How to make text indent in second line capitation in HTML - html

I don't know how to make text indent in my capitation in second line in html. I tried giving hardcoded whitespaces but in next in my HTML document they appear as grey field.
<capitation>
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12px;">xxx</span>
<span style="font-size: 12px;">YYYY</span>
<span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 12px;">YYYYY</span>
<span style="font-size: 12px">YYYYY</span>
<br>
<span style="font-size: 12px "> XXXXXX</span>
<span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 12px;"> xxxxxxxx</span>
<span style="font-size: 12px;">XXXXXXX</span>
<br>
<br>
</capitation>
Its appears as
XXXX! YYYY
ZZZZ
and I want
XXXXX! YYYYYY
ZZZZZZ

This code is a bit naff mate.
Inline CSS everywhere and so on.
It's not how I would write it. But you could use padding-left.
Jsfiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/ev88su57/1/
<capitation>
<span class="bold">xxx</span>
<span>YYYY</span>
<span class="bold">YYYYY</span>
<span>YYYYY</span>
<br>
<span class="indent"> XXXXXX</span>
<span class="bold"> xxxxxxxx</span>
<span>XXXXXXX</span>
<br>
</capitation>
CSS:
.indent { text-indent:-2em;margin-left:2em; }
capitation span {font-size:.8em;}
.bold { font-weight:bold; }

You can use margin-left for this:
<span style="font-size: 12px; margin-left: 5em;">ZZZZZ</span>
Note: If you want the same font size, wrap the span elements in a div:
<div style="font-size: 12px;"><span ...></div>
since the children of the div inherit its styles.

I solved it
putted tab at start and after new line
<capitation>
<span class="bold"> xxx</span>
<span>YYYY</span>
<span class="bold">YYYYY</span>
<span>YYYYY</span>
<br>
<span class="indent"> XXXXXX</span>
<span class="bold"> xxxxxxxx</span>
<span>XXXXXXX</span>
<br>
</capitation>

Related

Is it possible to have multiple span classes on the same line without using div?

I want to have each text have a different color so I used a multiple span classes to set the color in css. I also want the text to have line breaks so I used div. This fiddle shows the result I want but the div tags used for the line breaks creates a large gap. Is there another way to have line breaks with multiple span classes?
Fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/nh7vswco/
<pre id="info">
<div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> animal</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">tiger</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div>
<div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> species</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">Mammal</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div>
<div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> type</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">carnivore</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div>
Result:
Each word and colon should have a different color.
animal : tiger,
species : mammal,
type : carnivore,
This fiddle has the result Fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/nh7vswco/ but I would like to remove the gaps from the div tag.
1- There are many ways to make a line break like so: <br> or line-break CSS property.
2- To remove the gaps from the div tag. we can use the line-height: 0%;
<style>#info {
text-align: center;
padding-left: 20px;
padding-right: 20px;
}
.colon {
color: #cc7832;
}
.animal-name {
color: #2587be;
}
.animal {
color:#9473a5;
display: block;
}
.fact-card{
display: flex;
line-height: 0%;
}
.span {
font-family: Arial;
}
<pre id="info">
<div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> animal</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">tiger</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div>
<div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> species</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">Mammal</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div>
<div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> type</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">carnivore</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div>
</pre>
This issue is actually due to the side-effects of using the pre tag. The additional spacing you have in between the divs inside your pre tag are being interpreted as line breaks as that is what pre is meant to do. If you do not want this extra spacing, eliminate the extra white space (line breaks, spaces, etc.) you have.
<pre id="info"><div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> animal</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">tiger</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div><div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> species</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">Mammal</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div><div class = "fact-card">
<span class="animal"> type</span>
<span class="colon"> : </span>
<span class="animal-name">carnivore</span>
<span class="comma">,</span>
</div>

Semantic song markup with visual "chord stacking"

I am looking for a HTML-based representation for song texts with chords above the syllables, in the following fashion:
Am C D F
There is a house in New Orleans
Now, I don't care how exactly the HTML looks like in the end, but there is an important constraint: the purpose is not only display, but also storage in a semantically meaningful representation. Specifically, the songs are converted from a LaTeX-based syntax and should be recoverable in their original form, as well as being readable in HTML and easily processable. So no fancy structure just for the purpose of presentation, and no JavaScript (yes, I have looked at how UltimateGuitar does it, that is exactly not what I want). I need every element to have a direct correspondence to some logical part, as in the original format.
On the other hand, this gives me a hard time designing a CSS that presents the stacked chords. The basic rule is that you have "boxes" consisting of a text part and a chord part, and the width of the whole box should be the maximum of either parts, which each can consist of arbitrarily long text:
Am Cmaj7/G Am G F Am/G E7 F#sus4 A
longstuff short multichord more end. e - ternal
The boxing structure is known in advance, so you can assume it as given:
((Am) (longstuff))
((Cmaj7/G) (short))
((Am G) (multichord))
((F Am/G) (more))
end.
((E7) ())
((F#sus4 A) (e))ternal
Note that in the last box, the word is hyphenated to compensate for the two chords on the first syllable. I fear this makes it very hard for CSS, so it might be represented in a slightly different way, e.g.
((F#sus4 A) (e) (ternal))
You can come up with alternatives, as long as they still have concise semantic meaning. Here is what I have come up with so far:
.verse {
line-height: 3rem;
font-family: serif;
}
.cbox {
border: 1px solid;
}
.chord {
position: absolute;
transform: translate(0, -1.1rem);
font-weight: bold;
font-family: monospace;
user-select: none;
font-size: large;
}
<p class="verse">
Test
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">Abc</span>X</span>
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">Abc</span>Xyzwv</span>
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">Abc</span>Xyzw</span>abc
sd
<br/>
Test
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">Abc De</span>Xy</span>zwv
sd
<br/>
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">Ab</span>xyz</span>
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">Abc#sus4/C</span>Zyzw xyz</span>
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">Am</span>xyzw</span>
<br/>
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">D</span>xyz</span>
<span class="cbox""><span class="chord">E7</span></span>
two
<span class="cbox"><span class="chord">E7</span>th</span>ree
</p>
The sizes and borders are chosen for debugging. As you can see, the width of the top (chord) part is not taken into account (because position: absolute prevents that).
I have tried some other variants, including this one: <span class="cbox" data-w="2" data-c="Am">longstuff</span>, where data-w is the number of letters in the chord name to be used in the min-width of the span, and data-c being put into a before pseudo-element, but I still didn't succeed at getting the width right.
For the hyphenation issue, I have no idea at all.
And I will likely be using XHTML, although I guess this won't make much of a difference.
I'd suggest using CSS grid to help keep things from overlapping.
You can specify a grid template of 1 column and 2 rows, and then use classes to tell the content which row it should fit into. The grid will fill nicely and create implicit new columns as needed. It even will work if you have a series of chords or text in a row, without needing to wrap chord/text pairs in a wrapping element.
For the hyphenation, if possible, I'd add an additional class to syllables that need hyphenation, and then create the hyphens using a pseudo element in CSS.
Here's a working example. Hope this is helpful. This was a fun challenge.
.line {
display: grid;
justify-content: start;
grid-template-columns: auto;
grid-template-rows: auto auto;
grid-auto-flow: column;
gap: 0 0.6em;
margin-bottom: 1em;
}
.chord {
grid-row-start: 1;
}
.text {
grid-row-start: 2;
}
.hyphenated:after {
content: ' - '
}
<span class="line">
<span class="chord">Am</span>
<span class="text">longstuff</span>
<span class="chord">Cmaj7/G</span>
<span class="text">short</span>
<span class="chord">Am G</span>
<span class="text">multichord</span>
<span class="chord">F Am/G</span>
<span class="text">more</span>
<span class="text">end.</span>
<span class="chord">E7</span>
<span class="chord">F#sus4 A</span>
<span class="text hyphenated">e</span>
<span class="text">ternal</span>
</span>
<hr>
<p class="verse">
<span class="line">
<span class="chord">C</span>
<span class="text">Frosty the</span>
<span class="chord">C7</span>
<span class="text">snowman</span>
</span>
<span class="line">
<span class="text">was a</span>
<span class="chord">F</span>
<span class="text">jolly</span>
<span class="chord">F#dim</span>
<span class="text">happy</span>
<span class="chord">C</span>
<span class="text">soul</span>
<span class="chord">C7</span>
</span>
<span class="line">
<span class="text">with a</span>
<span class="chord">F</span>
<span class="text">corncob</span>
<span class="chord">F#dim</span>
<span class="text">pipe and a</span>
<span class="chord">C</span>
<span class="text">button</span>
<span class="chord">A7</span>
<span class="text">nose</span>
</span>
<span class="line">
<span class="text">and two</span>
<span class="chord">Dm7</span>
<span class="text">eyes made</span>
<span class="chord">G7</span>
<span class="text">out of</span>
<span class="chord">C</span>
<span class="text">coal.</span>
<span class="chord">C7</span>
</span>
</p>
Edit: A downside to the above approach is that the content is hard to understand if unstyled.
A more semantic approach could be to combine CSS Grid with content defined in custom data-* attributes and CSS variable fallbacks. This way the chords stay stored as attributes rather than marked-up text interspersed with the lyrics.
.verse {
line-height: 2;
}
.lyric {
display: inline-grid;
grid-template-columns: auto;
grid-template-rows: auto auto;
line-height: 1;
}
.lyric[data-chord] {
--chord: attr(data-chord);
}
.lyric:before {
content: var(--chord, '\00a0');
}
<p class="verse">
<span class="lyric" data-chord="C">Frosty the</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="C7">snowman</span>
<br>
<span class="lyric">was a</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="F">jolly</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="F#dim">happy</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="C">soul</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="C7"></span>
<br>
<span class="lyric">with a</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="F">corncob</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="F#dim">pipe and a</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="C">button</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="A7">nose</span>
<br>
<span class="lyric">and two</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="Dm7">eyes made</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="G7">out of</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="C">coal.</span>
<span class="lyric" data-chord="C7"></span>
</p>
This creates a one-column, two-row, inline grid for each .lyric span. The value of --chord is set to the value of the data-chord property only on elements that have that property. It's then used in all .lyric elements to set the content of the :before pseudo-element, with a fallback to a non-breaking space if the variable is undefined. This is important because it pushes the text into the bottom row for .lyric spans that don't have a chord, and keeps the text horizontally aligned.

Code formatting indents in HTML are appearing in the document

Here is the HTML code that I copy and pasted from Anki (Flashcard creation program). The code works fine. (Background: the flashcard is a programming question)
<meta content="width=window-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">
What does this code do?<div><div background-attachment:="" background-clip:="" background-image:="" background-origin:="" background-position:="" background-repeat:="" background-size:="" class="highlight" initial;="" initial;"=""><pre style="line-height: 25px;"><table class="highlighttable" style="font-family: Arial;"><tbody><tr><td><div 10px"="" class="linenodiv" padding-right:=""><pre style="line-height: 125%">1</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><<span style="color: #008000; font-weight: bold">meta</span> <span style="color: #7D9029">http-equiv</span><span style="color: #666666">=</span><span style="color: #BA2121">"X-UA-Compatible"</span> <span style="color: #7D9029">content</span><span style="color: #666666">=</span><span style="color: #BA2121">"IE=edge"</span>></pre></div></td></tr></tbody></table></pre></div><div><center><br></center></div></div>
The code rendered on the browser:
Obviously, this code is not readable in its current format. To fix this, I added the appropriate indentations.
<meta content="width=window-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">
What does this code do?
<div>
<div background-attachment:="" background-clip:="" background-image:="" background-origin:="" background-position:="" background-repeat:="" background-size:="" class="highlight" initial;="" initial;"="">
<pre style="line-height: 25px;">
<table class="highlighttable" style="font-family: Arial;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<div 10px"="" class="linenodiv" padding-right:="">
<pre style="line-height: 125%">1</pre>
</div>
</td>
<td class="code">
<div class="highlight">
<pre style="line-height: 125%"><<span style="color: #008000; font-weight: bold">meta</span> <
span style="color: #7D9029">http-equiv</span>
<span style="color: #666666">=</span>
<span style="color: #BA2121">"X-UA-Compatible"</span>
<span style="color: #7D9029">content</span>
<span style="color: #666666">=</span>
<span style="color: #BA2121">"IE=edge"</span>>
</pre>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</pre>
</div>
<div>
<center>
<br>
</center>
</div>
</div>
The strange part: the indents above are now appearing in the HTML document.
This shouldn't be happening, correct? I thought newlines in the HTML are not visible to users?
That's because the whitespace is pre (preserved by the browser). This is intended so that you can indent code. Usually, when you want to render code in HTML you take off the indentation:
<td class="code">
<div class="highlight">
<pre style="line-height: 125%"><<span style="color: #008000; font-weight: bold">meta</span>
<span style="color: #7D9029">http-equiv</span>
<span style="color: #666666">=</span>
<span style="color: #BA2121">"X-UA-Compatible"</span>
<span style="color: #7D9029">content</span>
<span style="color: #666666">=</span>
<span style="color: #BA2121">"IE=edge"</span>>
</pre>
</div>
</td>
Notice that you don't need to do it on the <pre> line itself (and that is why the meta part shows with your desired indentation).
If you are going to be using code snippets frequently, a library such as Prismjs will make your life much easier and be worth the overhead (it's a very lightweight library in fact):
<pre><code class="language-html">(... html code ...)</code></pre>

text-decoration in multiple font-size in Mozilla Firefox

I have such situation (problem visible only in Mozilla Firefox):
<span style="text-decoration: underline;">
SomeText
<span style="font-size: 50pt">Bigger</span>
SomeText
</span>
<br/>
<span style="font-size: 50pt;">
<span style="text-decoration: underline">Bigger</span>
</span>
as you can see the underline under "Bigger" word in first line is thinner than the underline in second line. I want to do something like that: (but I don't want to change HTML, only CSS)
<span style="text-decoration: underline;">SomeText</span>
<span style="text-decoration: underline;font-size: 50pt;">Bigger</span>
<span style="text-decoration: underline;">SomeText</span>
I have tried to do that using text-decoration: inherit:
<span style="text-decoration: underline;">
SomeText
<span style="font-size: 50pt;text-decoration: inherit;">Bigger</span>
SomeText
</span>
but now I have got two underlines... So how can I do that? Thanks for help.
PS. I am using Mozilla Firefox
Turn the inner span into an inline-block. See this answer for explanation.
.underline-all {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.underline-all * {
display:inline-block;
text-decoration: underline;
}
<span class="underline-all">
SomeText
<span style="font-size: 50pt">Bigger</span>
SomeText
</span>

HTML please Hilp

Hey so im making a website for ICT class for hmk and basically i want "R A S T A" printed accross the front page how would you recommend going about this problem?
<P class="sans" align="center"> <font size="80" color="#009900" >R</p> </font>
<p class="sans" align="center"> <font size="80" color="#ffff00" >A </p> </font>
<p class="sans" align="center"> <font size="80" color="#ff0000" >S </p> </font>
<p class="sans" align="center"> <font size="80" color="#009900" >T </p> </font>
<p class="sans" align="center"> <font size="80" color="#ffff00" >A </p> </font>
I tried to understand your question but it is hard to visualize exactly what you want. So I'll just clean and update your code (i.e. bring it into the 21st Century).
Please don't use the <font> tag or the align attribute anymore. It's 2016.
If this is a heading, use <h1>, not <p>.
Tags work like parentheses in math. Close the inner before the outer:
<strong><em>this is correct.</em></strong>
<strong><em>this is incorrect.</strong></em>
Learn CSS. It saves you from repeating a lot of code and it's just the right thing to do.
<style>
/* this is CSS */
.page-heading {
font-size: 80px;
}
.letter1, .letter4 { color: #009900; }
.letter2, .letter5 { color: #ffff00; }
.letter3 { color: #ff0000; }
</style>
<h1 class="page-heading">
<span class="letter1 sans">R</span>
<span class="letter2 sans">A</span>
<span class="letter3 sans">S</span>
<span class="letter4 sans">T</span>
<span class="letter5 sans">A</span>
</h1>
If class .sans is what I think it is (font-family: sans-serif), and its properties are all inherited (as indeed font-family is) then you don't need to apply it to each span; you can apply it to the entire heading. Each span will inherit it from the heading. Again, this only works if all the properties in .sans are inherited.
<h1 class="page-heading sans">
<span class="letter1">R</span>
<span class="letter2">A</span>
<span class="letter3">S</span>
<span class="letter4">T</span>
<span class="letter5">A</span>
</h1>
Alternate solution: Use all descriptive CSS classes. Recommended only for very advanced CSS authors.
(This method reduces CSS size, however design changes must be reflected in the HTML, not the CSS. When first learning CSS you're better off with the method above.)
<style>
.fz-80 { font-size: 80px; }
.c-green { color: #009900; }
.c-yellow { color: #ffff00; }
.c-red { color: #ff0000; }
</style>
<h1 class="sans fz-80">
<span class="c-green">R</span>
<span class="c-yellow">A</span>
<span class="c-red">S</span>
<span class="c-green">T</span>
<span class="c-yellow">A</span>
</h1>