I'm trying to complete background in kind of Space Invaders game. I want to generate stars at a random location, scroll them to the bottom of the stage and then add new star after each one is gone. I guess that the problem lies on the indexOf method, which I tried to use to find star y proprety.
I know this may be a stupid mistake, i'm a beginner :)
My current main class:
public class Main extends Sprite
{
private var ship:Ship = new Ship();
private var numStars:int = 80;
private var starArray:Array = new Array();
public function Main():void
{
stage.addChild(ship);
ship.x = stage.stageWidth / 2 - ship.width / 2;
ship.y = stage.stageHeight / 2 - ship.height / 2;
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, keyDownHandler);
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, keyUpHandler);
stage.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, enterFrameHandler);
for (var i:int = 0; i < numStars; i++)
{
createStar();
}
}
public function createStar():void
{
var newStar:Star = new Star();
starArray.push(newStar);
stage.addChildAt(newStar,1);
newStar.x = Math.random() * stage.stageWidth;
newStar.y = Math.random() * stage.stageHeight;
newStar.alpha = Math.random();
newStar.rotation = Math.random()*360;
newStar.scaleX = Math.random();
newStar.scaleY = Math.random();
}
public function keyDownHandler(e:KeyboardEvent):void
{
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.UP)
{
ship.accelerationY = -0.3;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.DOWN)
{
ship.accelerationY = 0.3;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.LEFT)
{
ship.accelerationX = -0.3;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.RIGHT)
{
ship.accelerationX = 0.3;
}
}
public function keyUpHandler(e:KeyboardEvent):void
{
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.UP || e.keyCode == Keyboard.DOWN)
{
ship.accelerationX = 0;
ship.accelerationY = 0;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.LEFT || e.keyCode == Keyboard.RIGHT)
{
ship.accelerationY = 0;
ship.accelerationX = 0;
}
}
public function enterFrameHandler(e:Event):void
{
//acceleration
ship.vx += ship.accelerationX;
ship.vy += ship.accelerationY;
//friction
ship.vx *= ship.friction;
ship.vy *= ship.friction;
if (Math.abs(ship.vx) < 0.1)
{
ship.vx = 0;
}
if (Math.abs(ship.vy) < 0.1)
{
ship.vy = 0;
}
ship.rotation = ship.vx * 2;
//set speed limit
if (ship.vx > ship.speedLimit)
{
ship.vx = ship.speedLimit;
}
if (ship.vx < -ship.speedLimit)
{
ship.vx = -ship.speedLimit;
}
if (ship.vy > ship.speedLimit)
{
ship.vy = ship.speedLimit;
}
if (ship.vy < -ship.speedLimit)
{
ship.vy = -ship.speedLimit;
}
//set stage boundaries
if (ship.x < 0)
{
ship.x = 0;
}
if (ship.y < 0)
{
ship.y = 0;
}
if (ship.x + ship.width > stage.stageWidth)
{
ship.x = stage.stageWidth - ship.width;
}
if (ship.y + ship.height > stage.stageHeight)
{
ship.y = stage.stageHeight - ship.height;
}
ship.x += ship.vx;
ship.y += ship.vy;
//star enter frame code
for (var i:int = 0; i < numStars; i++)
{
starArray[i].y += 0.5 + Math.random() * 2;
}
if (starArray.indexOf(starArray.y) > stage.stageHeight) //if y property of any star is higher than stage height, create a new star
{
createStar();
}
}
}
i recommend looking into tween utilities like TweenLite which do time based animations: (http://www.greensock.com/tweenlite/)
also recommend looking into object pooling, reused objects instead of creating new ones. Good thing to learn as a new programmer.
you are correct about where your issue lies
i got your program working correctly with the following change:
---------change these lines-------------
//star enter frame code
for (var i:int = 0; i < numStars; i++)
{
starArray[i].y += 0.5 + Math.random() * 2;
}
if (starArray.indexOf(starArray.y) > stage.stageHeight) //if y property of any star is higher than stage height, create a new star
{
createStar();
}
---------to this-------------
//star enter frame code
for (var i:int = 0; i < numStars; i++)
{
var star:Star = starArray[i];
star.y += 0.5 + Math.random() * 2;
if (star.y>stage.stageHeight){
//dont create a new star -- memory leak
//move the same star to a new random location
star.y = 0;
}
}
Instead of just creating a new star, why not just replace it at the top outside of the screen?
As for indexOf, it only returns the index in an array of the object being passed. And in this case you're passing the y value of an array, which doesn't have that property.
Instead, move your position checking code to your for loop in the game loop. That way, you already have an index (your i variable) of the star that's outside the boundaries and if it is, just reposition it and save some memory!
for (var i:int = 0; i < numStars; i++)
{
starArray[i].y += 0.5 + Math.random() * 2;
if(starArray[i].y > stage.stageHeight)
{
// Repositions the star between x: 0 to stageWidth, y: -5 to -15
starArray[i].y = Math.random() * -10 - 5;
starArray[i].x = Math.random() * stage.stageWidth;
}
}
Related
I'm trying to make a simple game on Animate CC. Everything seems to work fine except when I look in the output, I get the following error:
TypeError: Error #1009: Cannot access a property or method of a null
object reference.
at _2D_CW2_Game_v10_8_fla::MainTimeline/move()
at _2D_CW2_Game_v10_8_fla::MainTimeline/updateOb()
So I know where the issue might be, and I've been trying tweaking the code for days, googling possible solutions, but to no avail...
My entire source code is as below. Any feedback/suggestions will be greatly appreciated.
import flash.ui.Keyboard;
import flash.events.KeyboardEvent;
import flash.events.MouseEvent;
import flash.events.Event;
import flash.display.MovieClip;
import flash.net.URLRequest;
import flash.media.Sound;
import flash.media.SoundMixer;
//==================================================
// Variable declaration
//==================================================
// defines the variables for boundaries
var left:Number = 0;
var top:Number = 0;
var right:Number = stage.stageWidth;
var bottom:Number = stage.stageHeight;
var velX:Number = 0;
var velY:Number = 0;
var gravity:Number = 1;
var friction:Number = 0.8;
var bounce:Number = -0.5;
var score:Number = 2;
var cv:Number = 0;
var curCount:Number = 30; // countdown 30s
var rightKeyDown:Boolean = false;
var leftKeyDown:Boolean = false;
var upKeyDown:Boolean = false;
var touchGround:Boolean = false;
// create and place player object on stage
var player:Player = new Player();
player.x = 110;
player.y = 460;
addChild(player);
// create obstacle array
var obstacles:Array = new Array();
var numOb:Number = 3;
// create and place enemies on stage
for (var i:Number = 0; i < numOb; i++) {
var ob:Npc = new Npc();
ob.x = 800;
ob.y = 470;
ob.scaleX = -1;
ob.vx = Math.random() * 20 + 1;
addChild(ob);
obstacles.push(ob);
}
//==================================================
// Event handlers
//==================================================
stage.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, EntFrame);
addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, updateOb);
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, keyDown);
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, keyUp);
//==================================================
// Functions
//==================================================
function keyDown(e:KeyboardEvent):void {
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.RIGHT) {
rightKeyDown = true;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.LEFT) {
leftKeyDown = true;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.UP) {
// if player isn't already jumping and is on the ground
if (!upKeyDown && touchGround) {
// then start jumping
isJumping();
}
upKeyDown = true;
}
}
function keyUp(e:KeyboardEvent):void {
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.RIGHT) {
rightKeyDown = false;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.LEFT) {
leftKeyDown = false;
}
if (e.keyCode == Keyboard.UP) {
upKeyDown = false;
}
}
function EntFrame(e:Event):void {
player.x += velX;
player.y += velY;
velX *= friction;
velY += gravity;
if (player.y >= 450) {
touchGround = true;
player.y = 450;
}
// boundary checks
if (player.x + player.width/2 > right) {
player.x = right - player.width/2;
player.velX *= bounce;
} else if (player.x - player.width/2 < left) {
player.x = left + player.width/2;
player.velX *= bounce;
}
// make player move left or right
controls();
if (curCount > 0) {
cv++;
if (cv >= 30) {
curCount--;
cv = 0;
timertext.text = String(curCount);
if (curCount == 0) {
restart();
gotoAndStop("gameOverWon");
}
}
}
}
function updateOb(e:Event):void {
// make obstacles move
for (var i:Number = 0; i < numOb; i++) {
var ob:Npc = obstacles[i];
move(ob);
if (player.hitTestObject(obstacles[i])) {
/*if (obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x + player.width/2, player.y + player.height/2, true)
|| obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x + player.width/2, player.y - player.height/2, true)
|| obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x - player.width/2, player.y + player.height/2, true)
|| obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x - player.width/2, player.y - player.height/2, true))*/
bumpOb(obstacles[i]);
}
}
scoretext.text = String(score);
if (score == 0) {
restart();
gotoAndStop("gameOverLost");
}
}
// applies basic velocity to enemies
function move(moveOb) {
moveOb.x -= moveOb.vx;
if (moveOb.x + moveOb.width/2 > right) {
moveOb.x = right - moveOb.width/2;
moveOb.vx *= bounce;
moveOb.scaleX = -1;
}
if (moveOb.x - moveOb.width/2 < left) {
moveOb.x = left + moveOb.width/2;
moveOb.vx *= bounce;
moveOb.scaleX = 1;
}
}
function bumpOb(p) {
if (p) {
p.removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, updateOb);
if (p.parent) {
removeChild(p);
score--;
}
}
}
function restart() {
if(contains(player)) {
removeChild(player);
}
for (var i:int = 0; i < numOb; i++) {
if (contains(obstacles[i]) && obstacles[i] != null) {
removeChild(obstacles[i]);
obstacles[i] = null;
}
}
// returns a new array that consists of a range of elements from the original array,
// without modifying the original array
obstacles.slice(0);
}
function controls() {
if (rightKeyDown) {
velX += 3;
player.scaleX = 1;
}
if (leftKeyDown) {
velX -= 3;
player.scaleX = -1;
}
}
function isJumping() {
touchGround = false;
velY = -15;
}
//==================================================
// Sound control for background music
//==================================================
btnMute.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, mute);
function mute(e:MouseEvent):void {
SoundMixer.soundTransform = new SoundTransform(0);
btnMute.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, mute);
btnMute.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, unmute);
}
function unmute(e:MouseEvent):void {
SoundMixer.soundTransform = new SoundTransform(1);
btnMute.removeEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, unmute);
btnMute.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, mute);
}
I had the same problem when I created interactive elements for animation. Check which layer the interactive object is on. A similar error occurred when the object overlapped something that was located on the layer above.
You can try...
1) Your Npc is a class/library object, right?
Give the source MC/Sprite, the instance name of moveOb or p.
2) or else try... Use function parameters (this is a better coding style):
(2a) Since you say..
var ob:Npc = obstacles[i];
move(ob);
ps: why not simplify (without var) as : move( obstacles[i] ); ...?
(2b) Your move function should specify a data type together with your parameter name...
//# applies basic velocity to enemies
//# Wrong...
//function move(moveOb) {
//# Better...
function move( moveOb : Npc ) {
//# Aso fix as...
function bumpOb(p : Npc ) {
By using function parameters, you can now give unique names to the (function's) input parameters but stay referencing the same (or compatible) data type.
Let me know how it goes.
The obstacles array may have null elements in the middle. What if you add a condition to continue if it's null?
function updateOb(e:Event):void {
// make obstacles move
for (var i:Number = 0; i < obstacles.length; i++) {
var ob:Npc = obstacles[i];
if(!ob) continue;
move(ob);
if (player.hitTestObject(ob)) {
/*if (obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x + player.width/2, player.y +
player.height/2, true)
|| obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x + player.width/2, player.y -
player.height/2, true)
|| obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x - player.width/2, player.y +
player.height/2, true)
|| obstacles[i].hitTestPoint(player.x - player.width/2, player.y -
player.height/2, true))*/
bumpOb(obstacles[i]);
}
}
scoretext.text = String(score);
if (score == 0) {
restart();
gotoAndStop("gameOverLost");
}
}
I got this code off the internet for the game Pong to work on my AS3 document for my assignment. However i'm pretty much a beginner at code and i'm trying to get this game to work on mobile as the assignment needs a game to work on it.
Because it uses arrow keys, i would like to basically just replace them with buttons instead, one for going up and one for going down. I just don't know the type of code that would allow me to do that.
Something like, when button is pressed, player moves up or down depending which button, but im not sure where to replace the code and what to get rid of.
Here's the "Pong" class file:
package {
import flash.display.MovieClip;
import flash.events.KeyboardEvent;
import flash.ui.Keyboard;
import flash.events.Event;
public class Pong extends MovieClip {
//constants
private var pongUp:MovieClip = new PongUp ;
private var pongDown:MovieClip = new PongDown ;
const ballspeed:int = 10;
const playerspeed:int = 7;
const computerspeed:int = 10;
const computerIntelligence:int = 7;//intelligence is 7 out of 10
//global variables
var vx:int = - ballspeed;// x component of velocity of ball (velocity is speed with direction)
var vy:int = ballspeed;// y component of velocity of ball
var v1:int = 0;// initial velocity of player
var v2:int = 0;// initial velocity of computer
var playerScore:int = 0;
var computerScore:int = 0;
var player:MovieClip = new PongPlayer ;
var computer:MovieClip = new PongComputer ;
var ball:MovieClip = new PongBall ;
public function Pong() {
//init();
addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE,init);
}
//this function will add all event listeners
function init(e:Event):void {
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN,KeyDown);
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP,KeyUp);
stage.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME,EnterFrame);
addChild(player);
addChild(computer);
addChild(ball);
player.x = 23;
player.y = 300;
computer.x = 637;
computer.y = 311;
ball.x = 308;
ball.y = 328;
addChild(pongUp);
pongUp.x = 25;
pongUp.y = 700;
addChild(pongDown);
pongDown.x = 530;
pongDown.y = 700;
}
// this function resets the game
function reset():void {
player.y = stage.stageHeight / 2;
computer.y = stage.stageHeight / 2;
ball.x = stage.stageWidth / 2;
ball.y = stage.stageHeight / 2;
if (Math.abs(Math.random() * 2) > 1)
{
vx = - ballspeed;
}
else
{
vx = ballspeed;
}
if (Math.abs(Math.random() * 2) > 1)
{
vy = - ballspeed;
}
else
{
vy = ballspeed;
}
}
//pongDown.addEventListener ( MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN,moveDown );
//function moveDown ( e:MouseEvent ): void
//{
//}
//this function sets the velocity of player when key is pressed
function KeyDown(event:KeyboardEvent):void {
if (event.keyCode == Keyboard.UP)
{
v1 = - playerspeed;
}
else if (event.keyCode == Keyboard.DOWN)
{
v1 = playerspeed;
}
}
//this function sets the velocity of player to 0 if key is released
function KeyUp(event:KeyboardEvent):void {
if (event.keyCode == Keyboard.UP || event.keyCode == Keyboard.DOWN)
{
v1 = 0;
}
}
//This function is executed when a frame changes
function EnterFrame(event:Event):void {
//variable decleration
var pHalfHeight = player.height / 2;// half height of player(used for collisions)
var pHalfWidth = player.width / 2;// half width of player (used for collisions)
var bHalfHeight = ball.height / 2;// half height of ball(used for collisions)
var bHalfWidth = ball.width / 2;// half width of ball (used for collisions)
//moving the player
player.y += v1;
//limiting the motion of player (it should not move beyond the stageheight)
if (player.y + pHalfHeight > stage.stageHeight)
{
player.y = stage.stageHeight - pHalfHeight;
}
else if (player.y - pHalfHeight < 0)
{
player.y = 0 + pHalfHeight;
}
//moving the ball
ball.x += vx;
ball.y += vy;
//moving the computer automatically
if (Math.abs(Math.random() * 10) < computerIntelligence)
{
var d:int = computer.y - ball.y;
if (Math.abs(d) > pHalfHeight)
{
if ((d > 0))
{
v2 = - computerspeed;
}
else
{
v2 = computerspeed;
}
}
}
computer.y += v2;
//limiting the motion of computer (it should not move beyond the stageheight)
if (computer.y + pHalfHeight > stage.stageHeight)
{
computer.y = stage.stageHeight - pHalfHeight;
}
else if (computer.y - pHalfHeight < 0)
{
computer.y = 0 + pHalfHeight;
}
//collision with horizontal walls
if (ball.y + bHalfHeight >= stage.stageHeight || ball.y - bHalfHeight <= 0)
{
vy *= -1;
}
//collision with player and computer
if (ball.x - bHalfWidth <= player.x + pHalfWidth)
{
if (Math.abs(ball.y - player.y) <= pHalfHeight)
{
vx = ballspeed;
if ((v1 != 0))
{
vy = 2 * v1;
}
}
}
else if (ball.x + bHalfWidth >= computer.x - pHalfWidth)
{
if (Math.abs(ball.y - computer.y) <= pHalfHeight)
{
vx = - ballspeed;
if ((v2 != 0))
{
vy = v2;
}
}
}
//collision with vertical walls & updating scores
if (ball.x + bHalfWidth >= stage.stageWidth)
{
playerScore += 1;
reset();
}
else if (ball.x - bHalfWidth <= 0)
{
computerScore += 1;
reset();
}
//display the score on the textfield
//txtPlayer.text = String(playerScore);
//txtComputer.text = String(computerScore);
}
}
}
For mobile, you'll want to compile using AIR for Android or iOS. You can then replace:
//this function sets the velocity of player when key is pressed
function KeyDown(event:KeyboardEvent):void {
if (event.keyCode == Keyboard.UP)
{
v1 = - playerspeed;
}
else if (event.keyCode == Keyboard.DOWN)
{
v1 = playerspeed;
}
}
//this function sets the velocity of player to 0 if key is released
function KeyUp(event:KeyboardEvent):void {
if (event.keyCode == Keyboard.UP || event.keyCode == Keyboard.DOWN)
{
v1 = 0;
}
}
with:
function KeyDown(event:TouchEvent):void {
if (event.stageY < player.y){
v1 = - playerspeed;
}else if (event.stageY > player.y){
v1 = playerspeed;
}
}
function KeyUp(event:TouchEvent):void {
v1 = 0;
}
Then replace:
//this function will add all event listeners
function init(e:Event):void {
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN,KeyDown);
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP,KeyUp);
with:
//this function will add all event listeners
function init(e:Event):void {
stage.addEventListener(TouchEvent.TOUCH_BEGIN, KeyDown);
stage.addEventListener(TouchEvent.TOUCH_END, KeyUp);
And make sure to use TouchEvent instead of KeyboardEvent by replacing:
import flash.events.KeyboardEvent;
with:
import flash.events.TouchEvent;
Now when you hold your finger down on the screen, the "player" will move towards that Y location. If your game is using the X axis, just change the Ys to Xs!
Hope this helps!
I'm currently using this particle system and it work fine. Particle's should be destroy after cross boundry's or alpha's smaller then 0. But however sometimes when i use this code like pereatly 4 it fails and particles cant destory.
function init():void
{
particleArray = [];
addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onEnterFrameLoop);
createParticle(s3.whell.x,s3.whell.y);
}
function onEnterFrameLoop(event:Event):void
{
updateParticle();
}
/**
* createParticle(target X position, target Y position)
*/
function createParticle(targetX:Number, targetY:Number):void
{
//run for loop based on particleTotal
for (var i:Number = 0; i < particleTotal; i++)
{
var particle_mc:MovieClip = new Particle();
//set position & rotation, alpha
particle_mc.x = targetX
particle_mc.y = targetY
particle_mc.rotation = Math.random() * 360;
particle_mc.alpha = Math.random() * 1.1;
//set particle boundry
particle_mc.boundyLeft = targetX - particleRange;
particle_mc.boundyTop = targetY - particleRange;
particle_mc.boundyRight = targetX + particleRange;
particle_mc.boundyBottom = targetY + particleRange;
//set speed/direction of fragment
particle_mc.speedX = Math.random() * particleMaxSpeed - Math.random() * particleMaxSpeed;
particle_mc.speedY = Math.random() * particleMaxSpeed - Math.random() * particleMaxSpeed;
particle_mc.speedX *= particleMaxSpeed
particle_mc.speedY *= particleMaxSpeed
//set fade out speed
particle_mc.fadeSpeed = Math.random()*particleFadeSpeed;
//just a visual particle counter
particleCurrentAmount++;
// add to array
particleArray.push(particle_mc);
// add to display list
addChild(particle_mc);
}
}
function updateParticle():void
{
for (var i = 0; i < particleArray.length; i++)
{
var tempParticle:MovieClip = particleArray[i];
//update alpha, x, y
tempParticle.alpha -= tempParticle.fadeSpeed;
tempParticle.x += tempParticle.speedX;
tempParticle.y += tempParticle.speedY;
// if fragment is invisible remove it
if (tempParticle.alpha <= 0)
{
destroyParticle(tempParticle);
}
// if fragment is out of bounds, increase fade out speed
else if (tempParticle.x < tempParticle.boundyLeft ||
tempParticle.x > tempParticle.boundyRight ||
tempParticle.y < tempParticle.boundyTop ||
tempParticle.y > tempParticle.boundyBottom)
{
tempParticle.fadeSpeed += 8;
destroyParticle(tempParticle);
}
}
}
function destroyParticle(particle:MovieClip):void
{
for (var i = 0; i < particleArray.length; i++)
{
var tempParticle:MovieClip = particleArray[i];
if (tempParticle == particle)
{
particleCurrentAmount--;
particleArray.splice(i,1);
removeChild(tempParticle);
}
}
}
Ok, so I have an object on the stage that moves on the "world" movieclip. I'm trying to make it so that when you're moving right. If the movieclip inside the moving movieclip("dude") called hitD collides with the walls in world, the dude stops moving forward.
Screen shots if it might help.
General stage dude object selected
http://prntscr.com/5bgjfq the world is everything but the ball
http://prntscr.com/5bgjuh
hitD
If anyone has any way they can modify these collision physics since my current code is sketchy as hell, all suggestions and ideas are welcome.
var started:Boolean;
const NUMLEVELS = 3;
var status:String;
stage.focus = stage;
if (! started)
{// Only ever do this once!
status = "falling";
started = true;
var speedX:Number = 5;
var speedY:Number = 0;
var topSpeedY:Number = 50;
var start_x:Number = dude.x;
var start_y:Number = dude.y;
var keysDown:Object = new Object();
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, keyPressed);
stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, keyReleased);
stage.addEventListener( Event.DEACTIVATE, appDeactivate );
dude.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, moveDude);
var W:Number = 15;
var snows:Array = new Array();
}
for (var b:int = 0; b < 50; b++)
{
var snow:Snow = new Snow();
snows.push(snow);
addChild(snow);
}
function cleanup()
{
stage.removeEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, keyPressed);
stage.removeEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, keyReleased);
stage.removeEventListener( Event.DEACTIVATE, appDeactivate );
dude.removeEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, moveDude);
}
function keyIsDown(key:uint):Boolean
{
return Boolean(key in keysDown);
}
function keyPressed(e:KeyboardEvent):void
{
keysDown[e.keyCode] = true;
}
function keyReleased(e:KeyboardEvent):void
{
delete keysDown[e.keyCode];
}
function appDeactivate( event:Event ):void
{
// Get rid of all keypress info when app loses focus
keysDown=new Object();
}
function moveDude(e:Event):void
{
var obj:Object = e.target; //setting dude as object
// for now, if you get off the top of the screen you win
if (obj.y < 0)
{
cleanup();
nextScene();
return;
}
// if character dies, restart
if (obj.y > stage.stageHeight + 100)
{
gotoAndStop(1);
obj.x = start_x;
obj.y = start_y;
}
if (death!=null)
{
if (obj.hitTestObject(death))
{
trace("Dead");
}
}
if (status=="falling")
{
speedY++;
if (speedY>topSpeedY)
{
speedY = topSpeedY;
}
for (i = 0; i<2*speedY; i++)
{
obj.y++;
if (world.hitTestPoint(obj.x - obj.width / 2,obj.y,true) || world.hitTestPoint(obj.x + obj.width / 2,obj.y,true))
{
status = "ground";
break;
}
}
}
else if (status == "jumping")
{
speedY--;
for (i = 0; i<2*speedY; i++)
{
obj.y--;
if (world.hitTestPoint(obj.x - obj.width / 2,obj.y - obj.height,true) || world.hitTestPoint(obj.x + obj.width / 2,obj.y - obj.height,true))
{
speedY = 0;
break;
}
}
if (speedY==0)
{
status = "falling";
}
}
else if (status == "ground")
{
if (! world.hitTestPoint(obj.x - 8,obj.y,true) && ! world.hitTestPoint(obj.x + 8,obj.y + 4,true))
{
speedY = 0;
status = "falling";
}
if (keyIsDown(Keyboard.UP))
{
status = "jumping";
speedY = 10;
}
}
if (keyIsDown(Keyboard.DOWN)&&status=="ground")
{
dude.gotoAndStop("duck");
}
else
{
if (keyIsDown(Keyboard.SHIFT))
{
speedX = 10;
}
else
{
speedX = 5;
}
if (keyIsDown(Keyboard.LEFT))
{
for (i = 0; i<speedX; i++)
{
obj.x--;
dude.ball.rotation--; //dude.ball is a movieclip similar to dude.hitD, it spins when you move.
if (world.hitTestPoint(obj.x - obj.width / 2 + 4,obj.y - 8,true) || world.hitTestPoint(obj.x - obj.width / 2,obj.y - obj.height + 8,true))
{
dude.ball.rotation++;
obj.x++;
break;
}
}
}
else if (keyIsDown(Keyboard.RIGHT))
{
//dude.gotoAndStop("right");
//obj.scaleX = 1;
for (i = 0; i<speedX; i++)
{
obj.x++;
dude.ball.rotation++;
// The number in obj.y-4 affects the climbing ability
if (status == "ground")
{
//dude.height+= 0.1;
//dude.width += 0.1;
}//so here I'm checking if it hits the lower corner or top right corner or hitD
if (world.hitTestPoint(dude.hitD.x + obj.hitD.width/2 , obj.hitD.y,true) || world.hitTestPoint(obj.hitD.x + obj.hitD.width/2,obj.hitD.y - obj.hitD.height ,true))
//if (world.hitTestObject(obj))
{
dude.ball.rotation--;
obj.x--;
break;
}
}
}
dude.gotoAndStop(1);
}
while (status == "ground" && (world.hitTestPoint(obj.x-8, obj.y-1, true) || world.hitTestPoint(obj.x+8, obj.y-1, true)))
{
obj.y--;
}
const BORDER = 50;
var diff:int;
// Check right border:
diff = obj.x + BORDER - stage.stageWidth;
if (diff>0 && world.x>=stage.stageWidth-world.width)
{
obj.x -= diff;
world.x -= diff;
background1.x -= diff;
if (death != null)
{
death.x -= diff;
}
}
// Check left border:
diff = obj.x - BORDER;
if (diff<0 && world.x<=0)
{
obj.x -= diff;
world.x -= diff;
background1.x -= diff;
if (death != null)
{
death.x -= diff;
}
}
// Check bottom border:
diff = obj.y + BORDER - stage.stageHeight;
if (diff>0)
{
obj.y -= diff;
world.y -= diff;
background1.y -= diff;
if (death != null)
{
death.y -= diff;
}
}
// Check top border:
diff = obj.y - BORDER;
if (diff<0)
{
obj.y -= diff;
world.y -= diff;
background1.y -= diff;
if (death != null)
{
death.y -= diff;
}
}
if (obj.x > stage.stageWidth - 25)
{
if (currentFrame<NUMLEVELS)
{
gotoAndStop(currentFrame+1);
obj.x = 25;
}
else
{
obj.x = stage.stageWidth - 25;
}
}
else if (obj.x<25)
{
if (currentFrame>1)
{
gotoAndStop(currentFrame-1);
obj.x = stage.stageWidth - 25;
}
else
{
obj.x = 25;
}
}
}
Thanks in advance for any help you can provide :)
For player physics, it's more clear approach to make a central ENTER_FRAME handler function that just for calculating the transformations to be applied to player.
You can still get information from out, but you just process the final output there. Else, it could be problematic, especially when things gets more complex and when you want to add some more feature.(e.g. Imagine in the future, you wanted to add fans on the ground that blows air up, and player have to rise when on them. There you have a lot to change, and probably with many problems.
For collision detection, this function will provide you this information: to which direction(s) the player can't go with variables 'UpColl', 'DownColl', 'Right Coll' and 'LeftColl'.
Then you can refer to this information from your main function that applies the transformation to your player. I'll give example to that also below.
function collEveryFrame(event:Event):void
{
// capture player positions
player_x = WORLD.player.x;
player_y = WORLD.player.y;
// the movie clip object where you store your solid objects. Remember, ALL MovieClip objets inside this MovieClip will taken as solid objects in your game, and regardless their shape, their boundingBox will be taken as collison. So they will all be square.
collContainer = WORLD.cW;
// your player's collision object
playerColl = WORLD.player;
// RIGHT SQUARE COLLISION DETECTION
for (var i:int; i < collContainer.numChildren; i++)
{
// Check if any collision object colliding with player
if (playerColl.hitTestObject(collContainer.getChildAt(i)))
{
// One collision detected. Check 'from which side' does the player colliding with the object;
if (collContainer.getChildAt(i).y > playerColl.y + playerColl.height - p1MoveSpeed)
{
playerColl.y = collContainer.getChildAt(i).y - playerColl.height;
DownColl = true;
}
else if (collContainer.getChildAt(i).y + collContainer.getChildAt(i).height < playerColl.y + p1MoveSpeed)
{
playerColl.y = collContainer.getChildAt(i).y + collContainer.getChildAt(i).height;
UpColl = true;
}
else if (collContainer.getChildAt(i).x + collContainer.getChildAt(i).width < playerColl.x + p1MoveSpeed)
{
playerColl.x = + collContainer.getChildAt(i).x + collContainer.getChildAt(i).width;
LeftColl = true;
}
else if (collContainer.getChildAt(i).x > playerColl.x + playerColl.width - p1MoveSpeed)
{
playerColl.x = + collContainer.getChildAt(i).x - playerColl.width;
RightColl = true;
}
}
}
// RIGHT SQUARE COLLISION DETECTION [End]
}
Transformation function;
function playerMovement(event:Event):void
{
// (apply this for all sides)
// if nothing keeps player from going right;
if (! RightColl)
{
// Apply everything currently pushing the player to right
if (keyIsDown(Keyboard.RIGHT))
{
movement_Right = 15;
}else{
movement_Right = 0;
}
// example fictional wind function returns wind speed
windSpeed = getWindSpeed();
player.x += movement_Right + windSpeed + etc + etc;
// say windSpeed is -5 (Wind is coming from right, so pushing the player to left)
// so if user pressing right arrow key, player will move to right 10px for every frame, else 5px to left, etc.
}
}
In this way, everything about physics will be easy to implement.
For example, when calculating the movement to down, add gravity and jump etc.
I have a procedural generated game using a perlin map. Iv made it where it only loads the tiles of the area your at, and when you leave that area it deletes them and re draws them according to where you walked too. So theoretically it should only load the tiles of the area you are at. But it seems the further into my map you walk the more it begins to lag. Tho im not sure why since it should never be loading a different amount of blocks.
Here is a link to the game as of now.
http://www.fastswf.com/nzpBar0
These are the functions that are adding and deleting the tiles.
//deletes the tiles on the world.
public function deleteTiles()
{
if (tilesInWorld.length > 0)
{
for (var i:int = 0; i < tilesInWorld.length; i++)
{
worldTiles.removeChild(tilesInWorld.pop());
}
generateTile();
}
}
//generates the tiles on the world
public function generateTile()
{
for (var i:int = X/GlobalCode.MAP_SCALE; i < (X + (800/TILE_SIZE)/GlobalCode.MAP_SCALE); i++)
{
for (var j:int = Y/GlobalCode.MAP_SCALE; j < Y + (600/TILE_SIZE)/GlobalCode.MAP_SCALE; j++)
{
hm = heightmap[i][j];
if (hm >= 0.84)
{
tile = new Water();
}
else if (hm >= 0.8 && hm < 0.84)
{
tile = new Shallow();
}
else if (hm >= 0.7 && hm < 0.8)
{
tile = new Sand();
}
else if (hm >= 0.2 && hm < 0.7)
{
tile = new Tile();
}
else
{
tile = new Stone();
}
tile.width = TILE_SIZE;
tile.height = TILE_SIZE;
worldTiles.x = 0;
worldTiles.y = 0;
tile.x = TILE_SIZE * (i % 800);
tile.y = TILE_SIZE * (j % 600);
tilesInWorld.push(tile);
worldTiles.addChild(tile);
}
}
}
This is where the perlin map and the first tile area is created
public function World(parentMC:MovieClip)
{
TILE_SIZE = GlobalCode.TILE_SIZE;
map_width = GlobalCode.MAP_WIDTH;
map_height = GlobalCode.MAP_HEIGHT;
pmap = new BitmapData(map_width,map_height);
grid_width = new uint(map_width / TILE_SIZE);
grid_height = new uint(map_height / TILE_SIZE);
//map_width = GlobalCode.MAP_WIDTH;
//map_height = GlobalCode.MAP_HEIGHT;
pmap.perlinNoise(map_width,map_height, 6, _seed, true, false, 1, true);
for (var i:uint=0; i < grid_width; i++)
{
heightmap[i] = new Array();
for (var j:uint=0; j < grid_height; j++)
{
heightmap[i][j] = new uint();
}
}
//Divide the map in to a 7x7 grid and take data at each interval
for (i = 0; i < grid_width; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < grid_height; j++)
{
pixelPoint.x = Math.round((i/grid_width) * pmap.width)+1;
pixelPoint.y = Math.round((j/grid_width) * pmap.height)+1;
heightmap[i][j] = pmap.getPixel(pixelPoint.x,pixelPoint.y);
heightmap[i][j] /= 0xffffff;
if (heightmap[i][j] < darkest_pixel)
{
darkest_pixel = heightmap[i][j];
}
}
}
//Adjust values to a min of 0
for (i = 0; i < grid_width; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < grid_height; j++)
{
heightmap[i][j] -= darkest_pixel;
if (heightmap[i][j] > brightest_pixel)
{
brightest_pixel = heightmap[i][j];
}
}
}
//Adjust values to highest value of 1
for (i = 0; i < grid_width; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < grid_height; j++)
{
heightmap[i][j] /= brightest_pixel;
}
}
worldTiles = new Sprite();
parentMC.addChild(worldTiles);
generateTile();
}
this is what creats the scroll rect and the X/Y changes when you walk to the edge of a screen.
public function update(e:Event)
{
world.worldTiles.scrollRect = new Rectangle(X,Y,800,600);
if (canMove == true)
{
MovePlayer();
}
player.update();
PlayerOnTile();
}
And for giggles this is what moves my character and the scroll/rect
protected function MovePlayer()
{
if (goin[0] == 1)
{
player.y -= moveSpeed;
if (player.y <= 0 && (Yloc) > 0)
{
world.Y -= int(600/world.TILE_SIZE)/MAP_SCALE;
world.deleteTiles();
Y -= 600 / MAP_SCALE;
Yloc -= 1;
player.y += 600;
}
}
if (goin[1] == 1)
{
player.y += moveSpeed;
if (player.y >= 600 && (Yloc + 1) < MAP_SCALE)
{
world.Y += int(600/world.TILE_SIZE)/MAP_SCALE;
world.deleteTiles();
Y += 600 / MAP_SCALE;
Yloc += 1;
player.y -= 600;
}
//world.worldTiles.y -= moveSpeed;
}
if (goin[2] == 1)
{
player.x -= moveSpeed;
if (player.x <= 0 && (Xloc) > 0 )
{
world.X -= int(800/world.TILE_SIZE)/MAP_SCALE;
world.deleteTiles();
X -= 800 / MAP_SCALE;
Xloc -= 1;
player.x += 800;
}
//world.worldTiles.x += moveSpeed;
}
if (goin[3] == 1)
{
player.x += moveSpeed;
if (player.x >= 800&& (Xloc + 1) < MAP_SCALE)
{
world.X += int(800/world.TILE_SIZE)/MAP_SCALE;
world.deleteTiles();
X += 800 / MAP_SCALE;
Xloc += 1;
player.x -= 800;
}
//world.worldTiles.x -= moveSpeed;
}
}
It's very simple and basic. You are creating new objects constantly and after a while your app can't get enough memory to create new object and also needs to use big chunk of CPU power to clean up. All this produces lag and is a form of memory leak. You need to reuse object instead of creating new ones. This process is called Object Pooling. Once a graphic is not needed, instead of discarding it and creating a new one next time, you keep it and reuse it next time. That way you don't need additional memory and your app doesn't need more and doesn't need to clean up as much (called garbage collection).
public function deleteTiles()
{
if (tilesInWorld.length)
{
for (var i:int = 0; i < tilesInWorld.length; i++)
{
worldTiles.removeChild(tilesInWorld[i]);//no new object creation when deleting
//tilesInWorld.pop() create a new array internally
}
tilesInWorld.length = 0;//empty array
generateTile();//this should be improved too
}
}
if worldTiles holds only titles then worldTiles.removeChildren() will do it as:
worldTiles.removeChildren();
tilesInWorld.length = 0;
generateTile();
I don't remember how Actionscript handles it, but it might be your for loop in the deleteTiles() function. It only continues until i < tilesInWorld.length, and every iteration of the for loop your i increases by one, and your tilesInWorld decreases by one. This means that you'd only be deleting half of the tiles every time you try to remove all the tiles.
Try using a while loop instead, and see if that fixes it. e.g.
public function deleteTiles()
{
if (tilesInWorld.length > 0)
{
while (tilesInWorld.length > 0)
{
worldTiles.removeChild(tilesInWorld.pop());
}
generateTile();
}
}