When I view the site in Windows then most of the site, like the top text, right contact details, nav text and welcome text appear lower than they do on the mac. Mac browsers show the CSS as it should be. Please help me out...
Mac screenshot
Windows screenshot
HTML
<body>
<div id="wholepage">
<header>
<div id="nav_top">
<nav>
<h1 class="slogan">Steel & Fabrication Specialists</h1>
</nav>
</div>
<img class="kks_logo" src="KKSLogo.png" border="0" alt="KKS Services Ltd logo">
<h1 class="logo">KKS</h1>
<h2 class="logosub">Services Ltd</h2>
<h3 class="head_contact">0113 2826946</h3>
<h3 class="head_contact">enquiries#kksservices.co.uk</h3>
<nav id="main_nav">
<ul id="nav_main">
<li><a class="current_index" href="index.html">HOME</a></li>
<li><a class="domestic" href="domestic.html">DOMESTIC</a></li>
<li><a class="automation" href="automation.html">AUTOMATION</a></li>
<li><a class="commercial" href="commercial.html">COMMERCIAL</a></li>
<li><a class="contact" href="contact.html">CONTACT</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<img class="rivot" src="rivot.png" alt="KKS Services Ltd Rivot"/>
<img class="rivot2" src="rivot.png" alt="KKS Services Ltd Rivot"/>
<img class="rivot3" src="rivot.png" alt="KKS Services Ltd Rivot"/>
<img class="rivot4" src="rivot.png" alt="KKS Services Ltd Rivot"/>
</header>
<section>
<article>
<img class="railings" src="index_rail.png" alt="KKS Services Gates and Railings"/>
<div id="welcome">
<h1 class="welcome">Welcome</h1>
CSS
.slogan{
position: relative;
width: 960px;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
left: 10px;
top: -5px;
color: white;
font-size: 1.3em;
font-family: 'Aldrich', cursive;
}
.kks_logo{
position: relative;
top: 50px;
}
.head_contact{
font-family: 'Aldrich', sans-serif;
position: relative;
left: 10px;
top: -175px;
font-size: 1.5em;
text-align: right;
}
ul#nav_main li{
display: inline;
padding: 26px;
}
ul#nav_main li a{
text-decoration: none;
color: white;
font-family: 'Aldrich', sans-serif;
font-size: 1.4em;
position: relative;
top: 13px;
}
#welcome{
position: relative;
top: -267px;
left: 70px;
width: 840px;
height: 35px;
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
border-radius: 5px;
}
#welcome h1{
color: white;
font-family: 'Aldrich', sans-serif;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 200%;
position: relative;
top: -5px;
left: 10px;
}
Thank You!
The problem is the different default styles that browsers have. Neither way of displaying your page is wrong, they are just different.
You have compensated for the default styles of one browser, which makes it look quite different in all other browsers. As long as you compensate for the default styles instead of overriding them, you will have that problem.
For example, for the .slogan style you should set the top and bottom margin to zero, instead of using relative positioning to compensate for the default margin. You can use line-height to center the text vertically in the element, instead of moving it up or down to place it in the center.
Example:
.slogan{
width: 960px;
line-height: 30px;
margin: 0 auto;
color: white;
font-size: 1.3em;
font-family: 'Aldrich', cursive;
}
I know this is an old thread, but I thought I'd offer another answer... A solution I've used is to detect the OS using js, and set a class on the body denoting the OS.
//Windows
if (navigator.appVersion.indexOf("Win") != -1){
document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].classList.add("win");
}
//Mac
else if (navigator.appVersion.indexOf("Mac") != -1){
document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].classList.add("mac");
}
Then in your css you can make special rules for the specific scenarios you need:
.some-class-name{
margin-top: 3px;
}
.mac .some-class-name{
margin-top: 5px;
}
Different browsers have different CSS presets, or defaults. Therefore the default rendering will vary. In order to get around this problem, you can use a CSS reset stylesheet. Here is one that works well:
http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/
Using a reset stylesheet will remove any browser defaults. You can then add in your own margin/padding styling. This may require some adjustments to your current CSS values, but it will help overall when making your CSS cross-browser compatible.
Related
I'm super new to coding, and I can't for the life of me figure out why the hero image covers the other content, even using z-index.
Here is what the web page should look like but the hero image covers the logo, top nav bar, and header/description text about the first castle.
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
* {
font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
}
header,
footer,
main {
width: 1040px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
h1 {
font: 700 30px 'Roboto Slab', serif;
z-index: 1;
position: absolute;
display: inline-block;
}
header p {
font: 18px/1.2 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
}
header ul {
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 1.2;
}
h2 {
font-size: 17px;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 1.2;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
div p {
margin: 0;
}
main p {
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 1.2;
}
h2,
main div p {
color: #fff;
}
footer ul {
display: inline-block;
margin: 0 auto;
list-style: none;
}
footer li,
header li {
float: left;
padding: 0 20px;
}
footer a {
font-size: 15px;
color: #666;
text-decoration: none;
transition: color .4s;
}
header ul {
display: block;
list-style: none;
}
header a {
color: #fff;
text-decoration: none;
transition: color .4s;
}
footer a:hover {
color: #000;
}
footer a:focus {
color: #000;
}
header a:hover {
color: #000;
}
header a:focus {
color: #000;
}
footer nav {
position: absolute;
top: 760px;
left: 460px;
}
main div:nth-of-type(1) {
display: block;
position: absolute;
left: 126px;
top: 658px;
}
main div:nth-of-type(2) {
display: block;
position: absolute;
left: 472px;
top: 658px;
}
main div:nth-of-type(3) {
display: block;
position: absolute;
left: 817px;
top: 658px;
}
main div {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
padding: 10px 0px 5px 10px;
width: 310px;
}
.img1 {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 110px;
z-index: 1000;
}
.img2 {
display: block;
float: left;
margin: 320px 10px 100px 15px;
}
.twitter {
position: absolute;
display: block;
top: 0px;
right: -335px;
}
.facebook {
position: absolute;
display: block;
top: 0px;
right: -295px;
}
/*.logo {display: block; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0;
z-index: 2;}*/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
<head>
<!-- oxygwen, July 17, 2020 -->
<title>Castle Explorers European Tours</title>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="description" content="The home page for Castle Explorers, a tour company that takes travelers to see famous castles in Europe." />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="main.css" />
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto+Slab:wght#700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans:wght#400;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<header>
<nav>
<img src="http://via.placeholder.com/300" width="124" height="55" alt="Castle Explorers" />
<ul>
<li>UPCOMING EVENTS</li>
<li>SCHEDULE TOURS</li>
<li>CONTACT</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<main>
<h1>Moritzburg Castle</h1>
<p>Enjoy the grandeur of this Baroque palace located on a beautiful lake in Germany.</p>
<img class="img1" src="http://via.placeholder.com/300" width="1040" height="400" alt="Moritzburg Castle" />
<img class="img2" src="http://via.placeholder.com/300" width="320" height="300" alt="Mont Saint Michel Abbey" />
<img class="img2" src="http://via.placeholder.com/300" width="320" height="300" alt="Eilean Donan Castle" />
<img class="img2" src="http://via.placeholder.com/300" width="320" height="300" alt="Neuschwanstein Castle" />
<div class="div1">
<h2>Mont Saint-Michel Abbey</h2>
<p>Visit the Normandy coast and this magical castle from the middle ages.</p>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<h2>Eilean Donan Castle</h2>
<p>Explore the 13th century castle of Clan Mackenzie where three sea lochs meet.</p>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<h2>Neuschwanstein Castle</h2>
<p>Be enchanted by the Bavarian castle that was the inspiration for Cinderella's Castle at Disney World.</p>
</div>
</main>
<footer>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>Privacy</li>
<li>Legal Notices</li>
<li>Press</li>
</ul>
<img class="facebook" src="facebook.png" width="17" height="24" alt="facebook link" />
<img class="twitter" src="twitter.png" width="26" height="24" alt="twitter link" />
</nav>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
Specs:
Summary
You are coding the home page for Castle Explorers.
Use any combination of positioning, float, and the box model to create the layout.
This layout could draw from any of the material in the course.
Specifications
Name the HTML5 file index.html
All of the CSS will be in an external file referenced via a link tag; naming this main.css or styles.css is a typical file name for a stylesheet used by an entire website (if we were to build out the site, which will not be happening, all the CSS would go into this one file).
In the head region of the page include a comment with your name and the date.
Provide a good meta description.
The attached screenshots provide the title tag value to use.
This layout is fixed width centered. It is 1040 pixels wide. Disable margin and padding on body (set them to 0).
Two Google Web Fonts are used. 'Moritzburg Castle' uses Roboto Slab and has a weight of 700. All other text uses Open Sans and is either 400 or 700 for weight.
As noted in the summary, your approach to this will involve any combination of positioning, float, and box model.
The graphics are all in the attached zip archive and screenshots are provided for Firefox, Chrome, and Edge.
As you explore the screenshots you may want to use a graphics program such as Paint.NET to determine placement of text, graphics, etc. There is a free version of that software you can download. Mac users could try Pinta. There are also dozens of other options. Some people like to use the Perfect Pixel browser extension to overlay a screenshot over your rendering.
'Moritzburg Castle' is an h1 that is 30px and has font-weight 700. As noted previously, it is the only text using Roboto Slab. The default line-height is fine to use there.
The text below it is 18px Open Sans with 1.2 line-height.
The top navigation is an unordered list. Text size is 15px with 1.2 line-height.
The text for the series of 3 castles (for their names) are h2 that are 17px, 700 font weight, and 1.2 line-height.
The text below those castle name h2's are 13px with 1.2 line-height.
I recommend using rgba(0,0,0,0.4) to create the transparency for the h2's and their additional text. The padding there is 10px on all sides except the right-hand side, which is 5px.
The footer links are also an unordered list, but because they are centered you may want to display those list items as inline-block. There is 40px between them, but keep in mind that inline-block will render a single space if it exists in the code, so eliminating white space between list items is recommended.
The footer links are 15px and their color is #666.
The top navigation and the footer links all change to #000 on hover and focus; give them a CSS transition of: color .4s ease-in
The social media icons don't need to be an unordered list; they can just be a pair of anchors containing the images. There is 15px of space between the icons, but if they are displayed inline-block remember to eliminate white space between those anchors to avoid introducing extra space.
All links will use href="#". The linked elements are:
Logo
Top Navigation
All four castle photos
Footer Navigation
Social media icons
Make sure that image alt attribute values are appropriate and descriptive.
HTML structural elements (header, main, footer, nav) need to be used appropriately.
Any ideas? Getting desperate because it's due in a few hours...thanks!
h1 {
font: 700 30px 'Roboto Slab', serif;
z-index: 1;
position: relative; << Change to this
display: inline-block;
.img1 {
position: absolute; << Remove this
top: 0;
right: 110px;
z-index: 1000;
This happens to you because you are using position: absolute; for your image along with the H1 text which makes the image appear above other elements you just have to remove that image position: absolute; and insert your h1 tag into the image div itself or make it position: relative;
Tell me if this fixes your issue I checked it with chrome dev tools :D
I'm trying to figure out why I can't fill this spot, despite trying many things I have been unable to figure out how to fix it. I tried padding the top, but to no avail. I have provided the code below as well as a picture of the space I'm talking about. In the picture there's a white space between the header 2 and the gray area that has a brief summary. I have tried padding and also increasing the height of the background color, but it doesn't seem to work. Thank you in advance for reading this and I really do thank you for taking the time to help me figure this out.
$(document).ready(function()){
$("figure img + figcaption").prev().addClass('hasCaption');
});
.body{
margin: 0px;
}
.homeButton{
width: 40px;
}
#MidPort{
background-image: url("http://www.geocities.ws/spahealthcare/pic/dark-green-home-button.png");
background-size:cover;
position:absolute;
margin-left:1565px;
bottom:10px;
}
.topnav{
font-size: 20px;
font-family: Times New Roman;
position:fixed;
top 0;
width:100%;
}
#bg2{
background-color:red;
}
ul{
list-style-type:none;
margin:0;
padding:0;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #333
}
li{
float:left;
border-right:1px solid #bbb;
}
li a {
display: block;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 14px 16px;
text-decoration: none;
}
li a:hover {
background-color: red;
}
.active{
background-color:#4CAF50;
}
li a:hover:not(.active)
{
background-color: #111;
}
li:last-child{
border-right:none;
}
#margintop1{
margin-top: .5cm;
font-family: Gadget;
}
.jumbotron{
height:175px;
background-color:#808080;
}
hr.style17 {
border-top: 1px solid #8c8b8b;
text-align: center;
}
hr.style17:after {
content: '§';
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
top: -14px;
padding: 0 10px;
background: #f0f0f0;
color: #8c8b8b;
font-size: 18px;
-webkit-transform: rotate(60deg);
-moz-transform: rotate(60deg);
transform: rotate(60deg);
}
img.hasCaption {
padding-bottom: 50px;
}
figcaption {
position: absolute;
left: 14px;
right: 14px;
bottom: 16px;
background-color: white;
text-align: center;
color: blue;
font-family: 'Reenie Beanie', cursive;
font-size: 30px;
padding: 10px;
}
figure {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
left: 0;
-moz-transform:rotate(-5deg);
-webkit-transform:rotate(-5deg);
-ms-transform:rotate(-5deg);
transform:rotate(-5deg);
}
img {
border-color: white;
border-width: 15px;
-moz-border-image: url(http://tobias-reinhardt.de/img/frame.png) 15 stretch;
border-image: url(http://tobias-reinhardt.de/img/frame.png) 15 stretch;
border-style: solid;
margin: auto;
}
#imgR{
margin-left:1285px;
height:400px;
}
font{
font-family:Gadget;
}
section{
background-color:#00FFFF;
margin-bottom:10cm;
font-family:Gadget;
}
}
<!-- Check to see if the navigation bar remains at the bottom if I use the nav class instead of ul. If not, revert back to ul for when the user scrolls down-->
<div>
<header>
<!--<div class="container">-->
<h2 class="topnav" id="cs2">
<ul>
<li><a class="active" href="/home">Home</a></li>
<li>About Me</li>
<li>Contact</li>
<li id="MidPort"></li>
</ul>
</h2>
</header>
</div>
<body>
<div class="intro-text">
<div class="jumbotron">
<div>
<p id="margintop1"style="margin-right:200px;">
<font color="white">Front-End Developer and Economist, with experience in project management, machine learning, and leadership roles; devoted to functional programming and analyzing mathematical models to solve emerging economic problems
</font>
</p>
<hr class="style17"/>
</div>
<figure>
<img src="http://i.maniadb.com/images/artist/116/116122.jpg" id="imgR">
</figure>
</div>
</div>
<div id="midSec">
<section>
<h2>
<center>
<font color="#2F4F4F" size="20">
Portfolio
</font>
</center>
</h2>
</section>
</div>
</body>
<!--setup a home button at the bottom-->
[![Space is in between Portfolio and the brief summary][1]][1]
You're using an h2 in your code that has a margin.
h2{margin: 0;}
This will fix it.
h2{margin-top:0}
will fix the issue
h2 by default has a margin top . Remove that.
Also, your HTML is not correct . ( that's why i post this as an answer, to explain to the op the problems from his html )
The biggest problem is that you nested ul inside h2 . This practice is not valid.
As stated in the doc
Most elements that are categorized as phrasing content can only contain elements that are themselves categorized as phrasing content, not any flow content.
Heading tags like h1,h2 etc. are pharsing content, ul is a flow content . So you cannot put ul inside h2
You can check your HTML here > HTML validator and check docs here > documentation
Second problem is that you write <li>About Me</li>
So you first open li, then a but you close first the li and then the a. You need to close the a before closing the li. a being a child of li . Correct form :
<li>About Me</li>
Another problem is using tags that are no longer supported in HTML5 . font,center . ( also the use of size is not supported either) You either use inline styles for example <h2 style="font-size:10px;text-align:center"> or you can use CSS styles separately .
These are just the problems i see from a first look over your code
I am trying to replicate this design http://www.csszengarden.com/217/ for practice purposes.
I've got almost everything right, except that the height of my body is larger than the content it contains.
this is the code
*{
list-style: none;
font-family: 'tablet-gothic-thin', sans-serif;
}*
div {
display: block;
}
html {
padding: 5%;
background-color: #daede2;
}
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background-color: #77c4d3;
display: block;
}
.page-wrapper {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
height: auto;
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
z-index: 2;
display: block;
}
.sidebar {
background: rgba(246,247,146,0.9);
position: absolute;
top: 120px;
right: 0px;
width: 30%;
padding: 1%;
z-index: 2;
display: block;
}
.preamble {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255,0.9);
position: relative;
width: 50%;
top: 100px;
left: -70px;
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 25px;
padding-left: 120px;
padding-top: 40px;
padding-bottom: 40px;
padding-right: 40px;
}
.preamble h3 {
font-size: 40px;
margin-left: 0px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
font-weight: lighter;
}
.preamble p {
margin-top: 0;
padding: 1%;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 17px;
line-height: 25px;
margin: 0.5%;
color: black;
font-weight: lighter;
}
header {
margin: 20px;
}
header h1 {
background-color: #ea2e49;
padding: 15px 15px;
text-align: center;
text-transform: uppercase;
width: 280.05px;
position: relative;
top: 50px;
left: 30px;
font-size: 30px;
font-family: 'tablet-gothic', sans-serif;
font-style: normal;
font-weight: 200;
color: white;
}
header h2 {
font-family: 'Coda Caption', sans-serif;
color: white;
letter-spacing: -7px;
font-size: 110px;
width: 700px;
line-height: 1;
position: relative;
top: 0px;
left: 30px;
}
.summary {
width: 50%;
position: relative;
}
.summary p {
position: relative;
left: 60px;
letter-spacing: 2px;
text-transform: uppercase;
color: white;
font-family: 'tablet-gothic', sans-serif;
font-size: 18px;
}
.summary p:last-child {
border-top: 1px solid #ea2e49;
margin-top: 20px;
padding-top: 25px;
}
.summary p:last-child a {
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: white;
border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
transition: border-color 0.2s ease-in-out;
}
a:hover {
border-bottom: 1px solid #ea2e49;
}
.select {
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: lighter;
margin-top: 50px;
margin-left: 33px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
text-align: inherit;
}
.design-selection ul {
text-align: inherit;
margin-top: 5px;
margin-left: -5px;
padding-right: 30px;
}
.design-selection li {
font-size: 17px;
line-height: 35px;
color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.design-selection li a {
color: black;
}
.archives {
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: lighter;
margin-top: 80px;
margin-left: 33px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
text-align: inherit;
}
.design-archives ul {
text-align: inherit;
margin-top: 5px;
margin-left: -5px;
padding-right: 30px;
}
.design-archives li {
font-size: 17px;
line-height: 35px;
color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.design-archives li a {
color: black;
}
.resources {
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: lighter;
margin-top: 80px;
margin-left: 33px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
text-align: inherit;
}
.zen-resources ul {
text-align: inherit;
margin-top: 5px;
margin-left: -5px;
padding-right: 30px;
margin-bottom: 50px;
}
.zen-resources li {
font-size: 17px;
line-height: 35px;
color: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.zen-resources li a {
color: black;
}
.extra1 {
position: fixed;
z-index: 1;
width: 30%;
top: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
background-color: rgba(51,55,69,0.9);
}
.main-supporting {
display: block;
position: relative;
padding: 1%;
}
.explanation {
display: block;
position: relative;
top: 253px;
left: 80px;
width: 39%;
padding: 1%;
}
.explanation h3 {
font-family: sans-serif;
font-weight: lighter;
color: white;
margin-left: 5px;
font-size: 30px;
}
.explanation p {
padding: 1%;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 17px;
line-height: 25px;
margin: 0.5%;
color: white;
font-weight: lighter;
}
.participation {
display: block;
position: relative;
top: -265px;
left: 600px;
width: 35%;
padding: 5%;
background: rgba(234,46,73,0.9);
z-index: 3;
}
.participation p {
margin-top: 0;
padding: 1%;
color: white;
line-height: 25px;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 17px;
}
.participation a:hover {
border-bottom: 1px solid white;
}
.participation h3 {
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 30px;
color: white;
margin left: 20px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
font-weight: lighter;
}
.benefits {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 15%;
background: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
padding: 5%;
top: -150px;
left: 78px;
}
.benefits p {
font-family: sans-serif;
line-height: 25px;
font-weight: lighter;
font-size: 17px;
}
.benefits h3 {
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 25px;
font-weight: lighter;
}
.requirements {
display: block;
background: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
width: 59%;
position: relative;
top: -833px;
left: 381px;
padding: 2%;
}
.requirements p {
font-family: sans-serif;
line-height: 25px;
font-size: 17px;
}
.requirements p:first-child {
margin: 50px 50px 20px 50px;
}
.requirements p:nth-child(2) {
margin: 0px 50px 20px 50px;
}
.requirements p:nth-child(3) {
margin: 0px 50px 20px 50px;
}
.requirements p:nth-child(4) {
margin: 0px 50px 20px 50px;
}
.requirements p:nth-child(5) {
margin: 0px 50px 20px 50px;
padding-bottom: 3%;
}
.requirements p:nth-child(6) {
margin: 0px 50px 40px 50px;
padding-top: 5%;
border-top: 1px solid #ea2e49;
text-transform: uppercase;
}
.requirements h3 {
margin: 50px 50px 10px 50px;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 25px;
font-weight: lighter;
}
.requirements a {
color: black;
}
footer {
position: relative;
display: block;
top: -834.5px;
left: 60px;
background: rgba(246,247,146,0.9);
width: 45%;
padding: 1.5%;
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
footer a {
color: black;
margin-left: 3%;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>CSS Zen Garden: The Beauty of CSS Design</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="style.css?v=8may2013">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="design.css">
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://www.csszengarden.com/zengarden.xml">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Coda+Caption:800" rel="stylesheet">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="author" content="Dave Shea">
<meta name="description" content="A demonstration of what can be accomplished visually through CSS-based design.">
<meta name="robots" content="all">
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="script/html5shiv.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<!--
View source is a feature, not a bug. Thanks for your curiosity and
interest in participating!
Here are the submission guidelines for the new and improved csszengarden.com:
- CSS3? Of course! Prefix for ALL browsers where necessary.
- go responsive; test your layout at multiple screen sizes.
- your browser testing baseline: IE9+, recent Chrome/Firefox/Safari, and iOS/Android
- Graceful degradation is acceptable, and in fact highly encouraged.
- use classes for styling. Don't use ids.
- web fonts are cool, just make sure you have a license to share the files. Hosted
services that are applied via the CSS file (ie. Google Fonts) will work fine, but
most that require custom HTML won't. TypeKit is supported, see the readme on this
page for usage instructions: https://github.com/mezzoblue/csszengarden.com/
And a few tips on building your CSS file:
- use :first-child, :last-child and :nth-child to get at non-classed elements
- use ::before and ::after to create pseudo-elements for extra styling
- use multiple background images to apply as many as you need to any element
- use the Kellum Method for image replacement, if still needed.
- don't rely on the extra divs at the bottom. Use ::before and ::after instead.
-->
<body id="css-zen-garden">
<div class="page-wrapper">
<section class="intro" id="zen-intro">
<header role="banner">
<h1>CSS Zen Garden</h1>
<h2>The Beauty of <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> Design</h2>
</header>
<div class="summary" id="zen-summary" role="article">
<p>A demonstration of what can be accomplished through <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr>-based design. Select any style sheet from the list to load it into this page.</p>
<p>Download the example html file and css file</p>
</div>
<div class="preamble" id="zen-preamble" role="article">
<h3>The Road to Enlightenment</h3>
<p>Littering a dark and dreary road lay the past relics of browser-specific tags, incompatible <abbr title="Document Object Model">DOM</abbr>s, broken <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> support, and abandoned browsers.</p>
<p>We must clear the mind of the past. Web enlightenment has been achieved thanks to the tireless efforts of folk like the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>, <abbr title="Web Standards Project">WaSP</abbr>, and the major browser creators.</p>
<p>The CSS Zen Garden invites you to relax and meditate on the important lessons of the masters. Begin to see with clarity. Learn to use the time-honored techniques in new and invigorating fashion. Become one with the web.</p>
</div>
</section>
<div class="main supporting" id="zen-supporting" role="main">
<div class="explanation" id="zen-explanation" role="article">
<h3>So What is This About?</h3>
<p>There is a continuing need to show the power of <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr>. The Zen Garden aims to excite, inspire, and encourage participation. To begin, view some of the existing designs in the list. Clicking on any one will load the style sheet into this very page. The <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr> remains the same, the only thing that has changed is the external <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> file. Yes, really.</p>
<p><abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> allows complete and total control over the style of a hypertext document. The only way this can be illustrated in a way that gets people excited is by demonstrating what it can truly be, once the reins are placed in the hands of those able to create beauty from structure. Designers and coders alike have contributed to the beauty of the web; we can always push it further.</p>
</div>
<div class="participation" id="zen-participation" role="article">
<h3>Participation</h3>
<p>Strong visual design has always been our focus. You are modifying this page, so strong <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> skills are necessary too, but the example files are commented well enough that even <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> novices can use them as starting points. Please see the <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> Resource Guide for advanced tutorials and tips on working with <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr>.</p>
<p>You may modify the style sheet in any way you wish, but not the <abbr title="HyperText Markup Language">HTML</abbr>. This may seem daunting at first if you’ve never worked this way before, but follow the listed links to learn more, and use the sample files as a guide.</p>
<p>Download the sample HTML and CSS to work on a copy locally. Once you have completed your masterpiece (and please, don’t submit half-finished work) upload your <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> file to a web server under your control. Send us a link to an archive of that file and all associated assets, and if we choose to use it we will download it and place it on our server.</p>
</div>
<div class="benefits" id="zen-benefits" role="article">
<h3>Benefits</h3>
<p>Why participate? For recognition, inspiration, and a resource we can all refer to showing people how amazing <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> really can be. This site serves as equal parts inspiration for those working on the web today, learning tool for those who will be tomorrow, and gallery of future techniques we can all look forward to.</p>
</div>
<div class="requirements" id="zen-requirements" role="article">
<h3>Requirements</h3>
<p>Where possible, we would like to see mostly <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets, levels 1 and 2">CSS 1 & 2</abbr> usage. <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets, levels 3 and 4">CSS 3 & 4</abbr> should be limited to widely-supported elements only, or strong fallbacks should be provided. The CSS Zen Garden is about functional, practical <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> and not the latest bleeding-edge tricks viewable by 2% of the browsing public. The only real requirement we have is that your <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> validates.</p>
<p>Luckily, designing this way shows how well various browsers have implemented <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> by now. When sticking to the guidelines you should see fairly consistent results across most modern browsers. Due to the sheer number of user agents on the web these days — especially when you factor in mobile — pixel-perfect layouts may not be possible across every platform. That’s okay, but do test in as many as you can. Your design should work in at least IE9+ and the latest Chrome, Firefox, iOS and Android browsers (run by over 90% of the population).</p>
<p>We ask that you submit original artwork. Please respect copyright laws. Please keep objectionable material to a minimum, and try to incorporate unique and interesting visual themes to your work. We’re well past the point of needing another garden-related design.</p>
<p>This is a learning exercise as well as a demonstration. You retain full copyright on your graphics (with limited exceptions, see submission guidelines), but we ask you release your <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> under a Creative Commons license identical to the one on this site so that others may learn from your work.</p>
<p role="contentinfo">By Dave Shea. Bandwidth graciously donated by mediatemple. Now available: Zen Garden, the book.</p>
</div>
<footer>
HTML
CSS
CC
A11y
GH
</footer>
</div>
<aside class="sidebar" role="complementary">
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="design-selection" id="design-selection">
<h3 class="select">Select a Design:</h3>
<nav role="navigation">
<ul>
<li>
Mid Century Modern by Andrew Lohman
</li> <li>
Garments by Dan Mall
</li> <li>
Steel by Steffen Knoeller
</li> <li>
Apothecary by Trent Walton
</li> <li>
Screen Filler by Elliot Jay Stocks
</li> <li>
Fountain Kiss by Jeremy Carlson
</li> <li>
A Robot Named Jimmy by meltmedia
</li> <li>
Verde Moderna by Dave Shea
</li> </ul>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="design-archives" id="design-archives">
<h3 class="archives">Archives:</h3>
<nav role="navigation">
<ul>
<li class="next">
<a href="/214/page1">
Next Designs <span class="indicator">›</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="viewall">
<a href="http://www.mezzoblue.com/zengarden/alldesigns/" title="View every submission to the Zen Garden.">
View All Designs </a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="zen-resources" id="zen-resources">
<h3 class="resources">Resources:</h3>
<ul>
<li class="view-css">
<a href="style.css" title="View the source CSS file of the currently-viewed design.">
View This Design’s <abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> </a>
</li>
<li class="css-resources">
<a href="http://www.mezzoblue.com/zengarden/resources/" title="Links to great sites with information on using CSS.">
<abbr title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> Resources </a>
</li>
<li class="zen-faq">
<a href="http://www.mezzoblue.com/zengarden/faq/" title="A list of Frequently Asked Questions about the Zen Garden.">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> </a>
</li>
<li class="zen-submit">
<a href="http://www.mezzoblue.com/zengarden/submit/" title="Send in your own CSS file.">
Submit a Design </a>
</li>
<li class="zen-translations">
<a href="http://www.mezzoblue.com/zengarden/translations/" title="View translated versions of this page.">
Translations </a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
</div>
<!--
These superfluous divs/spans were originally provided as catch-alls to add extra imagery.
These days we have full ::before and ::after support, favour using those instead.
These only remain for historical design compatibility. They might go away one day.
-->
<div class="extra1" role="presentation"></div><div class="extra2" role="presentation"></div><div class="extra3" role="presentation"></div>
<div class="extra4" role="presentation"></div><div class="extra5" role="presentation"></div><div class="extra6" role="presentation"></div>
</body>
</html>
As you can see in the code snippet, there is extra space after the contents.
I need help with this.
Thank You.
There are postives and negatives when using relative position in this layout..
Look at the shot below
your div with id zen-requirements has been relative positioned in the layout and there is top: -833px;. take out this top and you will notice that the initial position of the div takes up that space you are trying to get rid of (not forgetting a little bit of padding somewhere).....
hmmmm....Sticking to this layout..I believe you will have to adjust the size of your div that has class page-wrapper (add an id to avoid other classes being affected)
Add these rules to id..
height: 3000px;
overflow:hidden
A Javascript approach to find computed position of last yellow footer relative to window top and auto adjust the window size might work...
I think it's because of the relative positioning of .requirements block.
See: position:relative leaves an empty space
If you add a fixed size to your container, it can fix the issue, but in general your design is different from the sample you shown. Try this:
#zen-supporting {
height: 1750px;
}
html{ padding: 5%} is the reason. It makes extra space in the bottom too.
You can set it as: html{padding: 5% 5% 0 5%}
Edit
If you, also, mean the extra space in blue color under the navigation contains, HTML, CSS, ... you may also adjust the padding of div.main:
div.main {
padding: 5% 5% 0 5%;
}
to be like the following screen shot:
I'm just learning/practicing, so any help would be SUPER appreciated. Also, if you find other errors or inefficiencies while looking, I'd love to hear about it.
I have four layers.
.body
.main
.main-side
.sidebar
This is essentially what I'm trying to recreate , and everything is working fine other than the third layer, or in the case of the example, the navy blue bar extending vertical on the right side. I can get it to go to the second layer (right above the main background) or cover up everything (including the sidebar), but I can't get it between layer two and four (in the example, the light blue inner box and the smaller, yellow side box.) Thanks in advance!
Here is the HTML and the CSS.
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,400,900' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style.css"/>
<title>CSS Zen Garden</title>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="main-side"></div>
<div class="main">
<h1 class="redbox">CSS Zen Garden</h1>
<h2>The Beauty of CSS Design</h2>
<div class="sub-heading">
<p class="top>">A demonstration of what can be accomplished through CSS-based design. Select any style sheet from the list to load it into this page.</p>
<hr>
<p class="bottom">Download the example HTML file and CSS file
</div>
<div class="enlightenment">
<h3>The Road to Enlightenment</h3>
<p>Littering a dark and dreary road lay the past relics of browser-specific tags, incompatible DOMs, broken CSS support, and abandoned browsers</p>
<p>We must clear the mind of the past. Web enlightenment has been achieved thanks to the tireless efforts of folk like the W3C, WaSP, and the major browser creators.</p>
<p>The CSS Zen Garden invites you to relax and meditate on the important lessons of the masters. Begin to see with clarity. Learn to use the time-honored techniques in new and invigorating fashion. Become one with the web.</p>
</div>
<div class="about">
<h3>So What is This About?</h3>
<p>There is a continuing need to show the power of CSS. The Zen Garden aims to excite, inspire, and encourage participation. To begin, view some of the existing designs in the list. Clicking on any one will load the style sheet into this very page. The HTML remains the same, the only thing that has changed is the external CSS file. Yes, really.</p>
<p>CSS allows complete and total control over the style of a hypertext document. The only way this can be illustrated in a way that gets people excited is by demonstrating what it can truly be, once the reins are placed in the hands of those able to create beauty from structure. Designers and coders alike have contributed to the beauty of the web; we can always push it further.</p>
</div>
<div class="participation">
<h3>Participation</h3>
<p>Strong visual design has always been our focus. You are modifying this page, so strong CSS skills are necessary too, but the example files are commented well enough that even CSS novices can use them as starting points. Please see the CSS Resource Guide for advanced tutorials and tips on working with CSS.</p>
<p>You may modify the style sheet in any way you wish, but not the HTML. This may seem daunting at first if you’ve never worked this way before, but follow the listed links to learn more, and use the sample files as a guide.</p>
<p>Download the sample HTML and CSS to work on a copy locally. Once you have completed your masterpiece (and please, don’t submit half-finished work) upload your CSS file to a web server under your control. Send us a link to an archive of that file and all associated assets, and if we choose to use it we will download it and place it on our server.</p>
</div>
<div class="benefits">
<h3>Benefits</h3>
<p>Why participate? For recognition, inspiration, and a resource we can all refer to showing people how amazing CSS really can be. This site serves as equal parts inspiration for those working on the web today, learning tool for those who will be tomorrow, and gallery of future techniques we can all look forward to.</p>
</div>
<div class="sidebar">
<h3>Select a Design:</h3>
<ul>
<li>
Mid Century Modern by Andrew Lohman
</li>
<li>
Garments by Dan Mall
</li>
<li>
Steel by Steffen Knoeller
</li>
<li>
Apothecary by Trent Walton
</li>
<li>
Screen Filler by Elliot Jay Stocks
</li>
<li>
Fountain Kiss by Jeremy Carlson
</li>
<li>
A Robot Named Jimmy by meltmedia
</li>
<li>
Verde Moderna by Dave Shea
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Archives:</h3>
<ul>
<li>
Next Designs <span class="indicator">›</span>
</li>
<li>
View All Designs
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Resources:</h3>
<ul>
<li>
View This Design’s CSS
</li>
<li>
CSS Resources
</li>
<li>
FAQ
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.mezzoblue.com/zengarden/submit/" title="Send in your own CSS file.">
Submit a Design</a>
</li>
<li>
Translations
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="requirements">
<h3>Requirements</h3>
<p>Where possible, we would like to see mostly CSS 1 & 2 usage. CSS 3 & 4 should be limited to widely-supported elements only, or strong fallbacks should be provided. The CSS Zen Garden is about functional, practical CSS and not the latest bleeding-edge tricks viewable by 2% of the browsing public. The only real requirement we have is that your CSS validates.</p>
<p>Luckily, designing this way shows how well various browsers have implemented CSS by now. When sticking to the guidelines you should see fairly consistent results across most modern browsers. Due to the sheer number of user agents on the web these days — especially when you factor in mobile — pixel-perfect layouts may not be possible across every platform. That’s okay, but do test in as many as you can. Your design should work in at least IE9+ and the latest Chrome, Firefox, iOS and Android browsers (run by over 90% of the population).</p>
<p>We ask that you submit original artwork. Please respect copyright laws. Please keep objectionable material to a minimum, and try to incorporate unique and interesting visual themes to your work. We’re well past the point of needing another garden-related design.</p>
<p>This is a learning exercise as well as a demonstration. You retain full copyright on your graphics (with limited exceptions, see submission guidelines), but we ask you release your CSS under a Creative Commons license identical to the one on this site so that others may learn from your work.</p>
<hr>
<div class="author">
<p>By Dave Shea. Bandwidth graciously donated by mediatemple. Now available: Zen Garden, the book.</p>
</author>
</div>
<footer>
HTML
CSS
CC
A11y
GH
</footer>
</div>
</body>
</html>
body {
font-family: 'Source Sans Pro';
line-height: 120%;
font-size: 16px;
font-weight: 400;
color: #333;
background: #daede2;
z-index: 1;
width: 90%;
vertical-align: center;
}
p {
font-size: 20px;
line-height: 140%;
padding-left: 50px;
}
h1 {
font-weight: 300;
text-transform: uppercase;
font-size: 30px;
color: white;
margin-bottom: -25px;
}
h2 {
font-weight: 900;
font-size: 130px;
line-height: 100%;
color: white;
letter-spacing: -.025em;
line-height: 1em;
width: 65%;
margin-left: 50px;
position: relative;
}
.sub-heading {
text-transform: uppercase;
width: 60%;
margin: 0 0 50px 14px;
position: relative;
color: white;
letter-spacing: .07em;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
font-size: 30px;
font-weight: 400;
padding-left: 50px;
}
.main {
background: #77c4d3;
position: relative;
top: 50px;
left: 50px;
z-index: 2;
height: 5000px;
}
.main-side {
background: #3a4453;
position: absolute;
left: 1020px;
height: 2000px;
top: -200px;
width: 30%;
z-index: 1;
}
.redbox {
background: #df3c56;
position: relative;
top: 50px;
left: 50px;
padding: 25px;
width: 224px;
text-align: center;
}
.enlightenment {
background: #f2f9fb;
padding: 50px 50px 50px 0;
width: 58%;
position: relative;
top: 40px;
margin-bottom: 150px;
}
.about {
color: white;
width: 45%;
margin-bottom: 100px;
margin-top: 250px;
}
.about h3 {
color: white;
}
.benefits {
background: #f2f9fb;
position: relative;
top: 225px;
float: left;
padding: 50px;
width: 25%;
left: 50px;
}
.sidebar {
background: #e9f198;
position: absolute;
top: 70px;
right: 0px;
width: 25%;
font-size: 18px;
line-height: 200%;
letter-spacing: -.01em;
padding-right: 40px;
z-index: 4;
}
.sidebar a, h3 {
color: #333;
}
.sidebar h3 {
font-weight: 400;
padding-left: 40px;
margin-bottom: -20px;
}
.sidebar ul {
list-style-type: none;
}
.participation {
background: #df3c56;
float: right;
width: 45%;
color: white;
position: relative;
top: -618px;
right: 80px;
padding-top: 50px;
}
.participation p {
padding: 0 50px 0 50px;
}
.participation h3 {
color: white;
}
.requirements {
background: #f2f9fb;
position: relative;
float: right;
top: -625px;
width: 57%;
padding: 50px;
}
.requirements a {
color: #333;
text-transform: uppercase;
}
.author {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
footer {
background: #e9f198;
position: relative;
top: 119px;
padding: 25px;
font-size: 22px;
word-spacing: 10px;
color: #333;
left: -440px;
width: 80%;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: white;
border-bottom: solid 1px #999;
padding-bottom: 2px;
}
hr {
border: 0;
height: 0;
border-top: 1px solid #df3c56;
width: 93%;
margin: 50px 0 50px 50px;
}
All you need to do is move .main-side into .main so you can add the right z-index to it to make it overlap like the example you posted and adjust the values:
.main-side {
background: rgba(58,68,83, .8); //convert to rgba so you can fade the background like the example
position: absolute;
right: -150px; //update - change to right instead
height: 2400px; //update
top: -200px;
width: 30%;
z-index: 1;
}
I also converted some of your colors to rgba to give it that transparent look.
FIDDLE
I'm not quite sure what you're asking, but here's a few things that might help. First, to achieve what they are with the yellow menu, you should use something like this:
.sidebar {
background: #e9f198;
position: absolute;
top: 70px;
right: -100px;
width: 25%;
font-size: 18px;
line-height: 200%;
letter-spacing: -.01em;
padding-right: 40px;
z-index: 4;
}
You'll see that the sidebar is now placed more like theirs.
And with these two changes, does it get closer to what you're looking for?
.main {
background: #77c4d3;
position: relative;
top: 50px;
left: 50px;
z-index: 2;
height: 5000px;
}
.main-side {
background: #3a4453;
position: absolute;
left: 900px;
height: 2000px;
top: 70px;
width: 30%;
z-index: 1;
}
I've also made a JSFIDDLE, which you should always do in the future for questions like this!
I am really struggling to find what is making the grey space at the bottom of my site. This is the first time I have attempted any coding so any simply put answers would be greatly appreciated. I am sure there are numerous errors in the code / conflicting codes but
I have also been trying media queries which may also be making stuff go wrong? Any help would be really well received... Here is the code so far...
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Your Website</title>
<style>
a:link {
text-decoration: none;
font-family: "georgia";
font-style: normal;
font-size: 20px;
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
}
a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
font-family: "georgia";
font-style: normal;
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: none;
font-style: normal;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #c57b43;
}
a:active {
text-decoration: none;
font-style: normal;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
}
* {
padding: 0px;
margin: 0px;
margin-top: -5px;
}
#footer {
position: fixed;
clear: both;
width: 104%;
height: 30px;
bottom: 0;
border: none;
padding: 13px 0 0 0;
text-align:
center; color: #ffffff;
background-color: #ffffff; }
body {
background-color:grey;
height: auto;
background-size: 100% 100%\9
}
}
#container {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
color:blue;
margin-left:0;
padding-left: 0;
margin-top: 0;
padding-top: 0;
position: absolute;
}
#nav {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
text-align: center;
margin-left:0;
padding-left: 0;
padding-top: 0px;
height: 100px;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
font-size: 20px;
word-spacing: 20px;
float:left;
}
navtype {
position: absolute;
top: 60px;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
font-size: 20px;
word-spacing: 20px;
}
#images {
position: relative;
width:100%; /* you can use % */
height: auto;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
font-size: 20px;
top: 0px;
}
#fullscreen {
position: relative;
width:100%; /* you can use % */
height: auto;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
padding-top: 40px;
padding-bottom: 0px;
min-width: 50%;
text-align: center;
}
#test {
position: absolute;
width:100%; /* you can use % */
height: auto;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
min-width: 50%;
text-align: center;
background-size: 100%;
background-position: top center;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
display: block;
}
#ourstory {
position: relative;
width:100%; /* you can use % */
height: auto;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
padding-top: 40px;
padding-bottom: 50px;
min-width: 50%;
text-align: center;
background-image: url("/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW
SCROLL DOWNSITE/images/storyback.jpg" );
background-size: 100%;
}
#type {
position: relative;
margin-left: 15%;
margin-right: auto;
max-width: 70%;
font-family: "georgia";
font-style: italic;
font-weight:lighter;
color: #5f4029;
line-height: 180%;
font-size: 15px;
}
#media all and (min-width: 601px) {
#test {background-image:url("/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW
SCROLL DOWN SITE/images/breaker.jpg" );
width:100%;height:100%;
}
}
#media all and (max-width: 600px) {
#test {background-image:url("/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW
SCROLL DOWN SITE/images/breakermobile.jpg" );width:100%;height:100%;
}
#type {
position: relative;
margin-left: 15%;
margin-right: auto;
max-width: 70%;
font-family: "georgia";
font-style: italic;
font-weight:lighter;
color: #5f4029;
line-height: 180%;
font-size: 10px;
}
a:link {
text-decoration: none;
font-family: "georgia";
font-style: normal;
font-size: 13px;
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
}
a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
font-family: "georgia";
font-style: normal;
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: none;
font-style: normal;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #c57b43;
}
a:active {
text-decoration: none;
font-style: normal;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
}
* {
padding: 0px;
margin: 0px;
margin-top: -5px;
}
#nav {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
margin-left:0;
padding-left: 0;
padding-top: 0px;
height: 60px;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
font-size: 20px;
word-spacing: 20px;
position:relative;
}
navtype {
position: absolute;
top: 30px;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
font-family: "georgia";
font-weight:lighter;
color: #7a5131;
font-size: 20px;
word-spacing: 20px;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
<div id="nav">
<navtype><span>
Story
Testimonial
Recipes
Spreads
</span></navtype>
<a name="top"></a>
<img src="/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW SCROLL DOWN SITE/ images/headerbar.jpg"
alt="HTML5 Icon"style="width:100%;height:100%">
</div>
<div id="images">
<img src="/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW SCROLL DOWN SITE/ images/landscape.jpg"
alt="HTML5 Icon"style="width:100%;height:100%">
</div>
<div id="ourstory">
<a name="storyanchor"></a>
<div id="images">
<img src="/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW SCROLL DOWN SITE/ images/storypics.png"
alt="HTML5 Icon"style="width:100%;height:100%">
</div>
<div id="type">
How it all began
<br>
The emergence and growth of blogs in the late 1990s coincided with the advent o
web publishing tools that facilitated the posting of content by non tec
(Previously, a knowledge of such technologies as HTML and FTpu Indeed, bloggers do not only produce content to post on theirblogs, but also build social relations
<br><br>
Click Here For More Recipe ideas
</div>
</div>
<a name="testimonial"></a>
<img src="/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW SCROLL DOWN SITE/images/breaker.jpg"
alt="HTML5 Icon"style="width:100%;height:100%">
</div>
<div id="ourstory">
<a name="ourspreads"></a>
<div id="images">
<img src="/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW SCROLL DOWN SITE/ images/jars.png"
alt="HTML5 Icon"style="width:100%;height:100%">
</div>
<div id="type">
Our Spreads and Jams
<br>
The emergence and growth of blogs in the late 1990s coincided with the advent of ` web publishing tools that facilitated the posting of content by non-technical users. (Previously, a knowledge of such technologies as HTML and FTP had been required to publish ;content on the Web.)Indeed, bloggers do not only produce content to post on their blogs, but also build social relations
</div>
<div id="fullscreen">
<a name="recipes"></a>
<div id="images">
<img src="/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW SCROLL DOWN SITE/ images/recipes.jpg"
alt="HTML5 Icon"style="width:100%;height:100%">
</div>
</div>
<div id="test">
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
Back to top</p>
</div> <!--END OFCONTAINER browser-->
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/Users/DESIGNHAPPY04/Desktop/NEW SCROLL DOWN SITE/java/smoothscroll.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Congratulations on coding your own site. Here are some things that could be causing the odd gap:
Two default CSS styles that will effect spacing
Small space under an image, and this may be your bug. One quick fix is to change the image to display:block;. Another solution is to use vertical-align: bottom;, as demonstrated in this easy article: http://salman-w.blogspot.com/2012/10/remove-space-below-images-and-inline-block-elements.html
Margin Collapse happens when a top or bottom margin from one html element (divs, headings...) touch another without a border, padding or anything else in-between. One margin is deleted or the margins are added together, and will only be applied to one element. Please see this article for more info: http://www.sitepoint.com/web-foundations/collapsing-margins/
Potential problems within your code:
As Sable Foste suggested, run your code through the validator, and concentrate on the code errors. (You may not be able to fix everything the validator suggests.) Remember to fix the errors mentioned in the comments above, along with fixing the missing opening <p> tag in the footer, and removing the extra closing brackets } in the css under the body and navtype. Add the additional media query closing brackets } (they need 2: one for the actual style and one to close the media query). Remember to fix * {padding: 0px; margin:0px; margin-top:-5px;} by removing the margin-top:-5px, and assign this only to the styles that need a -5px top margin. These may seem trivial, but coding errors can wreak havoc on your layout.
It looks like your using <div id="test"> at the bottom to test the media queries. What you can do is use #test {display:none;} to hide the div in the regular css, and turn it back on by adding #test {display:block;} in the media queries. This may help you see if the test div is causing problems.
You asked about using a code snippet. Since this is an entire web page, perhaps a JSFiddle would be helpful.
JSFiddle Tutorial - this site lets you paste your html, css, and scripts in a separate, editable environment. It then displays the results in a small browser window. You can paste the link, and we can troubleshoot and demonstrate the fixes in a real environment. For example, the code you supplied does not show your problem, but if you had it in a JSFiddle, we could see the issue, help troubleshoot it, and offer a real example solution. If you have a JSFiddle example, people are more willing to help.
Useful Info
Developer Tools - learn how to use the built in developer tools in your browser because it'll be your best friend when troubleshooting your site. (Like the rest of us, this won't be your last bug). You can view your html and css code, and it has the added benefit of being able to turn off and even delete html elements and css styles. This helps to quickly find the offending element. It is safe to make edits in this environment because the changes are in the browser, and will not change your real code. Hit F12 in your browser to open developer tools, then use the little arrow and mouse over your elements in the browser window, and the code that displays below. Right click on the element to see more options. You can use Firefox with the downloadable Firebug extensions. This lets you edit the html and css. Lots of people like Chrome's developer tools, and you are in luck because CodeSchool offers a fun, free and easy course. It'll be well worth your time to take this because in the time it takes you to troubleshoot one bug, you could have finished this course.
When using this site, upvote the comments and answers that are helpful, and accept the answer that solves your problem. Upvoting and accepting builds your reputation and shows you are an active participant with your own questions, it builds the reputation of the people that answer your questions, and it builds the reputation of the question. If you find your own solution, it's helpful to post the fix.