Joining 3 Subqueries - mysql

I need a little bit of help in creating this query. I'm joining TableA and TableB and getting a value out of it; then joining TableA and TableC and getting a value out if it. Finally I am substracting both values.
I'm not sure how to write this in a single query using a lot of JOIN or if I just do 2 subqueries and then substract them.
So far I have something like:
SELECT SUM(A.quantity) From TableA JOIN Table B WHERE ...
then
SELECT SUM(A.quantity) From TableA JOIN Table C WHERE ...
Given the chance that maybe TableA and TableB have no result, but TableA and TableC does, or viceversa, or maybe both have or maybe both won't, I can't just JOIN TableA and TableB and TableC

You can do this with a cross join:
select coalesce(s1.q1, 0) - coalesce(s2.q2, 0)
from (SELECT SUM(A.quantity) as q1 From TableA JOIN Table B WHERE ...) s1 cross join
(SELECT SUM(A.quantity) as q2 From TableA JOIN Table C WHERE ...) s2;
If one of the result sets returns NULL, the coalesce() treats the value as 0.

Related

MySQL: select elements in one table but not in another table, Im getting wrong results

I have the two following tables named tableA and tableB respectively
tableB contain names of all places.I want to select all Facilities and week from where are facility is in tableA but not in tableB.
Table below shows what im intending to achieve
MySql query below is giving wrong results
select tableA.Week ,tableB.Place
from tableA
RIGHT JOIN tableB
on tableA.Place <> tableB.Place
You need a CROSS join of the distinct Weeks of TableA to TableB and NOT EXISTS to get the result that you want:
SELECT w.Week, b.Place
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Week FROM TableA) w
CROSS JOIN TableB b
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM TableA a WHERE a.Week = w.Week AND a.Place = b.Place)
See the demo.
Results:
Week
Place
1
C
2
B
2
C

How to join 3 tables where each has the key to the next in line

Imagine the following scenario:
There are 3 tables A, B and C.
Table A has no knowledge of either table B and table C.
Table B has a foreign key to table A.
Table C has foreign key to table B.
In table B as well as in table C there can be multiple items sharing the same foreign key value.
As you can see, the items from C are indirectly referenced to A through B.
What I want is to get all entries from A that are referenced in C but without any information from B or C in my result tables and without duplicates.
Is this even possible?
I have tried this like so but have no idea if it is correct:
select tableA.*
from tableA,
(select distinct tableB.AId as Aid
from tableB left join tableC on tableC.BId = tableB.id
group by tableB.id)
as temp
where tableA.id = temp.Aid
I am not sure if I understand it correctly, but you can try this one:
SELECT DISTINCT `A`.`id`, `A`.`value1`, `A`.`value2` FROM `A`
INNER JOIN `B` ON `B`.`id-a` = `A`.`id`
INNER JOIN `C` ON `C`.`id-b` = `B`.`id`
It returns all values from table A if there is a key on Table C which is linked to Table B with corresponding foreign key on table A
An alternative approach to Masoud's good response would be to use an exists though a correlated subquery.
The below subquery joins B to C in a correlated fashion (notice the B.IDA to A.ID and A is outside the subquery).
If we assume good database design, then A will not have duplicate records, thus we can omit a distinct here since we are not joining A to the other tables. Instead we are simply checking for the existence of an "A" record in the B table which must have a record in the C table due to the inner join. This has two advantages for performance
It doesn't have to join all the records together which would then
necessitate a distinct; thus you don't have the performance hit on
the distinct.
It can early escape. once a key value of A is found in the
subquery (B to C join) , it can stop looking and thus don't have to join all of B to all of A.
We select "1" in the subquery as we don't care what we select as the value will not be used anywhere. We're just using the coloration of A to (B JOIN C) to determine what in A to display.
SELECT A.*
FROM A
WHERE EXISTS( SELECT 1
FROM C
INNER JOIN B
on C.IDB = B.ID)
AND B.IDA = A.ID)
Taking what you tried and reviewing it:
select tableA.*
from tableA,
(select distinct tableB.AId as Aid
from tableB left join tableC on tableC.BId = tableB.id
group by tableB.id)
as temp
where tableA.id = temp.Aid
Starting with the "FROM"
You have tableA, (subquery) temp. This is a CROSS JOIN meaning all records from A will be joined to ALL records of (B JOIN C) so if you have 1000 records in A and 1000 records in the temp result then you'd be telling the database engine to generate 1000*1000 records in your result set; which then gets filtered to only include records matching in temp and A. The engine may be smart enough to avoid the cross join and optimize the query, but I find it confusing to maintain. So I would rewrite as
SELECT tableA.*
FROM tableA
INNER JOIN (SELECT distinct tableB.AId as Aid
FROM tableB left join tableC on tableC.BId = tableB.id
GROUP BY tableB.id) as temp
ON tableA.id = temp.Aid
Looking at the subquery (temp)
We don't need a group by as we are not aggregating. The distinct does bring us down to 1 record but at a cost to execution time.
So I would re-write as this:
SELECT tableA.*
FROM tableA
INNER JOIN (SELECT distinct tableB.AId as Aid
FROM tableB
LEFT JOIN tableC
on tableC.BId = tableB.id) as temp
ON tableA.id = temp.Aid
Then looking at the whole, if we change the outer query join to temp and make it an exists... using coloration we don't have the performance hit of the join, nor the distinct. and I'd switch the left join to an inner as we only want records in C and B so we'd have null in B if we left it as a "LEFT JOIN" which serve no purpose for us.
This gets me to the answer I initially provided.
SELECT tableA.*
FROM tableA
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1
FROM tableB
INNER JOIN tableC
on tableC.BId = tableB.id
AND tableB.AID = A.ID) as temp

MySQL - Selecting rows where fields not equal

I have a little problem with an SQL query: I have 'TableA' with a field 'TableA.b' that contains an ID for 'TableB'. I want to select all rows from 'TableB' that don't have an ID that equals any field 'TableA.b'. With other words, I need every row from TableB that's not referred to by any row from TableA in field .
I tried a Query like this :
SELECT DISTINCT TableB.* FROM TableA, TableB Where TableA.b != TableB.ID
But the result contains a row that is also returned by the negation, i.e. where both fields have the same value.
Any ideas?
What you need is LEFT (or RIGHT) JOIN.
SELECT TableB.* FROM TableA
LEFT JOIN TableB on TableA.b = TableB.ID
WHERE TableA.b IS NULL
While it's possible to do the same with a subquery as in some of the otehr answers. A join will often be faster.
A LEFT [OUTER] JOIN can be faster than an equivalent subquery because
the server might be able to optimize it better—a fact that is not
specific to MySQL Server alone. Prior to SQL-92, outer joins did not
exist, so subqueries were the only way to do certain things. Today,
MySQL Server and many other modern database systems offer a wide range
of outer join types.
First, select all ids from TableA:
SELECT DISTINCT b FROM TableA
Then use that result to select all rows in TableB that have an id that does not exist in this set by using the above query as a subquery:
SELECT * FROM TableB WHERE ID NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT b FROM TableA)
Hope this helps.
You can try this
SELECT TableB.* FROM TableB
WHERE ID NOT IN
(SELECT b from TableA);
Use NOT IN in SELECT Query.
SELECT * FROM TableB t1 WHERE t1.ID NOT IN (SELECT t2.b FROM TableA t2);
You can use right join also.
Try this:
SELECT DISTINCT TableB.* FROM tablea RIGHT JOIN TableB ON TableA.b = Tableb.ID WHERE TableA.B IS NULL

Select records from one table where a column value exists in another table

I have 2 MySQL tables A and B.
I would like to select only the records from B where a certain value exists in A.
Example:
A has columns: aID, Name
B has columns: bID, aID, Name
I just want the records from B for which aID exists in A.
Many thanks.
You need to do either INNER JOIN - records that exists in both tables, or use LEFT join, to show records that exists in A and matching IDs exists in B
A good reference:
You need to make a join, and if you don't want to retrieve anything from table b, just return values from table a.
This should work
select b.* from b join a on b.aID=a.aID
Below query will also work and will be effective
SELECT * FROM B
WHERE B.aID IN (SELECT DISTINCT aID FROM A)
You just need a simple inner join between tables A and B. Since they are related on the aID column, you can use that to join them together:
SELECT b.*
FROM tableB b
JOIN tableA a ON a.aID = b.aID;
This will only select rows in which the aID value from tableB exists in tableA. If there is no connection, the rows can't be included in the join.
While I recommend using a join, you can also replace it with a subquery, like this:
SELECT *
FROM tableB
WHERE aID NOT IN (SELECT aID FROM tableA)
You can use join like this.
Select b.col1,b.col2... From tableB b inner join table tableA a on b.field = a.field
Have you tried using a LEFT JOIN?
SELECT b.* FROM tableB b LEFT JOIN tableA a ON b.aID = a.aID

Get row count of tableA depending on existence of a FK in tableB

I want to get row count in tableA if and only if rowA_x does not have a FK pointing to rowB_x in tableB.
tableA:
id | id_tableB
tableB
id | ...
So basically the rows in tableA should only be counted if the column id_tableA does not exist as id in tableB.
Is there a clean way to do such counting. I have around ~500.000 rows.
There are several (not 100% sure about the MySQL syntax, so this might require some tweaking):
Subselect with NOT IN:
select count(*) from tableA where id_tableB not in (select id from tableB);
Subselect with NOT EXISTS:
select * from tableA a
where NOT EXISTS (select null from tableB b where a.id_tableB = b.id);
OUTER JOIN:
select count(*) from (
select a.*, b.id as b_id
from tableA a
left join tableB b on a.id_tableB = b.id)
where b_id IS NULL;
Which of these is the fastest depends on your data, but usually, a JOIN is more efficient than a subquery.
Maybe you could use WHERE NOT EXISTS() structure.
If I understood well your question, your final query will look like:
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM tableA
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT id FROM tableB WHERE tableA.id = tableB.id_tableA)
The most efficient way I can think of doing this is using a sub-query:
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM tableA
WHERE id_tableB NOT IN (
SELECT id
FROM tableB
)
;
Edit: However, upon further consideration, the below query may actually be more efficient as it uses a LEFT OUTER JOIN rather than a sub-query.
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM tableA A
LEFT OUTER JOIN tableB B
ON A.id_tableB= B.id
WHERE B.id IS NULL
;