Complex MySQL Select Left Join Optimization Indexing - mysql

Question

I have a very complex query that is running and finding locations of members joining the subscription details and sorting by distance.
Can someone provide instruction on the correct indexes and cardinality I should add to make this load faster.
Right now on 1 million records it takes 75 seconds and I know it can be improved.
Thank you.
SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (((acos(sin((33.987541*pi()/180)) * sin((users_data.lat*pi()/180))+cos((33.987541*pi()/180)) * cos((users_data.lat*pi()/180)) * cos(((-118.472153- users_data.lon)* pi()/180))))*180/pi())*60*1.1515) as distance,subscription_types.location_limit as location_limit,users_data.user_id,users_data.last_name,users_data.filename,users_data.user_id,users_data.phone_number,users_data.city,users_data.state_code,users_data.zip_code,users_data.country_code,users_data.quote,users_data.subscription_id,users_data.company,users_data.position,users_data.profession_id,users_data.experience,users_data.account_type,users_data.verified,users_data.nationwide,IF(listing_type = 'Company', company, last_name) as name
FROM `users_data`
LEFT JOIN `users_reviews` ON users_data.user_id=users_reviews.user_id AND users_reviews.review_status='2'
LEFT JOIN users_locations ON users_locations.user_id=users_data.user_id
LEFT JOIN subscription_types ON users_data.subscription_id=subscription_types.subscription_id
WHERE users_data.active='2'
AND subscription_types.searchable='1'
AND users_data.state_code='CA'
AND users_data.country_code='US'
GROUP BY users_data.user_id
HAVING distance <= '50'
OR location_limit='all'
OR users_data.nationwide='1'
ORDER BY subscription_types.search_priority ASC, distance ASC
LIMIT 0,10
EXPLAIN
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE users_reviews system user_id,review_status NULL NULL NULL 0 const row not found
1 SIMPLE users_locations system user_id NULL NULL NULL 0 const row not found
1 SIMPLE users_data ref subscription_id,active,state_code,country_code state_code 47 const 88241 Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
1 SIMPLE subscription_types ALL PRIMARY,searchable NULL NULL NULL 4 Using where; Using join buffer

Answer 1

You query is not that complex. You have only one join, on a table subscription_types which is certainly a little table with no more than a few hundred rows.
Where are your indexes ? The best way to improve your query is to create indexes on the field you are filtering, like active, country_code, state_code and searchable
Have you create the foreign key on users_data.subscription_id ? You need an index on that too.
ForceIndex is useless, let the RDBMS determine the best indexes to chose.
Left Join is useless too, because the line subscription_types.searchable='1' will remove the unmatch correspondance
The order on search_priority implies that you need indexes on this columns too
The filtering in the HAVING can make the indexes not used. You don't need to put these filters in the HAVING. If I understand your table schema, this is not really the aggregate that is filtered.
Your table contains 1 million rows, but how much rows are returned, without the limit? With the right indexes, the query should execute under a second.
SELECT ...
FROM `users_data`
INNER JOIN subscription_types
ON users_data.subscription_id = subscription_types.subscription_id
WHERE users_data.active='2'
AND users_data.country_code='US'
AND users_data.state_code='NY'
AND subscription_types.searchable='1'
AND (distance <= '50' OR location_limit='all' OR users_data.nationwide='1')
GROUP BY users_data.user_id
ORDER BY subscription_types.search_priority ASC, distance ASC
LIMIT 0,10