Laravel migration can't add foreign key - mysql

Question

I'm trying to write a laravel database migration but I'm getting the following error about a foreign key:
[Illuminate\Database\QueryException]
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1072 Key column 'category_id' doesn't exist in table (SQL: alter table `subcategories` add constraint subcategories_category_id_foreign foreign key (`category_id`) references `categories` (`id`))
[PDOException]
SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1072 Key column 'category_id' doesn't exist in table
The categories and subcategories tables do get created but the foreign key doesn't. Here's my migration:
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
class CreateCategoryTable extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('categories', function ($table) {
$table->increments('id')->unsigned();
$table->string('name')->unique();
});
Schema::create('subcategories', function ($table) {
$table->increments('id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('category_id')->references('id')->on('categories');
$table->string('name')->unique();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* #return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::drop('categories');
Schema::drop('subcategories');
}
}
Any ideas? Thanks!

Answer 1

You should create column before creating a foreign key:
$table->integer('category_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('category_id')->references('id')->on('categories');
Documentation: http://laravel.com/docs/5.1/migrations#foreign-key-constraints

Answer 2

Laravel 7, 8
As Limon Monte mentioned firstly create column then add foreign key constraints
$table->foreignId('category_id');
$table->foreign('category_id')->references('id')->on('categories');

Answer 3

Integer didn't work for me. Rather, I used bigInteger to create foreign key:
$table->bigInteger('category_id')->unsigned()->index()->nullable();
$table->foreign('category_id')->references('id')->on('categories')->onDelete('cascade');

Answer 4

I forgot to add ->get() to the methods I called.