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I was wondering how to write code that would detect the mouse clicking on a sprite. For example:
if #Function that checks for mouse clicked on Sprite:
print ("You have opened a chest!")
I assume your game has a main loop, and all your sprites are in a list called sprites.
In your main loop, get all events, and check for the MOUSEBUTTONDOWN or MOUSEBUTTONUP event.
while ... # your main loop
# get all events
ev = pygame.event.get()
# proceed events
for event in ev:
# handle MOUSEBUTTONUP
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
# get a list of all sprites that are under the mouse cursor
clicked_sprites = [s for s in sprites if s.rect.collidepoint(pos)]
# do something with the clicked sprites...
So basically you have to check for a click on a sprite yourself every iteration of the mainloop. You'll want to use mouse.get_pos() and rect.collidepoint().
Pygame does not offer event driven programming, as e.g. cocos2d does.
Another way would be to check the position of the mouse cursor and the state of the pressed buttons, but this approach has some issues.
if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] and mysprite.rect.collidepoint(pygame.mouse.get_pos()):
print ("You have opened a chest!")
You'll have to introduce some kind of flag if you handled this case, since otherwise this code will print "You have opened a chest!" every iteration of the main loop.
handled = False
while ... // your loop
if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] and mysprite.rect.collidepoint(pygame.mouse.get_pos()) and not handled:
print ("You have opened a chest!")
handled = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]
Of course you can subclass Sprite and add a method called is_clicked like this:
class MySprite(Sprite):
...
def is_clicked(self):
return pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] and self.rect.collidepoint(pygame.mouse.get_pos())
So, it's better to use the first approach IMHO.
The MOUSEBUTTONDOWN event occurs once when you click the mouse button and the MOUSEBUTTONUP event occurs once when the mouse button is released. The pygame.event.Event() object has two attributes that provide information about the mouse event. pos is a tuple that stores the position that was clicked. button stores the button that was clicked. Each mouse button is associated a value. For instance the value of the attributes is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 for the left mouse button, middle mouse button, right mouse button, mouse wheel up respectively mouse wheel down. When multiple keys are pressed, multiple mouse button events occur. Further explanations can be found in the documentation of the module pygame.event.
Use the rect attribute of the pygame.sprite.Sprite object and the collidepoint method to see if the Sprite was clicked.
Pass the list of events to the update method of the pygame.sprite.Group so that you can process the events in the Sprite class:
class SpriteObject(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# [...]
def update(self, event_list):
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
# [...]
my_sprite = SpriteObject()
group = pygame.sprite.Group(my_sprite)
# [...]
run = True
while run:
event_list = pygame.event.get()
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
group.update(event_list)
# [...]
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-MouseClick
import pygame
class SpriteObject(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, x, y, color):
super().__init__()
self.original_image = pygame.Surface((50, 50), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(self.original_image, color, (25, 25), 25)
self.click_image = pygame.Surface((50, 50), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(self.click_image, color, (25, 25), 25)
pygame.draw.circle(self.click_image, (255, 255, 255), (25, 25), 25, 4)
self.image = self.original_image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (x, y))
self.clicked = False
def update(self, event_list):
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
self.clicked = not self.clicked
self.image = self.click_image if self.clicked else self.original_image
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((300, 300))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
sprite_object = SpriteObject(*window.get_rect().center, (128, 128, 0))
group = pygame.sprite.Group([
SpriteObject(window.get_width() // 3, window.get_height() // 3, (128, 0, 0)),
SpriteObject(window.get_width() * 2 // 3, window.get_height() // 3, (0, 128, 0)),
SpriteObject(window.get_width() // 3, window.get_height() * 2 // 3, (0, 0, 128)),
SpriteObject(window.get_width() * 2// 3, window.get_height() * 2 // 3, (128, 128, 0)),
])
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
event_list = pygame.event.get()
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
group.update(event_list)
window.fill(0)
group.draw(window)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()
See further Creating multiple sprites with different update()'s from the same sprite class in Pygame
The current position of the mouse can be determined via pygame.mouse.get_pos(). The return value is a tuple that represents the x and y coordinates of the mouse cursor. pygame.mouse.get_pressed() returns a list of Boolean values that represent the state (True or False) of all mouse buttons. The state of a button is True as long as a button is held down. When multiple buttons are pressed, multiple items in the list are True. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd elements in the list represent the left, middle and right mouse buttons.
Detect evaluate the mouse states in the Update method of the pygame.sprite.Sprite object:
class SpriteObject(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# [...]
def update(self, event_list):
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
mouse_buttons = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
if self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos) and any(mouse_buttons):
# [...]
my_sprite = SpriteObject()
group = pygame.sprite.Group(my_sprite)
# [...]
run = True
while run:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
group.update(event_list)
# [...]
Minimal example: repl.it/#Rabbid76/PyGame-MouseHover
import pygame
class SpriteObject(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, x, y, color):
super().__init__()
self.original_image = pygame.Surface((50, 50), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(self.original_image, color, (25, 25), 25)
self.hover_image = pygame.Surface((50, 50), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(self.hover_image, color, (25, 25), 25)
pygame.draw.circle(self.hover_image, (255, 255, 255), (25, 25), 25, 4)
self.image = self.original_image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (x, y))
self.hover = False
def update(self):
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
mouse_buttons = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
#self.hover = self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
self.hover = self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos) and any(mouse_buttons)
self.image = self.hover_image if self.hover else self.original_image
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((300, 300))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
sprite_object = SpriteObject(*window.get_rect().center, (128, 128, 0))
group = pygame.sprite.Group([
SpriteObject(window.get_width() // 3, window.get_height() // 3, (128, 0, 0)),
SpriteObject(window.get_width() * 2 // 3, window.get_height() // 3, (0, 128, 0)),
SpriteObject(window.get_width() // 3, window.get_height() * 2 // 3, (0, 0, 128)),
SpriteObject(window.get_width() * 2// 3, window.get_height() * 2 // 3, (128, 128, 0)),
])
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
group.update()
window.fill(0)
group.draw(window)
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
exit()
The pygame documentation for mouse events is here.
You can either use the pygame.mouse.get_pressed method in collaboration with the pygame.mouse.get_pos (if needed).
Remember to use the mouse click event via a main event loop. The reason why the event loop is better is due to "short clicks". You may not notice these on normal machines, but computers that use tap-clicks on trackpads have excessively small click periods. Using the mouse events will prevent this.
EDIT:
To perform pixel perfect collisions use pygame.sprite.collide_rect() found on their docs for sprites.
I was looking for the same answer to this question and after much head scratching this is the answer I came up with:
# Python 3.4.3 with Pygame
from sys import exit
import pygame
pygame.init()
WIDTH = HEIGHT = 300
window = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Crash!')
# Draw Once
rectangle = pygame.draw.rect(window, (255, 0, 0), (100, 100, 100, 100))
pygame.display.update()
# Main Loop
while True:
# Mouse position and button clicking
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
pressed1 = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]
# Check if rectangle collided with pos and if the left mouse button was pressed
if rectangle.collidepoint(pos) and pressed1:
print("You have opened a chest!")
# Quit pygame
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
exit()
I'm new to pygame and I'm trying to do the simplest thing ever here really, I just want to have a circle move across the screen with no input from the user. I only seem to find advice online on how to move an object using the keys which isn't what I want I just want it to move on its own and so that the user can watch it move.
Here's what I was trying to use to do this.
Code Start Here:
import pygame module in this program
import pygame
pygame.init()
white = (255, 255, 255)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 128)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
X = 400
Y = 400
display_surface = pygame.display.set_mode((X, Y ))
pygame.display.set_caption('Drawing')
display_surface.fill(white)
x,y=[300,50]
pygame.draw.circle(display_surface,green, (x, y), 20, 0)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
def move():
global y
y=y+1
while True :
clock.tick(30)
move()
for event in pygame.event.get() :
# if event object type is QUIT
# then quitting the pygame
# and program both.
if event.type == pygame.QUIT :
pygame.quit()
quit()
pygame.display.update()
Code End Here:
You have to redraw the scene in every frame:
import pygame
pygame.init()
white = (255, 255, 255)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 128)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
X = 400
Y = 400
display_surface = pygame.display.set_mode((X, Y))
pygame.display.set_caption('Drawing')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
x,y=[300,50]
def move():
global y
y=y+1
# application loop
run = True
while run:
# limit the frames per second
clock.tick(30)
# event loop
for event in pygame.event.get() :
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
# update the position of the object
move()
# clear disaply
display_surface.fill(white)
# draw scene
pygame.draw.circle(display_surface,green, (x, y), 20, 0)
# update disaply
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
quit()
The typical PyGame application loop has to:
limit the frames per second to limit CPU usage with pygame.time.Clock.tick
handle the events by calling either pygame.event.pump() or pygame.event.get().
update the game states and positions of objects dependent on the input events and time (respectively frames)
clear the entire display or draw the background
draw the entire scene (blit all the objects)
update the display by calling either pygame.display.update() or pygame.display.flip()
I'm running into a brick wall and have spent multiple hours trying to research how to do this and I'm at the point I'm not sure if I'm asking the right question.
I have a page for recording user input in multiple boxes. I've made a separate file for my text box function which feeds into the main page. I want to be able to click next and record all the use input from the text boxes into a MySQL database.
The problem I'm running into seems to be that the main page doesn't know there's user input just that there is a text box, so I can't record anything, while if I change the text input file it defeats the purpose of creating one so that I can use text boxes anywhere.
Main page
import pygame
import Test
import button
import sys
import mysql.connector
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption("Main Page")
icon = pygame.image.load('icons8-robber-32.png')
pygame.display.set_icon(icon)
colour_active = pygame.Color('orange')
colour_inactive = pygame.Color('Yellow')
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 32)
start_image = pygame.image.load('play.png').convert_alpha()
exit_image = pygame.image.load('exit.png').convert_alpha()
menu_image = pygame.image.load('menu.png').convert_alpha()
back_image = pygame.image.load('back.png').convert_alpha()
next_image = pygame.image.load('next.png').convert_alpha()
def register():
input_box1 = Test.inputBox(210, 105, 140, 32, "First Name: ")
input_box2 = Test.inputBox(210, 160, 140, 32)
input_boxes = [input_box1, input_box2]
back_button = button.Button(100, 450, back_image, 0.2)
next_button = button.Button(450, 450, next_image, 0.2)
done = False
while not done:
for event in pygame.event.get():
for box in input_boxes:
box.handle_event(event)
for box in input_boxes:
box.update()
screen.fill((30, 30, 30))
for box in input_boxes:
box.draw(screen)
if back_button.draw(screen):
print("no")
if next_button.draw(screen):
sys.exit()
pygame.display.update()
start_button = button.Button(100, 150, start_image, 0.2)
exit_button = button.Button(250, 150, exit_image, 0.2)
menu_button = button.Button(400, 150, menu_image, 0.2)
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
screen.fill((150, 255, 100))
if start_button.draw(screen):
print("no")
if exit_button.draw(screen):
sys.exit()
if menu_button.draw(screen):
register()
pygame.display.update()
pygame.QUIT()
sys.exit()
Text box file
import pygame
pygame.init()
colour_active = pygame.Color('orange')
colour_inactive = pygame.Color('Yellow')
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 32)
class inputBox():
def __init__(self, x, y, w, h, text=''):
self.rect = pygame.Rect(x,y,w,h)
self.color = colour_inactive
self.text = text
self.text_surface = font.render(text, True, self.color)
self.active = False
def handle_event(self,event):
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if self.rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
self.active = not self.active
else:
self.active = False
self.color = colour_active if self.active else colour_inactive
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if self.active:
if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
print(self.text)
elif event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE:
self.text = self.text [:-1]
else:
self.text += event.unicode
self.text_surface = font.render(self.text, True, self.color)
def update(self):
self.rect.w = max(100, self.text_surface.get_width() + 10)
def draw(self, screen):
screen.blit(self.text_surface, (self.rect.x+5, self.rect.y+5))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color, self.rect, 2)
You do not need the self.text file in the main code. So instead of writing input_box1.self.text, it was just input_box1.text.
Following up my last question, for my school assignment, I am developing a game. My concept includes the uses of buttons in this game so I was wondering what is the most convenient way to add buttons in pygame? Also, if you have suggestions for resources which can help me in cases like this, please let me know. Thanks
Here's my Code:
# Program: Import Library, Pygame, for initialization of this program
import pygame
# Initialize the game engine
pygame.init()
# Define Colours
BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0)
WHITE = ( 255, 255, 255)
GREEN = ( 0, 255, 0)
RED = ( 255, 0, 0)
BLUE = ( 0, 0, 255)
display_width = 1080
display_height = 720
size = (display_width, display_height)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
pygame.display.set_caption("MiniConomy Trivia, for Adults")
# Button Program
class Button:
def __init__(self, size, text, pos, bgColor=(0, 255, 0), textColor=(0, 0, 0)):
self.pos = pos
self.size = size
self.text = text
self.font = pygame.font.Font(pygame.font.get_default_font(), size[1])
self.textSurf = self.font.render(f"{text}", True, textColor)
self.button = pygame.Surface((size[0], size[1])).convert()
self.button.fill(bgColor)
def render(self, window):
window.blit(self.button, (self.pos[0], self.pos[1]))
window.blit(self.textSurf, (self.pos[0]+1, self.pos[1]+5))
def clicked(self, events):
mousePos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()# get the mouse position
for event in events:
if self.button.get_rect(topleft=self.pos).collidepoint(mousePos[0], mousePos[1]):
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
return True
return False
# Setting a Title Screen
def text_objects(text, font):
textSurface = font.render(text, True, BLACK)
return textSurface, textSurface.get_rect()
largeText = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 90)
# Creating a Title Screen
TextSurf, TextRect = text_objects("MiniConomy", largeText)
TextRect.center = (540,150)
# Play Button
button = Button([280,50], "Let's Begin", [380,302])
button2 = Button([280, 50], "Second Button", [380, 302])
#Loop until the user clicks the close button
done = False
# -------- Main Program Loop -----------
while done == False:
events = pygame.event.get()
for event in events: # User did something
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # If user clicked close
done = True # Flag that we are done so we exit this loop
# Set the screen background
screen.fill(BLUE)
screen.blit(TextSurf, TextRect)
while True:
# Button 1 Control
button.render(screen)
if button.clicked(events):
print("Game Logic goes here")
pygame.display.flip()
button2.render(screen)
if button2.clicked(events):
print("Game Logic Here")
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.quit()
quit()
The most convenient way to add a button would be to make a button class. I know you are not using OOP with your code, but taking a class approach would allow you to make multiple buttons with a single class acting as a template for each button.
Lets start by making a class.
Fist we will make an init function to initialise all the attribute variables of our button.
class Button:
def __init__(self, size, text, pos):
self.pos = pos
self.size = size
self.text = text
self.font = pygame.font.Font(pygame.font.get_default_font(), size/2)
self.button = pygame.Surface(size[0], size[1]).convert()
Then we will add methods to our class to give our class some behaviour. We want to render our button, then we want to be able to click our button.
def render(self, window):
window.blit(self.button, (self.pos[0], self.pos[1]))
window.blit(self.textSurf, (self.pos[0]+1, self.pos[1]+5))
def clicked(self, events):
mousePos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()# get the mouse position
for event in events:
if self.button.get_rect(topleft=self.pos).collidepoint(mousePos[0], mousePos[1]):
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
return True
return False
With this implemented, your code becomes:
# Program: Import Library, Pygame, for initialization of this program
import pygame
# Initialize the game engine
pygame.init()
# Define Colours
BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0)
WHITE = ( 255, 255, 255)
GREEN = ( 0, 255, 0)
RED = ( 255, 0, 0)
BLUE = ( 0, 0, 255)
display_width = 1080
display_height = 720
size = (display_width, display_height)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
pygame.display.set_caption("MiniConomy Trivia, for Adults")
class Button:
def __init__(self, size, text, pos, bgColor=(255, 255, 255), textColor=(0, 0, 0)):
self.pos = pos
self.size = size
self.text = text
self.font = pygame.font.Font(pygame.font.get_default_font(), size[1])
self.textSurf = self.font.render(f"{text}", True, textColor)
self.button = pygame.Surface((size[0], size[1])).convert()
self.button.fill(bgColor)
def render(self, window):
window.blit(self.button, (self.pos[0], self.pos[1]))
window.blit(self.textSurf, (self.pos[0]+1, self.pos[1]+5))
def clicked(self, events):
mousePos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()# get the mouse position
for event in events:
if self.button.get_rect(topleft=self.pos).collidepoint(mousePos[0], mousePos[1]):
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
return True
return False
# Setting a Title Screen
def text_objects(text, font):
textSurface = font.render(text, True, BLACK)
return textSurface, textSurface.get_rect()
largeText = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
# Creating a Title Screen
TextSurf, TextRect = text_objects("MiniConomy", largeText)
TextRect.center = (540,150)
# Play Button
button = Button([250, 50], "A button", [50, 50])
#Loop until the user clicks the close button
done = False
# -------- Main Program Loop -----------
while done == False:
events = pygame.event.get()
for event in events: # User did something
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # If user clicked close
done = True # Flag that we are done so we exit this loop
# Set the screen background
screen.fill(BLUE)
screen.blit(TextSurf, TextRect)
button.render(screen)
if button.clicked(events):
print("Your game start logic goes here")
pygame.display.flip()
Now obviously, there is a lot of potential to add extra features to our button class, like color changing when mouse is over the button and things like that. Just to show you the benefits of using a class. Now if you want another button, you can simply make another instance of button class
anotherButton = Button([300, 500], "Second Button", [500, 500])
and in main loop call:
while True:
anotherButton.render(screen)
anotherButton.clicked(events)
And BOOM, you have a second button. Hope i could help.
Edit: Answer to the difficulties you were having. Couple of things.
First, Both buttons are in the same position. Change that.
button = Button([280,50], "Let's Begin", [380,302])
button2 = Button([280, 50], "Second Button", [380, 302])
Third argument is position and as you can see, they are the same.
Second, You already have a while True loop so there is no reason why you should add another while True loop. Just use the first while loop, that is why it is called a game loop
Third, You call pygame.display.flip() twice. This function is responsible for updating the screen every frame. Calling it twice means you are trying to update it twice every frame, which can cause unwanted problems.
while not done:
events = pygame.event.get()
for event in events: # User did something
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # If user clicked close
done = True # Flag that we are done so we exit this loop
# Set the screen background
screen.fill(BLUE)
screen.blit(TextSurf, TextRect)
# Button 1 Control
button.render(screen)
if button.clicked(events):
print("Game Logic goes here")
button2.render(screen)
if button2.clicked(events):
print("Game Logic Here")
pygame.display.flip()
So I made this in order to select an area like in strategy games, however
the screen keeps blinking, is there a way to solve this?
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
WHITE = (255,255,255)
BLUE = (0,0,255)
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((640, 480))
window.fill(WHITE)
pygame.display.flip()
LEFT_CLIC = 1
mouse_tracking = False
draw_area = False
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
continuer = 0
if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if event.button == LEFT_CLIC:
x_start, y_start = event.pos
x_end, y_end = event.pos
mouse_tracking = True
draw_area = True
if event.type == MOUSEMOTION and mouse_tracking:
x_end, y_end = event.pos
if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
if event.button == LEFT_CLIC:
x_end, y_end = event.pos
mouse_tracking = True
draw_area = False
if draw_area:
width = x_end-x_start
height = y_end-y_start
pygame.draw.rect(window, BLUE, (x_start, y_start, width, height))
pygame.display.flip()
window.fill(WHITE)
pygame.display.flip()
So it's pretty simple, record coordinates when there is a clic, then follow the mouse until the clic is done.
Thanks.
There should be only one pygame.display.flip() call per frame, otherwise you get this flickering, so remove one of them. Also, fill the screen before you draw the rect.
window.fill(WHITE)
if draw_area:
width = x_end-x_start
height = y_end-y_start
pygame.draw.rect(window, BLUE, (x_start, y_start, width, height))
pygame.display.flip()