Infinity Symbol in CSS - html

I'm looking at creating a Infinity Symbol using CSS, SVG or Canvas.
If you don't know what an infinity symbol is, this is an example:
I have attempted at created the shape but have only managed to create one side of the shape. I would ultimately like to keep this to one element and as simple as possible.
.infinity {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border-radius: 50% 50% 0 50%;
border: 5px solid black;
transform: rotate(-45deg);
}
<div class="infinity"></div>
I have found this question:
Infinity symbol with HTML
But i'm looking at using this as an icon or image of some sort and therefore would like a bit more freedom with the shape.

CSS
By using pseudo-elements, you can create both sides of the shape and therefore get the output required.
This solution will be well supported across all browsers.
div {
position: relative;
width: 178px;
height: 100px;
}
div:before,
div:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 60px;
height: 60px;
border: 10px solid black;
border-radius: 50px 50px 0 50px;
transform: rotate(-45deg);
}
div:after {
left: auto;
right: 0;
border-radius: 50px 50px 50px 0;
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
<div></div>
This is an amended version from here: CSS-Tricks
If you want it more shapely, a bit of amending to the border radius rules really help give it some more shape.
div {
position: relative;
width: 178px;
height: 100px;
}
div:before,
div:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 60px;
height: 60px;
border: 10px solid black;
border-radius: 80% 0 55% 50% / 55% 0 80% 50%;
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
div:after {
left: auto;
right: 0;
transform: rotate(-135deg);
}
<div></div>
SVG
SVG stands for Scalable Vector Graphic. The web browser views it as an image but you can add text and normal HTML elements within an SVG.
It is well supported across all browsers as viewable here: CanIUse
SVG | MDN
<svg height="150" viewbox="0 50 200 200">
<path fill="none" stroke="#333333" stroke-width="5" d="M100,100
C200,0 200,200 100,100
C0,0 0,200 100,100z" />
</svg>
Canvas
Canvas is similar to SVG but uses a raster (pixel based) instead of a vector to create the shape.
The browser support for Canvas is quite good.
var shape = document.getElementById('infinity').getContext('2d');
shape.lineWidth = 6;
shape.strokeStyle = "#333";
shape.beginPath();
shape.moveTo(100, 100);
shape.bezierCurveTo(200, 0, 200, 200, 100, 100);
shape.bezierCurveTo(0, 0, 0, 200, 100, 100);
shape.closePath();
shape.stroke();
<canvas id="infinity"></canvas>
HTML
As taken from the answer's in the near duplicate, this is an accumulation of all the HTML alternatives.
I've only added this for canonical and to show to users that the shape is possible with HTML entities.
p {
font-size: 2em;
}
<p>∞</p>
<p>∞</p>
<p>∞</p>
<p>∞</p>

Related

How i can create curved 3d objects with html and css

I have an html/css 3d object as in picture 2. I want to make it curve a little bit as in picture 1
Does someone have an idea perhaps how it could be achieved Or if there is any other technology by which I can shape these 3d objects ?
This is the code for my object in the picture 2:
.container {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
.cube {
background: #dc2e2e;
width: 200px;
height: 50px;
position: relative;
margin: 50px;
transform: rotate(32deg);
}
.cube::before {
content: '';
display: inline-block;
background: #f15757;
width: 200px;
height: 2px;
transform: skewX( -80deg);
position: absolute;
top: -2px;
left: 6px;
}
.cube::after {
content: '';
display: inline-block;
background: #9e1515;
width: 12px;
height: 50px;
transform: skewY(-10deg);
position: absolute;
top: -1px;
left: 100%;
}
<div class="container">
<div class="cube"></div>
</div>
Creating an arc out of a div element is not so straightforward . Also using div tag to create shapes and graphics is not a good way instead you should use Scalable Vector Graphics(SVG), HTML Canvas, WebGL or any other JS libraries.
Using div tag you can create a bottom arc by adding bottom border radius:
.cube {
background: #dc2e2e;
width: 200px;
height: 50px;
position: relative;
margin: 50px;
box-shadow: 0px 10px 16px -6px black;
border-bottom-left-radius: 50%;
border-bottom-right-radius: 50%;
}
<div class="container">
<div class="cube"></div>
</div>
But you can't achieve a top arc using the border top radius because using it will create an arc in opposite direction and thus create an oval instead of an arch.
One thing you can do is to overlay the upper part of the rectangle with another div tag of white color to create an arch like effect.
.arch {
width: 200px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.lowerarc {
width: 240px;
position: relative;
right: -10px;
left: -20px;
height: 80px;
background-color: black;
border-bottom-left-radius: 50%;
border-bottom-right-radius: 50%;
}
.upperarc {
height: 80px;
position: relative;
width: 240px;
top: -120px;
right: -10px;
left: -20px;
background-color: white;
border-bottom-left-radius: 50%;
border-bottom-right-radius: 50%;
}
<div class="arch">
<div class="lowerarc"></div>
<div class="upperarc"></div>
</div>
But it doesn't look good. so using div is probably not the best way to get the desired result.
Try using SVG instead:
In this example below we create an arch using lines and curves by plotting pixel values and filling the shape with a specific color.
M means move to, L to create a line, Q to draw curves, and z to close the path and the number corresponding to it are the values in pixel
<svg width="200">
<path d="M0,0 L0,50 Q100,80 200,50 L200,0 Q100,25 0, 0z" fill="black" />
</svg>
In this code below, we just create a curve line but with a 50px thickness.
<svg viewBox="0 0 1000 400">
<path d="M 60,250 C 60,150 150,50 250,50" fill="none"
stroke="green" stroke-width="50"></path>
</svg>
Use Canvas:
Canvas is similar to Svg but it uses javascript to create path and graphics.
var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
var c = canvas.getContext('2d');
c.beginPath();
c.moveTo(60, 0);
c.lineTo(10, 0);
c.quadraticCurveTo(0, 170, 170, 250);
c.lineTo(195, 210);
c.quadraticCurveTo(50, 150, 60, 0);
c.fill();
<canvas id="canvas" width="622" height="1080"></canvas>
While SVG and Canvas are used to create 2D graphics only,but still you can use 2D objects together to create a 3D like illusion.
var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
var c = canvas.getContext('2d');
c.fillStyle="rgba(0, 0, 25, 0.7)";
c.beginPath();
c.moveTo(10, 0);
c.lineTo(0, 5);
c.quadraticCurveTo(-10, 180, 170, 260);
c.lineTo(195, 220);
c.lineTo(195, 210);
c.quadraticCurveTo(30, 250, 60, 0);
c.fill();
c.fillStyle="rgb(200, 210, 200)";
c.beginPath();
c.moveTo(60, 0);
c.lineTo(10, 0);
c.quadraticCurveTo(0, 165, 170, 250);
c.lineTo(195, 210);
c.quadraticCurveTo(50, 135, 60, 0);
c.fill();
<canvas id="canvas" width="622" height="1080"></canvas>
<script src="main.js">
</script>
SVG and Canvas codes looks scary but it is not as difficult as it looks like. You can read documentations or watch Youtube tutorials to learn it properly.
Making curved 3d objects in pure html/css is not very easy but it is doable. There a few techniques to do it but you will need to understand exactly what you want and how to alter the number to achieve it.
You can stack multiple div elements to create a curved 3d effect and then offset the z axis for each one. Essentially you are just stacking lots of elements together to give the illusion of a curved 3d object. In the below links I use radial gradient.
I would recommend using a pre-proccessor like SCSS for this as it allows you to run a loop to offset each element cutting out a lot of code you would have to write for each element. Also keep in mind if you intend to animate this after then that will be very taxing on the processing depending on device. If you are trying to make it static then it shouldn't be an issue.
SCSS
#for $i from 1 through 20 {
$color: red;
&:nth-child(#{$i}) {
position: absolute;
width: $width;
height: $height;
list-style: none;
background: rgb(0, 0, 0);
background: radial-gradient(
circle at 50% 150%,
rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0%,
rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 60%,
darkred 60%,
darkred 70%,
rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 70%,
rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 100%
);
transform: translateZ(-20px + (0.8px * ($i - 1)));
filter: blur(0px) contrast(200%);
}
simple curves example 1 https://codepen.io/jfirestorm44/pen/MWmKraz?editors=0100
complex art example 2 https://codepen.io/jfirestorm44/pen/qBZYQBL
Like I said about performance; Example 2 will take some processing power and may lag. The object can be rotate by clicking.
I'd like to add to #Miran Firdausi's answer about SVGs (but I can't comment yet). A good way to create SVGs and then "hard code" them into CSS is to use any vector paint program (such as Inkscape) to draw exactly what you want, then save as SVG.
You can open the .svg file in your code editor and you will see XML markup, including codes which you can copy into your HTML, like in #Miran's example:
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" version="1.1" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
[copy the <path> elements here]
</svg>
Or save the .svg file somewhere and refer to it in your CSS:
/* Add calendar icon */
.wp-social-link.my-calendar-icon > a {
background-image: url(assets/images/my-calendar.svg);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center;
background-size: 36px;
width: 54px;
height: 54px;
filter: invert(100%) brightness(100%) contrast(100%);
}

How to implement a repeating SVG at the top and bottom of a div? [duplicate]

I've been working on a header with a zigzag border. One way to do this is to use images to make the zigzag effect.
(1) Is there any way to create a practical cross-browser zigzag border in CSS without the use of images?
I am also trying to put a textured background on this header that extends to the zigzags. However, the vertical size of the header may change and I am unable to implement the header as a single image.
If I try to add a texture to both the zigzag edges and the header element, chances are, the texture will be off sync.
(2) Any ideas on implementing a textured background that extends onto the zigzags without being off sync?
My [old] code (along with a texture) is here on jsFiddle.
body {
padding: 20px;
}
header {
width: 240px;
background-color: #BCED91;
}
header:after {
content: " ";
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 240px;
bottom: -15px;
height: 15px;
background: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACgAAAAPCAYAAACWV43jAAAAw0lEQVRIx83RsQ3CMBCF4T83AZKLVOmyBa1HSIlXwKySGaDOBClZAToWQIpETQONyxAS+2J4pe9knd5X9EP7QicPYAsUwBnYaHwqSsd1QGmNv1rjL0AZ3pJTKDTorPGnsUE/tDvg+KsG70D96TiAMKvDbtYDO6Cyxt++LYadKpY8hthNtTaVGHLRJJ3R5mJy0SbVJp9D7FJaSyWXNUk1yGVt0lTyMWK3ZmtLySUnaQy55CZdSi7AHmis8U/+JOGWBji8AaYPVy6VELZvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC) repeat-x;
}
img {
margin-top: 50px;
}
<header>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</header>
<img src="http://i.imgur.com/qKsVr.png" />
Edit #1:
Thank you Ana for the code. I took it and improved upon it.
http://dabblet.com/gist/3401493
I don't think that a consistent background will be possible.
If you are going to use border-image, then it's not a cross-browser solution because IE doesn't support it.
Also, even though every current browser version except IE9 supports both CSS gradients (which would allow you to get a zig-zag pattern) and border-image, last time I checked (which was quite a few months ago, so better test this again), using gradients for border-image only worked in WebKit. Plus, I don't think that even in WebKit this works with more than one gradient (as you can only set one border image and one gradient is one image) and you need two gradients for the zig-zag pattern.
The code for the CSS zig-zag pattern is:
background: linear-gradient(#BCED91 49%, transparent 49%),
linear-gradient(-45deg, white 33%, transparent 33%) 0 50%,
white linear-gradient(45deg, white 33%, #BCED91 33%) 0 50%;
background-repeat: repeat-x;
background-size: 1px 100%, 40px 40px, 40px 40px;
If you want a texture below this that is in sync with this one, then you have to make sure it repeats at the same intervals (40px, but you could also go for 20px).
Edit: regarding polyfills, you could try one of the ones listed here: CSS3 PIE or cssSandpaper
(In modern browsers) you can use SVGs to create simple drawings, and use them as CSS background images embedded as data URI.
Here is what the SVGs look like:
body {
background: #888;
}
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,4 4,0 8,4" fill="#CC0000" />
</svg>
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,0 4,4 8,0" fill="#CC0000" />
</svg>
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,0 4,4 8,0" fill="#FFFFFF" />
</svg>
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,4 4,0 8,4" fill="#FFFFFF" />
</svg>
Example 1:
.zigzag-outside {
position: relative;
margin-top: 4px;
margin-bottom: 4px;
background-color: #CC0000;
/* example content */
padding: 1em;
font: bold medium sans-serif;
color: #FFFFFF;
}
.zigzag-outside:before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: -4px;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* red up pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C4%204%2C0%208%2C4%22%20fill%3D%22%23CC0000%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
.zigzag-outside:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
bottom: -4px;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* red down pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C0%204%2C4%208%2C0%22%20fill%3D%22%23CC0000%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
<div class="zigzag-outside">Example 1</div>
Example 2:
.zigzag-inside {
position: relative;
/* example content */
width: 600px;
height: 100px;
background-image: url(http://i.stack.imgur.com/uOVfl.jpg);
}
.zigzag-inside:before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* white down pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C0%204%2C4%208%2C0%22%20fill%3D%22%23FFFFFF%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
.zigzag-inside:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* white up pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C4%204%2C0%208%2C4%22%20fill%3D%22%23FFFFFF%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
<div class="zigzag-inside"></div>
Improved minimal CSS:
div {
background: #1ba1e2;
position: relative;
}
div:after {
content: "";
display: block;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
background: linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, #1ba1e2 0) 0 50%,
linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, #1ba1e2 0) 0 50%;
background-size: 30px 30px;
}
/* Styles just for demo */
h1 {
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
margin: 0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
<div>
<h1>Zig Zag Borders</h1>
</div>
If you want to remove duplicate values you can use CSS variables AKA Custom properties. They are working everywhere except IE.
:root {
--background-color: #1ba1e2;
--zigzag-item-size: 30px;
}
div {
background: var(--background-color);
position: relative;
}
div:after {
content: "";
display: block;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: var(--zigzag-item-size);
background: linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, var(--background-color) 0) 0 50%,
linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, var(--background-color) 0) 0 50%;
background-size: var(--zigzag-item-size) var(--zigzag-item-size);
}
/* Styles just for demo */
h1 {
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
margin: 0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
<div>
<h1>Zig Zag Borders</h1>
</div>
Small note:
I use zero 0 in gradient color-stops to avoid duplicating previous values because according to the CSS3 images specs color-stop position can't be less than previous one.
If a color-stop has a position that is less than the specified position of any color-stop before it in the list, set its position to be equal to the largest specified position of any color-stop before it.
Now using mask and one gradient you can do it. Check this online generator to get the code: https://css-generators.com/custom-borders/. You can find all the directions and combination of Zig-Zag
body {
padding: 20px;
}
header {
min-height: 200px;
background-color: #BCED91;
}
img {
margin-top: 50px;
}
.zig-zag {
--mask: conic-gradient(from -45deg at bottom,#0000,#000 1deg 90deg,#0000 91deg) 50% / 60px 100%;
-webkit-mask: var(--mask);
mask: var(--mask);
}
<header class="zig-zag">
</header>
<img src="http://i.imgur.com/qKsVr.png" class="zig-zag">

Creating a skewed triangle shape

Is it possible to create the shape produced by this Fiddle. But then with no JavaScript but CSS3 (with <div>) ?
Basically this:
for(var i = 0; i < coords.length; i += 1) {
if(coords[(i + 1)] != undefined) {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(coords[i].x, coords[i].y);
ctx.lineTo(coords[(i + 1)].x, coords[(i + 1)].y);
ctx.stroke();
} else {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(coords[i].x, coords[i].y);
ctx.lineTo(coords[0].x, coords[0].y);
ctx.stroke();
}
}
So you have points that needs to connect to each other?
Use svg, if you don't want to use canvas.
<svg width="100" height="100">
<path d="M0 0 l100 10 l-40 90z" fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" />
</svg>
Path command for 8,8,10,10,30,30,49,10 would be M8 8 L10 10 L30 40 L49 10z.
<svg width="49" height="40" viewBox="0 0 50 41">
<path d="M8 8 L10 10 L30 40 L49 10z" fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" />
</svg>
To apply a click event to the shape, you could use pointer-events: all on #test.
#test {
pointer-events: all;
}
<svg width="49" height="40" viewBox="0 0 50 41">
<path id="test" d="M8 8 L10 10 L30 40 L49 10z" fill="none" onclick="alert('Works')" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" />
</svg>
Note: Posting this answer just because you asked with CSS3, but the complexity and possible calculation overhead involved in this approach is proof enough why CSS shouldn't be used for this. Please do not use this approach.
A bit of explanation on how this was achieved:
A div is created with top and right border (1px black) and the other two borders are set to none.
This div is then skewed a bit to make it appear as though the edge on the right side is a bit slanted.
Inside the shape, a pseudo-element with only a right border is created and it is also skewed to produce the diagonal line from the right-bottom to the left-top. Transform origin is set as right-bottom to avoid positioning overhead.
An anchor tag is added within the parent div and the overflow is set to hidden so that only the portion within the shape is clickable.
The user select on the anchor tag are disabled to prevent a double click from selecting a blank space within the div.
Finally the whole container div is rotated a bit to make it look as though the triangle is not parallel to x-axis.
document.getElementById("clickme").onclick = function() {
alert('Hi! I work alright.');
}
div {
position: relative;
height: 50px;
width: 45px;
border: 1px solid black;
border-left: none;
border-bottom: none;
-webkit-transform: skew(-10deg) rotate(5deg);
-moz-transform: skew(-10deg) rotate(5deg);
transform: skew(-10deg) rotate(5deg);
overflow: hidden;
}
a {
display: block;
content: '';
margin-left: 0px;
-webkit-user-select: none;
-moz-user-select: none;
user-select: none;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
}
div:after {
position: absolute;
top: 0px;
left: 0px;
content: '';
height: 50px;
width: 45px;
-webkit-transform: skew(42deg);
-webkit-transform-origin: left bottom;
-moz-transform: skew(42deg);
-moz-transform-origin: left bottom;
transform: skew(42deg);
transform-origin: left bottom;
border-right: 1px solid black;
}
<div>
</div>
Another option to create a skewed triangle shape would be to use clip-path like in below snippet. The shape is created by applying the same clip-path on the main container element and a pseudo-element which is smaller than the container.
document.getElementById("clickme").onclick = function() {
alert('Hi! I work alright.');
}
div {
position: relative;
height: 150px;
width: 150px;
background: black;
-webkit-clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 100% 20%, 70% 100%);
}
div:after{
position: absolute;
content: '';
height: calc(100% - 5px);
width: calc(100% - 5px);
top: 2px;
left: 3px;
background: white;
-webkit-clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 100% 20%, 70% 100%);
}
/* Just for demo */
div{
transition: all 1s;
}
div:hover{
height: 250px;
width: 250px;
}
<div id="clickme"></div>
You can do it by embeding SVG as CSS. Quote from:
http://css-tricks.com/using-svg/
"Another way to use SVG's is to convert them into Data URI's. Data URI's might not save you actual file size, but can be more efficient because the data is right there. It doesn't require an additional HTTPRequest.
Mobilefish.com has an online conversion tool for that (http://www.mobilefish.com/services/base64/base64.php). Simply paste in the contents of your SVG file and fill out the form and it will display the results in a textarea for you to copy. Remember to remove line breaks in the data it gives you back.
...
You can use that anywhere we've talked about so far (except inline because that just doesn't make sense) Just put the gibberish where it says [data] in these examples.
As CSS
.logo {
background: url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,[data]);
}
"

CSS Zigzag Border with a Textured Background

I've been working on a header with a zigzag border. One way to do this is to use images to make the zigzag effect.
(1) Is there any way to create a practical cross-browser zigzag border in CSS without the use of images?
I am also trying to put a textured background on this header that extends to the zigzags. However, the vertical size of the header may change and I am unable to implement the header as a single image.
If I try to add a texture to both the zigzag edges and the header element, chances are, the texture will be off sync.
(2) Any ideas on implementing a textured background that extends onto the zigzags without being off sync?
My [old] code (along with a texture) is here on jsFiddle.
body {
padding: 20px;
}
header {
width: 240px;
background-color: #BCED91;
}
header:after {
content: " ";
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 240px;
bottom: -15px;
height: 15px;
background: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACgAAAAPCAYAAACWV43jAAAAw0lEQVRIx83RsQ3CMBCF4T83AZKLVOmyBa1HSIlXwKySGaDOBClZAToWQIpETQONyxAS+2J4pe9knd5X9EP7QicPYAsUwBnYaHwqSsd1QGmNv1rjL0AZ3pJTKDTorPGnsUE/tDvg+KsG70D96TiAMKvDbtYDO6Cyxt++LYadKpY8hthNtTaVGHLRJJ3R5mJy0SbVJp9D7FJaSyWXNUk1yGVt0lTyMWK3ZmtLySUnaQy55CZdSi7AHmis8U/+JOGWBji8AaYPVy6VELZvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC) repeat-x;
}
img {
margin-top: 50px;
}
<header>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</header>
<img src="http://i.imgur.com/qKsVr.png" />
Edit #1:
Thank you Ana for the code. I took it and improved upon it.
http://dabblet.com/gist/3401493
I don't think that a consistent background will be possible.
If you are going to use border-image, then it's not a cross-browser solution because IE doesn't support it.
Also, even though every current browser version except IE9 supports both CSS gradients (which would allow you to get a zig-zag pattern) and border-image, last time I checked (which was quite a few months ago, so better test this again), using gradients for border-image only worked in WebKit. Plus, I don't think that even in WebKit this works with more than one gradient (as you can only set one border image and one gradient is one image) and you need two gradients for the zig-zag pattern.
The code for the CSS zig-zag pattern is:
background: linear-gradient(#BCED91 49%, transparent 49%),
linear-gradient(-45deg, white 33%, transparent 33%) 0 50%,
white linear-gradient(45deg, white 33%, #BCED91 33%) 0 50%;
background-repeat: repeat-x;
background-size: 1px 100%, 40px 40px, 40px 40px;
If you want a texture below this that is in sync with this one, then you have to make sure it repeats at the same intervals (40px, but you could also go for 20px).
Edit: regarding polyfills, you could try one of the ones listed here: CSS3 PIE or cssSandpaper
(In modern browsers) you can use SVGs to create simple drawings, and use them as CSS background images embedded as data URI.
Here is what the SVGs look like:
body {
background: #888;
}
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,4 4,0 8,4" fill="#CC0000" />
</svg>
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,0 4,4 8,0" fill="#CC0000" />
</svg>
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,0 4,4 8,0" fill="#FFFFFF" />
</svg>
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="8px" height="4px">
<polygon points="0,4 4,0 8,4" fill="#FFFFFF" />
</svg>
Example 1:
.zigzag-outside {
position: relative;
margin-top: 4px;
margin-bottom: 4px;
background-color: #CC0000;
/* example content */
padding: 1em;
font: bold medium sans-serif;
color: #FFFFFF;
}
.zigzag-outside:before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: -4px;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* red up pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C4%204%2C0%208%2C4%22%20fill%3D%22%23CC0000%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
.zigzag-outside:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
bottom: -4px;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* red down pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C0%204%2C4%208%2C0%22%20fill%3D%22%23CC0000%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
<div class="zigzag-outside">Example 1</div>
Example 2:
.zigzag-inside {
position: relative;
/* example content */
width: 600px;
height: 100px;
background-image: url(http://i.stack.imgur.com/uOVfl.jpg);
}
.zigzag-inside:before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* white down pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C0%204%2C4%208%2C0%22%20fill%3D%22%23FFFFFF%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
.zigzag-inside:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 4px;
/* white up pointing triangle */
background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20version%3D%221.1%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%228px%22%20height%3D%224px%22%3E%3Cpolygon%20points%3D%220%2C4%204%2C0%208%2C4%22%20fill%3D%22%23FFFFFF%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");
}
<div class="zigzag-inside"></div>
Improved minimal CSS:
div {
background: #1ba1e2;
position: relative;
}
div:after {
content: "";
display: block;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
background: linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, #1ba1e2 0) 0 50%,
linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, #1ba1e2 0) 0 50%;
background-size: 30px 30px;
}
/* Styles just for demo */
h1 {
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
margin: 0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
<div>
<h1>Zig Zag Borders</h1>
</div>
If you want to remove duplicate values you can use CSS variables AKA Custom properties. They are working everywhere except IE.
:root {
--background-color: #1ba1e2;
--zigzag-item-size: 30px;
}
div {
background: var(--background-color);
position: relative;
}
div:after {
content: "";
display: block;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: var(--zigzag-item-size);
background: linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, var(--background-color) 0) 0 50%,
linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, var(--background-color) 0) 0 50%;
background-size: var(--zigzag-item-size) var(--zigzag-item-size);
}
/* Styles just for demo */
h1 {
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
margin: 0;
padding: 0.5em;
}
<div>
<h1>Zig Zag Borders</h1>
</div>
Small note:
I use zero 0 in gradient color-stops to avoid duplicating previous values because according to the CSS3 images specs color-stop position can't be less than previous one.
If a color-stop has a position that is less than the specified position of any color-stop before it in the list, set its position to be equal to the largest specified position of any color-stop before it.
Now using mask and one gradient you can do it. Check this online generator to get the code: https://css-generators.com/custom-borders/. You can find all the directions and combination of Zig-Zag
body {
padding: 20px;
}
header {
min-height: 200px;
background-color: #BCED91;
}
img {
margin-top: 50px;
}
.zig-zag {
--mask: conic-gradient(from -45deg at bottom,#0000,#000 1deg 90deg,#0000 91deg) 50% / 60px 100%;
-webkit-mask: var(--mask);
mask: var(--mask);
}
<header class="zig-zag">
</header>
<img src="http://i.imgur.com/qKsVr.png" class="zig-zag">

CSS3: Calculate difference between (left + scale3d) and (transition3d + scale3d)

Why is there a difference between (scale3d and left) and (scale3d and translate3d)? And how do I calculate the difference between them?
See example: jsBin
div {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background: rgba(0,0,0, .3);
border-radius:7px;
font-size:20px;
-webkit-transform-origin:50% 50%;
}
#t1 {
left: 200px;
-webkit-transform: scale3d(0.5, 0.5, 1);
}
#t2 {
top: 200px;
-webkit-transform: scale3d(0.5, 0.5, 1) translate3d(200px, 0, 0);
}
and the simple HTML:
<div id="t1">scale3d and left</div>
<div id="t2">scale3d and transition3d</div>
CSS3 Transforms alter the local coordinate system. When you scale an element you're also scaling any translations applied to that div. Here - if you change the translate to 400px - you get the same result (reversing the effect of the scale).
You can check what transformations are currently applied to an element by using getComputedStyle().