How do you float an image in html? - html

Simple question: How do you float an image without having it stick to the far left, or far right?
Whenever I use float:left - it just sticks completely on the left side.
I tried using margin, but that just makes the object bigger and messes up the layout for other objects.
Thanks!

Put a set width on the containing box so the size wont change, then float the image left with margin?

Add margin-left: 20px; to .youtube. Set it to whatever value you like:
.youtube {
margin-left: 20px; /* set to whatever value you choose */
float: left;
height: 360px;
width: 640px;
clear:both;
}
Side note, a lot of your HTML was broken. For example, missing </header> closing tag, your <img /> tag wasn't closed properly, and you were also missing </div> closing tags.
In addition, as for W3C standards, you shouldn't have a div within a li tag (I didn't fix this). Use a <span> instead and set it to display:block if you need it to perform like a div.
http://jsfiddle.net/vw52e/3/

Related

How can I get things properly contained in a wrapper div?

At cjshayward.com/index_new.html, there is a wrapper div around the body's content, about 1000 pixels wide, and it works as intended for the top 100 or so pixels in Chrome and Firefox. Next down the page is a jQuery UI set of tabs, containing a fixed-width accordion and something close to jQuery.load()ed plain old, simple HTML.
However, on the "Browse the Library" tab (but not "About the Author"), which is presently open and which contains the fixed-width accordion, below 100 or 150px down, the area under the tabs appears to have the same width as the window; it has the correct left margin, and horizontally scrolls an apparently equal distance to the right. Furthermore, the body background tile does not display; the whole width is white, as was specified for the wrapper div's interior.
How can I get the "Browse the Library" tab to display as intended (like the "About the Author" tab does)?
Thanks,
You're absolutely positioning way too much and that's ruining the flow of things. I'll go through a list of edits you can do to make this work.
/*
#accordion and #details will be floated, so we'll need to
clear #tabs. Add this property.
*/
#tabs {
overflow: hidden;
}
/*
Remove the absolute positioning from #accordion, along
with the top and left properties and do this instead.
*/
#accordion {
float: left;
width: 400px; /* This already exists */
margin: 0 10px 0 0;
}
/*
Remove the absolute positioning from #details, along
with the top and left properties and do this instead.
*/
#details {
float: left;
width: 580px;
}
This will get you a lot closer. You should also try to avoid using height on these elements. Let the content dictate the height.
Here is what i ended up with making those edits: http://i.imgur.com/niizuoR.png
Okay lets make a step by step solution (watch for the edits).
Background
Your background is set in the body. So the body needs to be extended to fill the whole page.
I would recommend this way but there are others.
body,html{
height:100%;
}
Normally the body would fit its contents but with position:absolute this mechanism doesnt work anymore.
Also remove background: #fff css (normalize.css) from the html.
html {
background: #fff;
color: #000;
font-size: 100%;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}
Also your background scrolls with your content. Set background-atachment: fixed to change this.
Wrapper
Same counts dor your wrapper which holds the white background.
Set its height to 100% too.
div#main {
height: 100%;
}
The reason why your content is bigger than your wrapper is that
<div id="details" style="width: 713px; height: 0px;">
this div holding the content has a fixed size set. Removing that size make it fit the wrapper.
The width seems to be set per javascript in the load event, so I cant help you with that. Provide your .js code and may i can help you with that too.
As stated in the comments, your layout issues are based in your use of absolute positioning rather than flow layout:
I went through your site and quickly switch everything so it was positioned statically (width floats, not absolute values) and this cleared up the issue. There were some other issues as well. You probably need to look over how you are setting up your HTML from the top level on.
I would start out again and concentrate on using floats for your layout, rather than absolute positioning.
For a basic example on doing so, here is a super simply page: http://cdpn.io/kmCFy

how to set button background such that it takes up height and width of parent div? what css property affects which dimension?

please check out the codes first:
html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>hello</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
<div id="menu">
HOME
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
css:
#container
{
width: 80%;
margin: auto;
height: 450px;
}
#menu
{
background-color: #1b9359;
height: 25%;
}
.button
{
text-decoration: none;
float: left;
font: bold 1.2em sans-serif;
line-height: 115px;
margin-left: 20px;
display: block;
text-align: center;
}
.button:hover
{
background-color: #2cd282;
}
so what i would like to acheive is that when i hover to the home button, the whole div changes color, and does not get distorted or mispositioned on zoom. one answer told me that i could use display: block, but that it does not work as you can see. however, i did manage to make it work with display: block when the menu pane is like a vertical column and not a horizontal one. could anyone pls explain why this happens, and how display property of css affects that element? and how to achieve the full highlight without zoom distortion?
If you use percentages as your height and/or width then it will be a percentage of the parent container.
If you want your page to behave well when using a zoom, ie. ctrl + mouse wheel up or down, size everything in your page using em. 1 em = 16px by default. Just get used to using em. Get a calculator out and start converting things. Trust me, it's worth it to have a page that zooms straight in in out without jumbling.
Your outermost container may use percentages as long as you're using an auto margin for the central contents this is an exception to using em, that way things will still be centered on all resolutions. When I say outermost container, I mean body...
Before I tell you how to make it work I'll answer the other questions:
"...I did manage to make it work with display: block when the menu
pane is like a vertical column and not a horizontal one. Could anyone
pls explain why this happens, and how display property of css affects
that element?"
Block elements stack on top of each other vertically. This means that in a vertical arrangement if the zoom level is changed, those elements are perfectly at home taking that extra space up to the right side. Now, if they are intended to be lined up horizontally, display block will not work because that is simply just not what it does. Display inline-block will stack them horizontally preserving heights and widths set for the container, and to my own dismay, adding tiny margins between elements unlike the use of float, which would be touching the previous element, but float is definitely not something I would recommend for a nav menu.
Let's say you have your first link, and it is display:block. It will start its own new horizontal line, assuming there is not a float:(side) item before it with extra space to fill. In that case, you would add clear:both(or :left/:right) to overcome this. Now let's say you want to add a second link to the right of the first one which is display:block. The second one could be display:inline-block, and it would be on the same level as the first one, but if you did this the other way around, the second one, which is display:block, would start on its own new line below.
Now, to make your button do what you want it to do:
I will assume for the purpose of giving you a good answer that screen width in pixels is 1280px. So 80% of that is 64em. That is (1280px * .80)/16px = 64em because 1em = 16px. As I mentioned before, we do this to make your site elastic when it zooms.
You've previously designated #container as height:450px; So let's convert that. 450px/16px = 28.125em (em values can go to three decimal places, but no more) This is good, so we have an exact conversion, and not a rounded value.
container is now finished and should be as such:
#container
{
width: 64em;
margin: auto;
height: 28.125em;
}
Next change height in #menu. You have it as height:25%. That is 25% of 450px/or/28.125em If we leave it at 25% it will mess up the zooming. So let's convert. 28.125em/4 = 7.03125em
This time we must round to 3 decimal places. So we get 7.031em.
menu is now finished and should be as such:
#menu
{
background-color: #1b9359;
height: 7.031em;
}
Next is your button class.
.button
{
text-decoration: none;
float: left;
font: bold 1.2em sans-serif;
line-height: 115px;
margin-left: 20px;
display: block;
text-align: center;
}
At this point I lose some of my own certainty about how CSS will react, but I will start with this. Do not use float:left and Display:anything together. In this case, use display:inline-block. Get rid of the float:left. I am not sure why you have a line-height set. I am guessing it is your way of attempting to set a height for your button because it is 2.5px larger than the height of #menu (line-height of .button = 115px, height of #menu = 112.5px which we have already converted to 7.031em). If that's what you're trying to do you're doing it wrong. get rid of line height, and make it the same height as its container so that it fills it. height:7.031em;
I'll assume if you're making a horizontal menu, that you aren't trying to make one button take up the entire width. If you do not give it a width, it will fill the whole row. I'll be bold and guess you probably want your button somewhere in the ballpark of twice as wide as it is high. Let's just go with 15em(240px). width:15em;
Last is margin-left... 20/16 = 1.25em. Cake.
Now we have:
.button
{
text-decoration: none;
font: bold 1.2em sans-serif;
height: 7.031em;
width:15em;
margin-left: 1.25em;
display: inline-block;
text-align: center;
}
Keep in mind that block elements, whether inline or not, have little built-in margins on top of the margin-left that you've added.
If you make these changes, your page should zoom beautifully and your link will fill out its container vertically, but be a specified width to keep it clean. Never use px or percentages if you want to avoid zoom slop. The body container is 100% by default, but it holds everything and therefore the things in the center seem to grow outward toward the edges and therefore do not show any visible effect from the body not being set based on em, and it also makes the page naturally friendly with a variety of screen resolutions.
I hope this helps.
Edit:
As I mentioned, I lost some of my certainty. The line:
font: bold 1.2em sans-serif;
Does something that makes the container be larger than 7.031em removing that line fixes the problem, but I do not know the remedy if you insist on a font size of 1.2em. I tried setting height to 6.831em instead of 7.031em and it did not do the trick.
A few more tips:
1) If you still feel that you need a margin, perhaps margin-right would better suit you so you don't have random slack space to the left.
2) The CSS I provided does not adjust for the vertical alignment of your link text; to fix it add line-height:7.031em; to the .button class. Note: this method only words with single lines of text!!!

What is the best way to create space in an HTML/CSS document?

I have a div in which there are rows of 3 images each. The images are all the same size. I had been using small completely clear transparent image which I would then explicitly give height and width to form spaces between the images. An example would be something like :
div begin
space image width=15, height=1 actual image (no explicit dimensions)
space image width=10, height=1 actual image (no explicit dimensions)
space image width=10, height=1 actual image (no explicit dimensions)
space image width=900, height=20 (this is to separate rows, which should be 900 wide, space + 3 x image)
space image width=15, height=1 actual image (no explicit dimensions)
space image width=10, height=1 actual image (no explicit dimensions)
space image width=10, height=1 actual image (no explicit dimensions)
div end
These rows may or may not be generated via code and there are sometimes hrefs. I realize that I could perhaps use margins/padding on the image/or anchor element to create space. But this would require setting a class on each image. That does not seem like a good way to go about this. For a few reasons : the space would be inside the anchor tags, making it linkable. I would not be opposed to using divs and using specific classes on those. I have tried this however, and they do not seem to work as I would expect. They create line breaks, so now the images appear in a column, and they don't seem to take up any actual space anyway.
How about 2 divs, one for each row. Then set the margins on those.
<div class="row"> Your images or anchor tags</div>
<div class="row"> Your images or anchor tags</div>
Then
.row{
margin-top:10px;
}
or however much space you want between rows of images.
You may use divs for the images in order to position them on the screen better. Especially wanting to avoid adding a margin to an anchor tag.
div.img{
display:inline;
}
.firstcol{
margin-left:15px;
}
.col{
margin-left:10px;
}
and
<div class="img firstcol">The first image of teh row</div>
<div class="img col">The second image of teh row</div>
etc.
Using spacer images is rather clumsy and hardly ever needed. The simplest approach is probably to wrap all images inside a elements, using just <a><img ...></a> for those that aren’t meant to be links. Then you can set margin on the a element, without making the margin clickable.
You can also format the image gallery in rows of three images without making such division part of the HTML code. Example:
.gallery img { border: 0; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.gallery a:nth-child(3n+1) { margin-left: 15px; }
.gallery a:nth-child(3n+2) { margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; }
.gallery a:nth-child(3n+3):after { content: "\A"; white-space: pre; }
This effectively makes the layout table-like, without hard-coding the division into columns in HTML. The last rule is a bit tricky (but valid) way of causing a line break after every 3rd element.
jsfiddle
P.S. This creates a 20px margin below the last row of images, too. If this is an issue, you can nullify it by setting .gallery { margin-bottom: -20px }.
This is what I have gotten to work :
.row {
margin-left:20px;
}
.space {
margin-left:12px;
display: inline;
}
.row-space {
margin-bottom:20px;
}
div class=row
a href=x img
div class=space /div
a href=x img
div class=space /div
/div
div class=row-space /div
I needed the display-inline to avoid a line break. I had read and have used float: left, in the past, but this has some other side effects which are not good for this purpose.

css margin left and right issues

i want to get the bit at the top of some websites that really thin and right at the top. which looks like facebooks blue banner at the top of their website.
the code i have tried for the above is:
<div style="height:20px; background-color:grey; margin-top:-10px; "></div>
and it works apart from theres just a little bit of white space at the right and left sides of the grey.
Does anyone know what i am doing wrong?
It sounds like you haven't cleared the padding/margin on the body element. Give this a go:
html, body
{
padding: 0px;
margin: 0px;
width: 100%;
}
Also, give your div a width of 100%:
div
{
width: 100%;
}
I've probably gone a bit overboard with the CSS, but it will make sure everything works.
Additionally, make sure there is an HTML doctype defined - this can cause some other problems later one, such as :hover not working.
You need to use margin:0 on the html and body tags. This will allow your div to take up all the available horizontal space, and put it right at the top instead of having a small space.

Strange div margin issue

I'm trying to add a content rotator to a site I'm building. The rotator works fine. In fact, it works out better than I had hoped. I need to tweak some styling things, but that's besides the point.
For some reason, the rotator (which is relatively positioned and inside my container/wrapper div) pulls my wrapper and menu down with it when I add a margin to the top of it (margin:65px auto 0; or something like that). Any words of advice?
Page here:
http://technoheads.org/test/ice/index.htm
This sounds like a classic case of collapsing margins.
You can fix this by giving the container a border-top, margin-top, padding-top, or an overflow other than visible. (jsFiddle)
you can probably accomplish what you want by giving #wrapper top padding instead giving #slideshow top margin.
I run into this problem a lot when I put elements inside of inline elements. You should be able to fix it by doing one of the following:
Set the element you're having trouble with to display: block; (Usually a good enough fix)
Use top-padding like already suggested (nothing wrong with using band-aids if it works...)
Set the element to float: left; (Not really recommended, can cause some problems down the line, but will definitely allow you to add top and bottom margins)
How about this?
#menu {
position: relative;
width: auto;
height: 100px;
left: 383px;
top: 0px;
}