Can't change charset in MySQL 5.7 (from latin to utf8) - mysql

Question

I installed MySQL 5.7.8 on my Ubuntu 14.04.
But I can't modify MySQL default charset. I want to change charset to utf8.
I've searched and view many articles on the internet, but every method that I tried don't apply for me.
I already add 'character-set-server=utf8' and 'collation-server=utf8_general_ci' in /etc/mysql/my.cnf. but it's not working...
How can I change my charset of MySQL? Please answer to me!
Status in MySQL
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: latin1
Db characterset: latin1
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
Uptime: 1 min 24 sec
show variables like 'c%'
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| check_proxy_users | OFF |
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
| completion_type | NO_CHAIN |
| concurrent_insert | AUTO |
| connect_timeout | 10 |
| core_file | OFF |
my.cnf (in /etc/mysql)
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
init_connect=set collation_connection=utf8_general_ci
init_connect=set names utf8
character-set-client-handshake=FALSE

Answer 1

Setting UTF-8 character set and collation for the MySQL server:
sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
Then press i and add the following:
...
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
...
Press Esc then :w then :q!
Then restart the server:
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
Check your configuration:
mysql> show variables like "%character%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like "%collation%";
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Setting UTF-8 character set and collation for the database and tables:
Specify it explicitly when creating the database:
CREATE DATABASE some_database CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
Check your configuration:
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE ...
mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE ...