GROUP_CONCAT on two tables - mysql

I have two tables, with independent ids (can't be connected via joins), I want to query and get a GROUP_CONCAT of both columns.
Example: table "a" has ids: 1, 2, 3. table "b" has the ids: 10, 11.
End result should be: 1, 2, 3, 10, 11
I have tried a few queries:
SELECT CONCAT_WS(',', GROUP_CONCAT(a.id), GROUP_CONCAT(b.id)) AS combined FROM a, b
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(a.id, b.id) AS combined FROM a, b
These queries are returning me duplicate results though 8as in, all results from a twice and all results from b twice as well)

Try union all:
select group_concat(ab.id) as ids
from ((select id from a
) union all
(select id from b
)
) ab;
Your queries are doing cross join's between the tables, so data after the cross join is:
a.id b.id
1 10
1 11
2 10
2 11
3 10
3 11
After the union all, the data is:
ab.id
1
2
3
10
11

GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT [])
will help
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/group-by-functions.html#function_group-concat

The following query will generate that you want.
You can play with the table_position dynamic column for deciding which table goes first.
Select group_concat(id order by table_position) from
(
select id, 1 as table_position from a
union all
select id, 2 as table_position from b
)

If you want duplicates, use union all. If you don't want duplicates, use union.
In either case, the query you need is as follows:
select group_concat(id) from
(select id from a
union
select id from b) as ids;

Related

MySQL select from custom set and compare with table data

Hi I'm trying to solve which elements doesn't exists in my database. In order to do so I want to compare list of integers (output from external script) with data in table. How to do such thing like:
SELECT * FROM (1,1,2,3,5,8,13...) l WHERE l NOT IN (select id from table1);
This is probably best done with a left outer join. But, your problem is creating the table of constants:
SELECT *
FROM (select 1 as id union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 5 union all
select 8 union all select 13 union all select 21 . . .
) ids
where ids.id NOT IN (select id from table1);
This can have odd behavior, if table1.id is ever NULL. The following works more generally:
SELECT *
FROM (select 1 as id union all select 2 union all select 3 union all select 5 union all
select 8 union all select 13 union all select 21 . . .
) ids left outer join
table1 t1
on ids.id = t1.id
where t1.id is null;
EDIT:
The size of a MySQL query is dictated by the parameter max_packet_size (see here). The most recent version has a limit of 1 Gbyte. You should be able to fit 18,000 rows of:
select <n> union all
into that limit, quite easily. Gosh, I don't even think it would be 1 megabyte. I would say, though, that passing a list of 18,000 ids through the application seems inefficient. It would be nice if one database could just pull the data from the other database, without going through the application.
If your set to compare is huge I'd recommend you to create a temporary table myids with the only column id, put there all your 18K values and run query like that:
select id from myids where myids.id not in (select id from table1);

Get list of IDs not present in table

Say I have a list of ids, e.g. (1, 3, 9, 2, 4, 86), and a table with a column id. I want to find all of the numbers in my list where there is not a matching row.
i.e. if the mysql table was like this:
id letter
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 d
5 e
6 f
7 g
And I have the list (1, 3, 9, 2, 4, 86), I want a query that will return (9, 86).
The only thing I can think of, is to build a really big virtual table, like:
select 1 as n union select 3 as n union select 9 as n union ....
Which I can then join against. Is there a better way? I would like to be able to do this all within mysql. As a side note (although I don't expect it to be relevant), my table has around 10,000 rows, and the list I'm using has ~100 numbers in it.
You have to first create a table that will contain the elements of the LIST
i.e (1, 3, 9, 2, 4, 86)
create table t
(
num int
)
insert into t
values
(1),(3),(9),(2),(4),(86)
Now you can use NOT IN
SELECT num
FROM t
WHERE num not in (select id from letter_table);
SQL Fiddle
From Comments.
Edit:
There is a way in which you don't have to create a table
select N from
(select 1 as N
union all
select 3 as N
union all
select 9 as N
union all
select 2 as N
union all
select 4 as N
union all
select 86 as N)t1
where t1.N
not in (select id from letter_table)
Please refer the New SQL Fiddle.
I think OP want's the Edited Part.
P.S. Make Sure table t1 doesn't exists in your DB
Create a table which contains IDs and than you can do it eaasily. See a demonstration here
SELECT
S.id,
'' AS `letter`
FROM sequence S
WHERE S.id NOT IN(SELECT
id
FROM mytable)
SQL Fiddle Demo
Assuming you use the temp table or the UNION method in #Luv's answer, consider replacing the NOT IN with an outer join as it'll likely perform better (test with your actual environment & data, of course):
SELECT num
FROM t
LEFT OUTER JOIN letter_table
ON t.num = letter_table.id
WHERE letter_table.id IS NULL;
If you use the UNION method, replace FROM t with FROM ([big UNION here]) t.

Adding one extra row to the result of MySQL select query

I have a MySQL table like this
id Name count
1 ABC 1
2 CDF 3
3 FGH 4
using simply select query I get the values as
1 ABC 1
2 CDF 3
3 FGH 4
How I can get the result like this
1 ABC 1
2 CDF 3
3 FGH 4
4 NULL 0
You can see Last row. When Records are finished an extra row in this format
last_id+1, Null ,0 should be added. You can see above. Even I have no such row in my original table. There may be N rows not fixed 3,4
The answer is very simple
select (select max(id) from mytable)+1 as id, NULL as Name, 0 as count union all select id,Name,count from mytable;
This looks a little messy but it should work.
SELECT a.id, b.name, coalesce(b.`count`) as `count`
FROM
(
SELECT 1 as ID
UNION
SELECT 2 as ID
UNION
SELECT 3 as ID
UNION
SELECT 4 as ID
) a LEFT JOIN table1 b
ON a.id = b.id
WHERE a.ID IN (1,2,3,4)
UPDATE 1
You could simply generate a table that have 1 column preferably with name (ID) that has records maybe up 10,000 or more. Then you could simply join it with your table that has the original record. For Example, assuming that you have a table named DummyRecord with 1 column and has 10,000 rows on it
SELECT a.id, b.name, coalesce(b.`count`) as `count`
FROM DummyRecord a LEFT JOIN table1 b
ON a.id = b.id
WHERE a.ID >= 1 AND
a.ID <= 4
that's it. Or if you want to have from 10 to 100, then you could use this condition
...
WHERE a.ID >= 10 AND
a.ID <= 100
To clarify this is how one can append an extra row to the result set
select * from table union select 123 as id,'abc' as name
results
id | name
------------
*** | ***
*** | ***
123 | abc
Simply use mysql ROLLUP.
SELECT * FROM your_table
GROUP BY Name WITH ROLLUP;
select
x.id,
t.name,
ifnull(t.count, 0) as count
from
(SELECT 1 AS id
-- Part of the query below, you will need to generate dynamically,
-- just as you would otherwise need to generate 'in (1,2,3,4)'
UNION ALL SELECT 2
UNION ALL SELECT 3
UNION ALL SELECT 4
UNION ALL SELECT 5
) x
LEFT JOIN YourTable t
ON t.id = x.id
If the id does not exist in the table you're selecting from, you'll need to LEFT JOIN against a list of every id you want returned - this way, it will return the null values for ones that don't exist and the true values for those that do.
I would suggest creating a numbers table that is a single-columned table filled with numbers:
CREATE TABLE `numbers` (
id int(11) unsigned NOT NULL
);
And then inserting a large amount of numbers, starting at 1 and going up to what you think the highest id you'll ever see plus a thousand or so. Maybe go from 1 to 1000000 to be on the safe side. Regardless, you just need to make sure it's more-than-high enough to cover any possible id you'll run into.
After that, your query can look like:
SELECT n.id, a.*
FROM
`numbers` n
LEFT JOIN table t
ON t.id = n.id
WHERE n.id IN (1,2,3,4);
This solution will allow for a dynamically growing list of ids without the need for a sub-query with a list of unions; though, the other solutions provided will equally work for a small known list too (and could also be dynamically generated).

Changing a Query with a numbered result set (with gaps,) to return result with no gaps, containing every number.

I have a select statement: select a, b, [...]; which returns the results:
a|b
---------
1|8688798
2|355744
4|457437
7|27834
I want it to return:
a|b
---------
1|8688798
2|355744
3|0
4|457437
5|0
6|0
7|27834
An example query that does not do what I would like, since it does not have the gap numbers:
select
sub.num_of_ratings,
count(sub.rater)
from
(
select
r.rater_id as rater,
count(r.id) as num_of_ratings
from ratings r
group by rater
) as sub
group by num_of_ratings;
Explanation of the query:
If a user rates another user, the rating is listed in the table ratings and the id of the rating user is kept in the field rater_id. Effectively I check for all users who are referred to in ratings and count how many ratings records I find for that user, which is rater / num_of_ratings, and then I use this result to find how many users have rated a given number of times.
At the end I know how many users rated once, how many users rated twice, etc. My problem is that the numbers for count(sub.rater) start fine from 1,2,3,4,5... However, for bigger numbers there are gaps. This is because there might be one user who rated 1028 times - but no user who rated 1027 times.
I don't want to apply stored procedures looping over the result or something like that. Is it possible to fill those gaps in the result without using stored procedures, looping, or creating temporary tables?
If you have a sequence of numbers, then you can do a JOIN with that table and fill in the gaps properly.
You can check out this questions on how to get the sequence:
generate an integer sequence in MySQL
Here is one of the answers posted that might be easily used with the limitation that generates numbers from 1 to 10,000:
SELECT #row := #row + 1 as row FROM
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t2,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t3,
(select 0 union all select 1 union all select 3 union all select 4 union all select 5 union all select 6 union all select 6 union all select 7 union all select 8 union all select 9) t4,
(SELECT #row:=0) t5
Using a sequence of numbers, you can join your result set. For instance, assuming your number list is in a table called numbersList, with column number:
Select number, Count
from
numbersList left outer join
(select
sub.num_of_ratings,
count(sub.rater) as Count
from
(
select
r.rater_id as rater,
count(r.id) as num_of_ratings
from ratings r
group by rater
) as sub
group by num_of_ratings) as num
on num.num_of_ratings=numbersList.number
where numbersList.number<max(num.num_of_ratings)
Your numbers list must be larger than your largest value, obviously, and the restriction will allow it to not have all numbers up to the maximum. (If MySQL does not allow that type of where clause, you can either leave the where clause out to list all numbers up to the maximum, or modify the query in various ways to achieve the same result.)
#mazzucci: the query is too magical and you are not actually explaining the query.
#David: I cannot create a table for that purpose (as stated in the question)
Basically what I need is a select that returns a gap-less list of numbers. Then I can left join on that result set and treat NULL as 0.
What I need is an arbitrary table that keeps more records than the length of the final list. I use the table user for that in the following example:
select #row := #row + 1 as index
from (select #row := -1) r, users u
limit 101;
This query returns a set of the numbers von 0 to 100. Using it as a subquery in a left join finally fills the gap.
users is just a dummy to keep the relational engine going and hence producing the numbers incrementally.
select t1.index as a, ifnull(t2.b, 0) as b
from (
select #row := #row + 1 as index
from (select #row := 0) r, users u
limit 7
) as t1
left join (
select a, b [...]
) as t2
on t1.index = t2.a;
I didn't try this very query live, so have merci with me if there is a little flaw. but technically it works. you get my point.
EDIT:
just used this concept to gain a gapless list of dates to left join measures onto it:
select #date := date_add(#date, interval 1 day) as date
from (select #date := '2010-10-14') d, users u
limit 700
starts from 2010/10/15 and iterates 699 more days.

How to address multiple columns as one in MySQL?

Columns a, b and c contain some values of the same nature. I need to select all the unique values. If I had just one column I'd use something like
SELECT DISTINCT a FROM mytable ORDER BY a;
but I need to treat a, b and c columns as one and gett all the unique values ever occurring among them.
As an example, let this be a CSV representation of mytable, the first row naming the columns:
a, b, c
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 4
5, 7, 1
The result of the query is to be:
1
2
3
4
5
7
UPDATE: I don't understand why do all of you suggest wrapping it in an extra SELECT? It seems to me that the answer is
(SELECT `a` AS `result` FROM `mytable`)
UNION (SELECT `b` FROM `mytable`)
UNION (SELECT `c` FROM `mytable`)
ORDER BY `result`;
isn't it?
So you want one column all with unique values from a, b and c? Try this:
(select a as yourField from d1)
union
(select b from d2)
union
(select c from d3)
order by yourField desc
limit 5
Working example
Edited after requirements changed... There you have the order by and limit you requested. Of course, you'll get only 5 records in this example
sorry i miss understood your question. here is updated query.
select a from my table
UNION
select b from my table
UNION
select c from my table
SELECT tmp.a
FROM
(SELECT column_1 AS a
FROM table
UNION
SELECT column_2 AS a
FROM table
UNION
SELECT column_3 AS a
FROM table) AS tmp
ORDER BY `tmp`.`a` ASC
try this:
SELECT b.iResult
FROM
(SELECT a as iResult FROM tableName
UNION
SELECT b as iResult FROM tableName
UNION
SELECT c as iResult FROM tableName) b
ORDER BY b.iResult
LIMIT BY 10 -- or put any number you want to limit.