In mysql, I have the following:
Structure Table:
id(int primary key)
name(varchar 100 unique)
Values:
id name
1 test
2 test1
I have two queries:
1) SELECT count(*) FROM Table WHERE name='test'
2) if count select rows == 0 second query INSERT INTO Table (name) VALUES ('test')
I know that may be use:
$res = mysql(SELECT count(*) as count FROM Table WHERE name='test');
// where mysql function make query in db
$i = $res -> fetch_assoc();
if($i['count'] < 1 ){$res = mysql(INSERT INTO Table (name) VALUES ('test');}
But I would like know how to make two query in one query.
How do I make one query inside of two?
You can do it with a simple trick, like this:
insert into Table1(name)
select 'test' from dual
where not exists(select 1 from Table1 where name='test');
This will even work if you do not have a primary key on this column.
Explanation: DUAL is a special dummy table that is only referenced here to enable the WHERE clause. You would not be able to have a statement without a FROM clause (like select 'test' where not exists(select 1 from Table1 where name='test')) as it will be incomplete.
Assuming your name column has a UNIQUE constraint, just add IGNORE to the INSERT statement.
INSERT IGNORE INTO Table (name) VALUES ('test')
This will skip the insertion if a record already exists for a particular value and return 0 affected rows. Note that a primary key is also considered a UNIQUE constraint.
If the name column doesn't have such a constraint, I would advice that you add one:
ALTER TABLE `Table` ADD UNIQUE(name)
See also the documentation for INSERT
If you don't need to check whether there is duplication, other's suggestion is good for you. But you need, use 'INSERT' and check error number like this:
mysql_query('INSERT INTO ...');
if (mysql_errno() == 1062)
{
echo "duplicated";
}
else
{
echo "inserted";
}
(I know mysql_XXXX() is deprecated.. just example)
Related
Is there a possibility to check if record exists using mysql?
rowName | number
----------------
dog | 1
cat | 2
For example:
If i have a variable $var = 'dog', which already exists in my database, i want the system to add +1 number to the dog row.
On the other hand, when i have, for example, variable $var='fish', which does not exist in my database, i want the system to insert new row 'fish' with number 1.
I am wondering if there is one query alternative to two different queries using php conditions. I assume it would be faster running only one mysql query.
Please see this INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE. For example
INSERT INTO table (rowName, `number`) VALUES ('$var', 1)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `number` = `number` + 1;
Try this:
// you can check record exists or not
SELECT EXISTS(SELECT rowName FROM table WHERE rowName="$var");
// you can make one query also
INSERT INTO table(`rowName`, `number`) VALUES ("$var", 1)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `number` = `number`+ 1;
I have a simple table like this
CREATE TABLE authid(
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
authid VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);
Now if I insert a value with
INSERT INTO authid(authid) VALUES('test');
It will work fine and return the inserted id the first time, but if I do it again when the authid already exists (notice that we have authid marked as UNIQUE) it will return an error.
Is there a way achieve this this in one SQL statement: Insert it, get the id and if it already exists, still get the id.
Take a look at this: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/insert-on-duplicate.html
If you're using MySQL 5.0 or higher you can use the "INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE" syntax. You may be able to combine that with LAST_INSERT_ID() (I'm not positive about that)
So:
insert into authid (authid) values ('test') on duplicate key update id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id), authid='test';
select LAST_INSERT_ID();
Well indeed if you try to insert 2 times the same value in a UNIQUE field, it won't work, that's the point of UNIQUE fields.
If I understand well, you want to know if it's possible whether to use an INSERT or an UPDATE statement depending on the existance of an item or not ? Then you need 2 queries, 1 to test existence, the other to insert new value or update existing one
Insert the value conditionally (i.e. if it doesn't exist). Whether the insert takes place or not, by the end of the statement the result will be the same: the value will be in the table. So, just select the ID of the row that matches that value. Or, speaking in SQL, like this:
INSERT INTO authid (authid)
SELECT 'test'
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM authid
WHERE authid = 'test'
);
SELECT id
FROM authid
WHERE authid = 'test'
;
I have a table that looks like this:
Number | Name
--------+--------
123 | Robert
This is what I want to do:
If the Number is already in the database, don't insert a new record.
If the Number is not in the databse, but the name is, create a new name and insert it. So for example, if I have a record that contains 123 for Number and Bob for Name, I don't want to insert it, but if I get a record that contains 456 for Number and Robert for name, I would insert 456 and Robert1. I was going to check for duplicates individually like:
SELECT * FROM Person where Number = 123;
//If number is not found
SELECT * FROM Person where Name = 'Robert';
//If name is found, add a number to it.
Is there a way I can combine the two statements?
There are actually two problems in your question. The first problem is to make Number column unique and the second one is to increment the column Name by appending a number if it already exists.
FIRST PART
Since the number is UNIQUE, enforce a UNIQUE constraint on the column. It could be a PRIMARY KEY or a UNIQUE KEY.
If the column has no KEY and you want to make it PRIMARY, here is the ALTER statement:
ALTER TABLE TableName ADD CONSTRAINT tb_pk PRIMARY KEY (Number)
SQLFiddle Demo
but if you only want it to be UNIQUE and not a primary key,
ALTER TABLE TableName ADD CONSTRAINT tb_uq UNIQUE (Number)
SQLFiddle Demo
SECOND PART
You can actually do it without using join.
INSERT INTO TableName(Number, Name)
SELECT 124 AS Number,
CONCAT('Robert', COALESCE(MAX(CAST(REPLACE(Name, 'Robert', '0') AS UNSIGNED)) + 1,'')) AS Name
FROM TableName
WHERE Name LIKE 'Robert%'
SQLFiddle Demo
SQLFiddle Demo (added more example)
SQLFiddle Demo (throws exception due to uniqueness)
Some details:
when the value supplied on column Number already exists, it will throw an error since the column is unique. I have read a comment from a deleted posts saying: "..Number is not unique, but if it does exist, I don't want to enter a record." -- it does not make any sense if you don't want to add uniqueness on the column. How will you know if the number already exists or not? Doing a little check for the existence of Number feels like a little overhead for me. So my best recommendation is to enforce uniqueness.
SELECT * FROM Person WHERE Number = 123 OR Name = 'Robert'
I haven't worked with SQL for some time, so this may be wrong ;)
Edit:
$number = 123;
$name = 'Robert';
$query = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM Person WHERE Number = $number OR Name = '$name' ");
if (mysql_num_rows($query) == 0 ) {
//-> Add your record, it's unused
} else if (mysql_result($query, 0, 'number') == $number && mysql_result($query, 0, 'name' == $name)) {
//combination of number and name already exists -> modify name and add record
} else {
echo "Number is used by another name";
}
Use this query, for insert the row [123, 'Robert']. if you want insert other values, change 123 & Robert values in below query:
insert into Person (Number,Name)
select 123, IF(mn.MaxNumber is NULL,'Robert',concat('Robert',mn.MaxNumber+1))
from (SELECT 'foo') foo
left JOIN (select max(CONVERT(SUBSTR(Name,LENGTH('Robert')+1),UNSIGNED)) `MaxNumber`
from person where name rlike '^Robert[0-9]*$') mn on 1=1
where Not Exists (select * from Person where Number=123)
NOTE: if Robert exists in the table, above query inserts Robert1. if Robert1 exists, it inserts Robert2, and so on .
make both number and name unique.
ALTER TABLE `person` ADD UNIQUE (`number` ,`name`);
You can now do a insert with ON DUPLICATE
INSERT INTO `person` (`number`, `name`, `id`) VALUES ('322', 'robert', 'NULL') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `id`='NULL';
For appending a number after name i would suggest using autoincrement column instead.
insert into Person (Number,Name)
select 123, IF(mn.MaxNumber is NULL,'Robert',concat('Robert',mn.MaxNumber+1))
from (SELECT 'foo') foo
left JOIN (select max(CONVERT(SUBSTR(Name,LENGTH('Robert')+1),UNSIGNED)) `MaxNumber`
from person where name rlike '^Robert[0-9]*$') mn on true
where Not Exists (select * from Person where Number=123)
Is there a way to use a MySQL INSERT similar to the following:
INSERT INTO doc_details SELECT * FROM doc_details WHERE dd_id = 1
This doesn't work because the primary key is being repeated and it can get very long-winded expanding the columns out.
The purpose of this is to duplicate rows in the same table which will get modified later, retrieving the last_insert_id for the new record. So ideas for other ways to do this would be appreciated too.
Thanks.
Simply name the columns you want to duplicate and omit the primary key:
INSERT INTO doc_details (col1, col2, col3)
SELECT col1, col2, col3
FROM doc_details
WHERE dd_id = 1
I'd suggest you to make ID field with AUTO_INCREMENT option, then use NULL values when inserting -
INSERT INTO doc_details(id, column1, column2)
SELECT NULL, column1, column2 FROM doc_details WHERE dd_id = 1;
In this case old ID will be changed with new ones.
You can depend on temporary table to copy from old record and omitting the key field value.
You have to use at least one named column, i.e. the key field name, to omit its repeating values.
See the following example:
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp SELECT * from doc_details WHERE dd_id = ?;
ALTER TABLE tmp drop pk_field_name_here; -- drop the key field for not repeating
INSERT INTO doc_details SELECT 0, tmp.* FROM tmp;
DROP TABLE tmp;
You can observe that no other filed names are used but the key field name to omit it's value.
You can also refer to my answer to a similar posting at: Mysql: Copy row but with new id.
Thanks for the answers. Really appreciated. Because most answers specify the column, this led to some extra research that said 'wildcards cannot be used in INSERT statements. Select, Modify and insert into the same table
I managed to solve this in my application with a separate SELECT then the INSERT with the columns expanded with a Perl map function:
SELECT * FROM doc_details WHERE dd_id = 1
Then in Perl, with the row as a hash reference in $data:
$data->{'dd_id'} = 0;$columns = join(',', map {$_ .'='. $dbh->quote( $data->{$_} ) } keys %{$cdh} );
Does the trick nicely - it copies the row regardless of changes to the column structure/order as long as the auto_increment column is maintained.
I know it's not a pure SQL solution - although Ravinder provided one that was.
Thanks to all!
I want to copy all of the columns of a row, but not have to specify every column. I am aware of the syntax at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/insert-select.html but I see no way to ignore a column.
For my example, I am trying to copy all the columns of a row to a new row, except for the primary key.
Is there a way to do that without having to write the query with every field in it?
If your id or primary key column is an auto_increment you can use a temp table:
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temp_table
AS
SELECT * FROM source_table WHERE id='7';
UPDATE temp_table SET id='100' WHERE id='7';
INSERT INTO source_table SELECT * FROM temp_table;
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE temp_table;
so in this way you can copy all data in row id='7' and then assign
new value '100' (or whatever value falls above the range of your current auto_increment value in source_table).
Edit: Mind the ; after the statments :)
You'll need to list out the columns that you want to select if you aren't selecting them all. Copy/Paste is your friend.
This is a PHP script that I wrote to do this, it will assume that your first col is your auto increment.
$sql = "SELECT * FROM table_name LIMIT 1";
$res = mysql_query($sql) or die(mysql_error());
for ($i = 1; $i < mysql_num_fields($res); $i++) {
$col_names .= mysql_field_name($res, $i).", ";
}
$col_names = substr($col_names, 0, -2);
$sql = "INSERT INTO table_name (".$col_names.") SELECT ".$col_names." FROM table_name WHERE condition ";
$res = mysql_query($sql) or die(mysql_error());
If you don't specify the columns you have to keep the entries in order. For example:
INSERT INTO `users` (`ID`, `Email`, `UserName`) VALUES
(1, 'so#so.com', 'StackOverflow')
Would work but
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES
('so#so.com', 'StackOverflow')
would place the Email at the ID column so it's no good.
Try writing the columns once like:
INSERT INTO `users` (`Email`, `UserName`) VALUES
('so#so.com', 'StackOverflow'),
('so2#so.com', 'StackOverflow2'),
('so3#so.com', 'StackOverflow3'),
etc...
I think there's a limit to how many rows you can insert with that method though.
No, this isn't possible.
But it's easy to get the column list and just delete which one you don't want copied this process can also be done through code etc.
Copy the table to a new one, then delete the column you don't want. Simple.
I'm assuming that since you want to omit the primary key that it is an auto_increment column and you want MySQL to autogenerate the next value in the sequence.
Given that, assuming that you do not need to do bulk inserts via the insert into ... select from method, the following will work for single/multi record inserts:
insert into mytable (null, 'a', 'b', 'c');
Where the first column is your auto_incremented primary key and the others are your other columns on the table. When MySQL sees a null (or 0) for an auto_incremented column it will automatically replace the null with the next valid value (see this link for more information). This functionality can be disabled by disabling the NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO sql mode described in that link.
Let me know if you have any questions.
-Dipin