// | 5|
// +---------------+
Additionally to the methods listed above Spark supports a growing list of built-in functions operating on complex types. Notable examples include higher order functions like transform (SQL 2.4+, Scala 3.0+, PySpark / SparkR 3.1+):
df.selectExpr("transform(an_array, x -> x + 1) an_array_inc").show
// +------------+
// |an_array_inc|
// +------------+
// | [2, 3, 4]|
// | [5, 6, 7]|
// +------------+
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.transform
df.select(transform($"an_array", x => x + 1) as "an_array_inc").show
// +------------+
// |an_array_inc|
// +------------+
// | [2, 3, 4]|
// | [5, 6, 7]|
// +------------+
filter (SQL 2.4+, Scala 3.0+, Python / SparkR 3.1+)
df.selectExpr("filter(an_array, x -> x % 2 == 0) an_array_even").show
// +-------------+
// |an_array_even|
// +-------------+
// | [2]|
// | [4, 6]|
// +-------------+
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.filter
df.select(filter($"an_array", x => x % 2 === 0) as "an_array_even").show
// +-------------+
// |an_array_even|
// +-------------+
// | [2]|
// | [4, 6]|
// +-------------+
aggregate (SQL 2.4+, Scala 3.0+, PySpark / SparkR 3.1+):
df.selectExpr("aggregate(an_array, 0, (acc, x) -> acc + x, acc -> acc) an_array_sum").show
// +------------+
// |an_array_sum|
// +------------+
// | 6|
// | 15|
// +------------+
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.aggregate
df.select(aggregate($"an_array", lit(0), (x, y) => x + y) as "an_array_sum").show
// +------------+
// |an_array_sum|
// +------------+
// | 6|
// | 15|
// +------------+
array processing functions (array_*) like array_distinct (2.4+):
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.array_distinct
df.select(array_distinct($"an_array_of_structs.vals"(0))).show
// +-------------------------------------------+
// |array_distinct(an_array_of_structs.vals[0])|
// +-------------------------------------------+
// | [1.0, 2.0]|
// | [5.0, 6.0]|
// +-------------------------------------------+
array_max (array_min, 2.4+):
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.array_max
df.select(array_max($"an_array")).show
// +-------------------+
// |array_max(an_array)|
// +-------------------+
// | 3|
// | 6|
// +-------------------+
flatten (2.4+)
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.flatten
df.select(flatten($"an_array_of_structs.vals")).show
// +---------------------------------+
// |flatten(an_array_of_structs.vals)|
// +---------------------------------+
// | [1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3...|
// | [5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0]|
// +---------------------------------+
arrays_zip (2.4+):
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.arrays_zip
df.select(arrays_zip($"an_array_of_structs.vals"(0), $"an_array_of_structs.vals"(1))).show(false)
// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// |arrays_zip(an_array_of_structs.vals[0], an_array_of_structs.vals[1])|
// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+
// |[[1.0, 3.0], [2.0, 4.0], [2.0, 5.0]] |
// |[[5.0, 7.0], [6.0, 8.0]] |
// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+
array_union (2.4+):
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.array_union
df.select(array_union($"an_array_of_structs.vals"(0), $"an_array_of_structs.vals"(1))).show
// +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
// |array_union(an_array_of_structs.vals[0], an_array_of_structs.vals[1])|
// +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
// | [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4...|
// | [5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0]|
// +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
slice (2.4+):
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.slice
df.select(slice($"an_array", 2, 2)).show
// +---------------------+
// |slice(an_array, 2, 2)|
// +---------------------+
// | [2, 3]|
// | [5, 6]|
// +---------------------+
map (MapType) columns
using Column.getField method:
df.select($"a_map".getField("foo")).show
// +----------+
// |a_map[foo]|
// +----------+
// | bar|
// | null|
// +----------+
using Hive brackets syntax:
sqlContext.sql("SELECT a_map['foz'] FROM df").show
// +----+
// | _c0|
// +----+
// |null|
// | baz|
// +----+
using a full path with dot syntax:
df.select($"a_map.foo").show
// +----+
// | foo|
// +----+
// | bar|
// |null|
// +----+
using an UDF
val get_field = udf((kvs: Map[String, String], k: String) => kvs.get(k))
df.select(get_field($"a_map", lit("foo"))).show
// +--------------+
// |UDF(a_map,foo)|
// +--------------+
// | bar|
// | null|
// +--------------+
Growing number of map_* functions like map_keys (2.3+)
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.map_keys
df.select(map_keys($"a_map")).show
// +---------------+
// |map_keys(a_map)|
// +---------------+
// | [foo]|
// | [foz]|
// +---------------+
or map_values (2.3+)
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.map_values
df.select(map_values($"a_map")).show
// +-----------------+
// |map_values(a_map)|
// +-----------------+
// | [bar]|
// | [baz]|
// +-----------------+
Please check SPARK-23899 for a detailed list.
struct (StructType) columns using full path with dot syntax:
with DataFrame API
df.select($"a_struct.x").show
// +---+
// | x|
// +---+
// | 1|
// | 2|
// +---+
with raw SQL
sqlContext.sql("SELECT a_struct.x FROM df").show
// +---+
// | x|
// +---+
// | 1|
// | 2|
// +---+
fields inside array of structs can be accessed using dot-syntax, names and standard Column methods:
df.select($"an_array_of_structs.foo").show
// +----------+
// | foo|
// +----------+
// |[foo, bar]|
// |[foz, baz]|
// +----------+
sqlContext.sql("SELECT an_array_of_structs[0].foo FROM df").show
// +---+
// |_c0|
// +---+
// |foo|
// |foz|
// +---+
df.select($"an_array_of_structs.vals".getItem(1).getItem(1)).show
// +------------------------------+
// |an_array_of_structs.vals[1][1]|
// +------------------------------+
// | 4.0|
// | 8.0|
// +------------------------------+
user defined types (UDTs) fields can be accessed using UDFs. See Spark SQL referencing attributes of UDT for details.
Notes:
depending on a Spark version some of these methods can be available only with HiveContext. UDFs should work independent of version with both standard SQLContext and HiveContext.
generally speaking nested values are a second class citizens. Not all typical operations are supported on nested fields. Depending on a context it could be better to flatten the schema and / or explode collections
df.select(explode($"an_array_of_structs")).show
// +--------------------+
// | col|
// +--------------------+
// |[foo,1,WrappedArr...|
// |[bar,2,WrappedArr...|
// |[foz,3,WrappedArr...|
// |[baz,4,WrappedArr...|
// +--------------------+
Dot syntax can be combined with wildcard character (*) to select (possibly multiple) fields without specifying names explicitly:
df.select($"a_struct.*").show
// +---+
// | x|
// +---+
// | 1|
// | 2|
// +---+
JSON columns can be queried using get_json_object and from_json functions. See How to query JSON data column using Spark DataFrames? for details.

Answer 2

Once You convert it to DF, u can simply fetch data as
val rddRow= rdd.map(kv=>{
val k = kv._1
val v = kv._2
Row(k, v)
})
val myFld1 = StructField("name", org.apache.spark.sql.types.StringType, true)
val myFld2 = StructField("map", org.apache.spark.sql.types.MapType(StringType, StringType), true)
val arr = Array( myFld1, myFld2)
val schema = StructType( arr )
val rowrddDF = sqc.createDataFrame(rddRow, schema)
rowrddDF.registerTempTable("rowtbl")
val rowrddDFFinal = rowrddDF.select(rowrddDF("map.one"))
or
val rowrddDFFinal = rowrddDF.select("map.one")

Answer 3

here was what I did and it worked
case class Test(name: String, m: Map[String, String])
val map = Map("hello" -> "world", "hey" -> "there")
val map2 = Map("hello" -> "people", "hey" -> "you")
val rdd = sc.parallelize(Array(Test("first", map), Test("second", map2)))
val rdddf = rdd.toDF
rdddf.registerTempTable("mytable")
sqlContext.sql("select m.hello from mytable").show
Results
+------+
| hello|
+------+
| world|
|people|
+------+