This question already has answers here:
Center a position:fixed element
(23 answers)
Closed 9 years ago.
I have an CSS issue specific to Google Chrome. I've done some research but nobody knows how to fix it without Javascript, which I do not want to use because my element will change in the future.
The code is below, if you use it you will see the that the child div goes to the right hand side of the page and if I add the same top an position values to the parents it moves in the opposite direction.
The website will have a lot more content, and I want a centered header where the sidebar and the floated content will disappear behind as you scroll through the page.
<body>
<!--this should not need any css coding till later on after the site is complete-->
<center>
<div class="header_p1">
<img class="header_p1_child" src="header.png"/>
</div>
</center>
and the css is
.header_p1
{
background: white;
width: 750px;
height: 110px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.header_p1_child
{
float: none;
background: white;
width: 750px;
height: 110px;
position: fixed;
top: 0px;
}
You want a centered header fixed to the top of the page such that for longer pages, the content will scroll vertically beneath the header.
Here is the prototype HTML snippet:
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="header">
<img class="banner" src="http://placehold.it/200x100" />
</div>
<div class="content">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor ...</p>
</div>
</div>
I created a div.wrapper block to define a context for the layout, which has some padding equal to the expected height of the header.
The div.header block contains an image (200x100 px), and div.content holds various text paragraphs.
The layout and styling is defined in the following CSS:
.wrapper {
outline: 2px dotted blue; /** optional **/
/** Top padding so that initially, the content is below the header **/
padding-top: 100px;
}
.header {
height: 100px;
width: 400px; /** Use 100% to fill the width of the page **/
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
margin: 0 auto;
background-color: rgba(0,0,255,0.2);
}
img.banner {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto;
}
The .header style declares a height and width, and uses position: fixed to pin the position of the element to the view port. For positioning, top: 0 places the header to the top of the page.
To center the element, set left: 0 and right: 0 and use margin: 0 auto.
Within div.header, you can declare the image to be a block type element and then center it by using margin: 0 auto.
I checked this both in Firefox and Chrome and it works as expected. This relies on CSS 2.1 so it should work in quite a few older browsers, perhaps IE7, but I did not test it, but perhaps someone can do so and comment accordingly.
Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/audetwebdesign/q2WRv/
Source: http://css-tricks.com/quick-css-trick-how-to-center-an-object-exactly-in-the-center/
DO NOT USE <center> tag, this is outdated and should be done with CSS
<body>
<div class="header_p1"><img src="header.png"/></div></center>
CSS
.header_p1
{
background: white;
width: 750px;
height: 110px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 50%; /* Start at 50% of browser window */
margin-left: -325px; /* Go half of width to the left, centering the element */
}
Orignally taken from here In order to get the image exactly centered, it's a simple matter of applying a negative top margin of half the images height, and a negative left margin of half the images width. For this example, like so:
.centered {
position: fixed;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
margin-top: -50px;
margin-left: -100px;
}
Related
I need assistance with overlaying one individual div over another individual div.
My code looks like this:
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="info_icon2.png" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
Unfortunately I cannot nest the div#infoi or the img, inside the first div.navi.
It has to be two separate divs as shown, but I need to know how I could place the div#infoi over the div.navi and to the right most side and centered on top of the div.navi.
#container {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
position: relative;
}
#navi,
#infoi {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
#infoi {
z-index: 10;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="navi">a</div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="https://appharbor.com/assets/images/stackoverflow-logo.png" height="20" width="32" />b
</div>
</div>
I would suggest learning about position: relative and child elements with position: absolute.
The accepted solution works great, but IMO lacks an explanation as to why it works. The example below is boiled down to the basics and separates the important CSS from the non-relevant styling CSS. As a bonus, I've also included a detailed explanation of how CSS positioning works.
TLDR; if you only want the code, scroll down to The Result.
The Problem
There are two separate, sibling, elements and the goal is to position the second element (with an id of infoi), so it appears within the previous element (the one with a class of navi). The HTML structure cannot be changed.
Proposed Solution
To achieve the desired result we're going to move, or position, the second element, which we'll call #infoi so it appears within the first element, which we'll call .navi. Specifically, we want #infoi to be positioned in the top-right corner of .navi.
CSS Position Required Knowledge
CSS has several properties for positioning elements. By default, all elements are position: static. This means the element will be positioned according to its order in the HTML structure, with few exceptions.
The other position values are relative, absolute, sticky, and fixed. By setting an element's position to one of these other values it's now possible to use a combination of the following four properties to position the element:
top
right
bottom
left
In other words, by setting position: absolute, we can add top: 100px to position the element 100 pixels from the top of the page. Conversely, if we set bottom: 100px the element would be positioned 100 pixels from the bottom of the page.
Here's where many CSS newcomers get lost - position: absolute has a frame of reference. In the example above, the frame of reference is the body element. position: absolute with top: 100px means the element is positioned 100 pixels from the top of the body element.
The position frame of reference, or position context, can be altered by setting the position of a parent element to any value other than position: static. That is, we can create a new position context by giving a parent element:
position: relative;
position: absolute;
position: sticky;
position: fixed;
For example, if a <div class="parent"> element is given position: relative, any child elements use the <div class="parent"> as their position context. If a child element were given position: absolute and top: 100px, the element would be positioned 100 pixels from the top of the <div class="parent"> element, because the <div class="parent"> is now the position context.
The other factor to be aware of is stack order - or how elements are stacked in the z-direction. The must-know here is the stack order of elements are, by default, defined by the reverse of their order in the HTML structure. Consider the following example:
<body>
<div>Bottom</div>
<div>Top</div>
</body>
In this example, if the two <div> elements were positioned in the same place on the page, the <div>Top</div> element would cover the <div>Bottom</div> element. Since <div>Top</div> comes after <div>Bottom</div> in the HTML structure it has a higher stacking order.
div {
position: absolute;
width: 50%;
height: 50%;
}
#bottom {
top: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: blue;
}
#top {
top: 25%;
left: 25%;
background-color: red;
}
<div id="bottom">Bottom</div>
<div id="top">Top</div>
The stacking order can be changed with CSS using the z-index or order properties.
We can ignore the stacking order in this issue as the natural HTML structure of the elements means the element we want to appear on top comes after the other element.
So, back to the problem at hand - we'll use position context to solve this issue.
The Solution
As stated above, our goal is to position the #infoi element so it appears within the .navi element. To do this, we'll wrap the .navi and #infoi elements in a new element <div class="wrapper"> so we can create a new position context.
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi"></div>
</div>
Then create a new position context by giving .wrapper a position: relative.
.wrapper {
position: relative;
}
With this new position context, we can position #infoi within .wrapper. First, give #infoi a position: absolute, allowing us to position #infoi absolutely in .wrapper.
Then add top: 0 and right: 0 to position the #infoi element in the top-right corner. Remember, because the #infoi element is using .wrapper as its position context, it will be in the top-right of the .wrapper element.
#infoi {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
}
Because .wrapper is merely a container for .navi, positioning #infoi in the top-right corner of .wrapper gives the effect of being positioned in the top-right corner of .navi.
And there we have it, #infoi now appears to be in the top-right corner of .navi.
The Result
The example below is boiled down to the basics, and contains some minimal styling.
/*
* position: relative gives a new position context
*/
.wrapper {
position: relative;
}
/*
* The .navi properties are for styling only
* These properties can be changed or removed
*/
.navi {
background-color: #eaeaea;
height: 40px;
}
/*
* Position the #infoi element in the top-right
* of the .wrapper element
*/
#infoi {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
/*
* Styling only, the below can be changed or removed
* depending on your use case
*/
height: 20px;
padding: 10px 10px;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="http://via.placeholder.com/32x20/000000/ffffff?text=?" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
</div>
An Alternate (Grid) Solution
Here's an alternate solution using CSS Grid to position the .navi element with the #infoi element in the far right. I've used the verbose grid properties to make it as clear as possible.
:root {
--columns: 12;
}
/*
* Setup the wrapper as a Grid element, with 12 columns, 1 row
*/
.wrapper {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--columns), 1fr);
grid-template-rows: 40px;
}
/*
* Position the .navi element to span all columns
*/
.navi {
grid-column-start: 1;
grid-column-end: span var(--columns);
grid-row-start: 1;
grid-row-end: 2;
/*
* Styling only, the below can be changed or removed
* depending on your use case
*/
background-color: #eaeaea;
}
/*
* Position the #infoi element in the last column, and center it
*/
#infoi {
grid-column-start: var(--columns);
grid-column-end: span 1;
grid-row-start: 1;
place-self: center;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="http://via.placeholder.com/32x20/000000/ffffff?text=?" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
</div>
An Alternate (No Wrapper) Solution
In the case we can't edit any HTML, meaning we can't add a wrapper element, we can still achieve the desired effect.
Instead of using position: absolute on the #infoi element, we'll use position: relative. This allows us to reposition the #infoi element from its default position below the .navi element. With position: relative we can use a negative top value to move it up from its default position, and a left value of 100% minus a few pixels, using left: calc(100% - 52px), to position it near the right-side.
/*
* The .navi properties are for styling only
* These properties can be changed or removed
*/
.navi {
background-color: #eaeaea;
height: 40px;
width: 100%;
}
/*
* Position the #infoi element in the top-right
* of the .wrapper element
*/
#infoi {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
top: -40px;
left: calc(100% - 52px);
/*
* Styling only, the below can be changed or removed
* depending on your use case
*/
height: 20px;
padding: 10px 10px;
}
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="http://via.placeholder.com/32x20/000000/ffffff?text=?" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
The new Grid CSS specification provides a far more elegant solution. Using position: absolute may lead to overlaps or scaling issues while Grid will save you from dirty CSS hacks.
Most minimal Grid Overlay example:
HTML
<div class="container">
<div class="content">This is the content</div>
<div class="overlay">Overlay - must be placed after content in the HTML</div>
</div>
CSS
.container {
display: grid;
}
.content, .overlay {
grid-area: 1 / 1;
}
That's it. If you don't build for Internet Explorer, your code will most probably work.
By using a div with style z-index:1; and position: absolute; you can overlay your div on any other div.
z-index determines the order in which divs 'stack'. A div with a higher z-index will appear in front of a div with a lower z-index. Note that this property only works with positioned elements.
You need to add a parent with a relative position, inside this parent you can set the absolute position of your divs
<div> <------Relative
<div/> <------Absolute
<div/> <------Absolute
<div/> <------Absolute
<div/>
Final result:
https://codepen.io/hiteshsahu/pen/XWKYEYb?editors=0100
<div class="container">
<div class="header">TOP: I am at Top & above of body container</div>
<div class="center">CENTER: I am at Top & in Center of body container</div>
<div class="footer">BOTTOM: I am at Bottom & above of body container</div>
</div>
Set HTML Body full width
html, body {
overflow: hidden;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
After that, you can set a div with the relative position to take full width and height
.container {
position: relative;
background-color: blue;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
border:1px solid;
color: white;
background-image: url("https://images.pexels.com/photos/5591663/pexels-photo-5591663.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&dpr=2&h=750&w=1260");
background-color: #cccccc;
}
Inside this div with the relative position you can put your div with absolute positions
On TOP above the container
.header {
position: absolute;
margin-top: -10px;
background-color: #d81b60 ;
left:0;
right:0;
margin:15px;
padding:10px;
font-size: large;
}
On BOTTOM above the container
.footer {
position: absolute;
background-color: #00bfa5;
left:0;
right:0;
bottom:0;
margin:15px;
padding:10px;
color: white;
font-size: large;
}
In CENTER above the container
.center {
position: absolute;
background-color: #00bfa5;
left: 30%;
right: 30%;
bottom:30%;
top: 30%;
margin:10px;
padding:10px;
color: white;
font-size: large;
}
Here follows a simple solution 100% based on CSS. The "secret" is to use the display: inline-block in the wrapper element. The vertical-align: bottom in the image is a hack to overcome the 4px padding that some browsers add after the element.
Advice: if the element before the wrapper is inline they can end up nested. In this case you can "wrap the wrapper" inside a container with display: block - usually a good and old div.
.wrapper {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
}
.hover {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
background-color: rgba(0, 188, 212, 0);
transition: background-color 0.5s;
}
.hover:hover {
background-color: rgba(0, 188, 212, 0.8);
// You can tweak with other background properties too (ie: background-image)...
}
img {
vertical-align: bottom;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="hover"></div>
<img src="http://placehold.it/450x250" />
</div>
This is what you need:
function showFrontLayer() {
document.getElementById('bg_mask').style.visibility='visible';
document.getElementById('frontlayer').style.visibility='visible';
}
function hideFrontLayer() {
document.getElementById('bg_mask').style.visibility='hidden';
document.getElementById('frontlayer').style.visibility='hidden';
}
#bg_mask {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0; bottom: 0;
left: 0;
margin: auto;
margin-top: 0px;
width: 981px;
height: 610px;
background : url("img_dot_white.jpg") center;
z-index: 0;
visibility: hidden;
}
#frontlayer {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
margin: 70px 140px 175px 140px;
padding : 30px;
width: 700px;
height: 400px;
background-color: orange;
visibility: hidden;
border: 1px solid black;
z-index: 1;
}
</style>
<html>
<head>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="EXPIRES" CONTENT="-1" />
</head>
<body>
<form action="test.html">
<div id="baselayer">
<input type="text" value="testing text"/>
<input type="button" value="Show front layer" onclick="showFrontLayer();"/> Click 'Show front layer' button<br/><br/><br/>
Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text
Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text
Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing textsting text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text
<div id="bg_mask">
<div id="frontlayer"><br/><br/>
Now try to click on "Show front layer" button or the text box. It is not active.<br/><br/><br/>
Use position: absolute to get the one div on top of another div.<br/><br/><br/>
The bg_mask div is between baselayer and front layer.<br/><br/><br/>
In bg_mask, img_dot_white.jpg(1 pixel in width and height) is used as background image to avoid IE browser transparency issue;<br/><br/><br/>
<input type="button" value="Hide front layer" onclick="hideFrontLayer();"/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
I am not much of a coder nor an expert in CSS, but I am still using your idea in my web designs. I have tried different resolutions too:
#wrapper {
margin: 0 auto;
width: 901px;
height: 100%;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
background-image: url(images/wrapperback.gif);
color: #000;
}
#header {
float: left;
width: 100.00%;
height: 122px;
background-color: #00314e;
background-image: url(images/header.jpg);
color: #fff;
}
#menu {
float: left;
padding-top: 20px;
margin-left: 495px;
width: 390px;
color: #f1f1f1;
}
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="header">
<div id="menu">
menu will go here
</div>
</div>
</div>
Of course there will be a wrapper around both of them. You can control the location of the menu div which will be displayed within the header div with left margins and top positions. You can also set the div menu to float right if you like.
Here is a simple example to bring an overlay effect with a loading icon over another div.
<style>
#overlay {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: black url('icons/loading.gif') center center no-repeat; /* Make sure the path and a fine named 'loading.gif' is there */
background-size: 50px;
z-index: 1;
opacity: .6;
}
.wraper{
position: relative;
width:400px; /* Just for testing, remove width and height if you have content inside this div */
height:500px; /* Remove this if you have content inside */
}
</style>
<h2>The overlay tester</h2>
<div class="wraper">
<div id="overlay"></div>
<h3>Apply the overlay over this div</h3>
</div>
Try it here: http://jsbin.com/fotozolucu/edit?html,css,output
I have an image in my website that is defined with the following CSS:
#settings_big{
border: none !important;
margin: auto 0 0 0 !important;
padding: 0 !important;
float: right;
}
Because of the float the image obviously sits on the right side of the content. The top margin causes the image to sit right beneath the lowest hanging element in the content. This looks OK, but I would really prefer that the image sit as low as possible in the browser window to somewhat frame the content. I've seen multiple examples that use fixed positioning to achieve this, and this would work, however my content has a max and min width of 960px; using a fixed position of
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
causes the image to get pushed far right outside of the content to the edge of the browser window. Is it possible to push the image to the bottom of the browser window while keeping the
float: right;
positioning? I would rather not use JavaScript or jQuery but it is an option I suppose. Thanks in advance.
New answer:
<div class="container contentCont">
<div id="content"></div>
</div>
<div class="container imageCont">
<div id="image"></div>
</div>
With CSS:
.container {
width: 200px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: #ccc;
}
.contentCont {
min-height: 600px;
}
.imageCont {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
left: 0;
}
#image {
float: right;
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
border: 4px solid red;
}
Does it right as in this JSFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/WYX7H/1/
The following might be close to what you need.
Assuming that your page layout vaguely looks like the following HTML:
<div class="wrapper">
<p>some words...</p>
<div class="slot">
<img src="http://placehold.it/200x200">
</div>
</div>
apply the following CSS:
.wrapper {
width: 600px;
height: 600px; /* for demo only, not critical... */
margin: 0 auto;
border: 1px solid blue;
}
.slot {
text-align: right;
position: fixed;
left: 50%;
bottom: 0;
margin-left: -301px;
width: 600px;
border: 1px dotted blue;
}
.wrapper img {
vertical-align: top;
}
See demo at: http://jsfiddle.net/audetwebdesign/6Xnxj/
If you don't know the width of the image (or you don't want to specify it),
create a wrapper that matches the width of the parent element and apply position: fixed to it.
The image can then be either floated or text-aligned to the right within the fixed block.
The fixed block can then be positioned to the left and bottom, and using margin-left
to keep it centered.
I'm trying to create a fixed navigation menu which scrolls down the side of the page.
The page has been structured so that everything stretches the full width of the page and then each div makes the fixed width of its content of 860px. Now I've come to add a fixed navigation and I'm struggling to make the fixed navigation align to the right of this content.
I can't have a page wrapper which sets a fixed page width and then contains everything because The backgrounds stretch the full width of the page.
I've tried to add a fixed div to contain the navigation but this div just ends up intercepting all the clicks as it's above the rest of the content.
There are several sections on the page, so I don't think I can nest the navigation inside the first section.
<div id="navigation">
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="section-content">
<div class="section-content-panel">
<p>Blah blah blah</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="section-content">
<div class="section-content-panel">
<p>Blah blah blah</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
And the CSS:
#navigation {
height: 100%;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -480px;
position: fixed;
width: 960px;
z-index: 999;
}
#navigation ul {
background: blue;
height: 200px;
margin: -50px 0 0;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
right: 0;
width: 80px;
}
.section {
margin: 0 auto;
position: relative;
padding: 0 0 100px 0;
width: 100%;
}
.section-content {
background-color: #1d1d1d;
background-color: rgba(29, 29, 29, 0.96);
color: #ffffff;
padding: 24px 0;
position: relative;
}
.section-content-panel {
margin: 0 auto;
padding-right: 100px;
position: relative;
width: 860px;
}
JSFiddle.
Could someone help me get this working properly?
EDIT
A sketch to show the effect I'm after.
It's a rough sketch, but blue is the viewport, grey are the sections and red is width of all the content. The sections contain all of the content to the red width, but their backgrounds need to expand full screen. The green is the navigation and I want that to sit fixed in the viewport, with the sections scrolling behind it.
I hope that helps clear it up?
Okay, the sketch is clarifying.
I believe you don't need div#navigation. I deleted the div and gave the menu the id, and changed the CSS to this:
#navigation {
background: blue;
position: fixed;
height: 200px;
width: 100px;
top: 50%;
right: 50%;
margin-top: -100px;
margin-right: -480px;
z-index: 999;
}
Check the updated fiddle.
Note1: changing the height or width also requires changing the margins. So when the height or width is dynamic, it won't be aligned right.
Note 2: when the window resizes, the menu won't keep its place. It will flow over the content, you can't fix that, because the list is on a fixed position calculate on the viewport sizes, and not the contents.
I'm looking for a way to center a div horizontally in the page on Google Chrome.
I tried using margin: auto; but I've read that this function is not supported in Google Chrome. As a result my div stays aligned to the left side of the screen.
If I use, for example, margin-left: 100px; the div does move toward the center of the page, but I don't want to center it manually.
HTML:
<body>
<div id="header">
<p>John Doe</p>
<p>email</p>
</div>
</body>
CSS:
body
{
background-color: #f0f0f0;
}
div
{
border-radius: 5px;
}
#header
{
position: fixed;
background-color: #3399ff;
color: white;
width: 60%;
margin: auto;
}
#header p
{
display: inline;
}
margin: auto will not work on a fixed (or absolute) position div. Instead you need to set left: 50% and the left margin to negative half of the element width.
#header
{
position: fixed;
width: 60%;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -30%;
}
http://jsfiddle.net/ZAqJM/
UPDATE: as of now most browsers will support transfrom: translate so you can comfortably do:
{
position: fixed;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
}
I know this is quite old but I think is worth mentioning that the following works like magic:
#header {
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
}
For future references.
Centering a <div> using margin: auto; works cross browsers. You need to make sure the div that you're trying to center is contained in a block-level element.
<div class="headerContainer">
<div id="header">
<p>John Doe</p>
<p>email</p>
</div>
</div>
To properly center, your div#header needs to be block-level and must have a width and is a child element of a block-level element. (Technically <body> is block-level but you might want to maintain your header's "containership")
Therefore, remove the position: fixed from #header { ... }. Please see working example: http://jsfiddle.net/amyamy86/2sXdC/
margin:auto is for the object that has width and set the left-right margin equally.
Div is basically BLOCK with FULL-WIDTH (100%) so set margin:auto is doesn't get anything since the width is full to the parent.
To make it work, you can did that by 2 ways,
use text-align:center for div -> this will align text inside div center
include width property in div (i.e. width:200px) and it will work fine.
I need assistance with overlaying one individual div over another individual div.
My code looks like this:
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="info_icon2.png" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
Unfortunately I cannot nest the div#infoi or the img, inside the first div.navi.
It has to be two separate divs as shown, but I need to know how I could place the div#infoi over the div.navi and to the right most side and centered on top of the div.navi.
#container {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
position: relative;
}
#navi,
#infoi {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
#infoi {
z-index: 10;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="navi">a</div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="https://appharbor.com/assets/images/stackoverflow-logo.png" height="20" width="32" />b
</div>
</div>
I would suggest learning about position: relative and child elements with position: absolute.
The accepted solution works great, but IMO lacks an explanation as to why it works. The example below is boiled down to the basics and separates the important CSS from the non-relevant styling CSS. As a bonus, I've also included a detailed explanation of how CSS positioning works.
TLDR; if you only want the code, scroll down to The Result.
The Problem
There are two separate, sibling, elements and the goal is to position the second element (with an id of infoi), so it appears within the previous element (the one with a class of navi). The HTML structure cannot be changed.
Proposed Solution
To achieve the desired result we're going to move, or position, the second element, which we'll call #infoi so it appears within the first element, which we'll call .navi. Specifically, we want #infoi to be positioned in the top-right corner of .navi.
CSS Position Required Knowledge
CSS has several properties for positioning elements. By default, all elements are position: static. This means the element will be positioned according to its order in the HTML structure, with few exceptions.
The other position values are relative, absolute, sticky, and fixed. By setting an element's position to one of these other values it's now possible to use a combination of the following four properties to position the element:
top
right
bottom
left
In other words, by setting position: absolute, we can add top: 100px to position the element 100 pixels from the top of the page. Conversely, if we set bottom: 100px the element would be positioned 100 pixels from the bottom of the page.
Here's where many CSS newcomers get lost - position: absolute has a frame of reference. In the example above, the frame of reference is the body element. position: absolute with top: 100px means the element is positioned 100 pixels from the top of the body element.
The position frame of reference, or position context, can be altered by setting the position of a parent element to any value other than position: static. That is, we can create a new position context by giving a parent element:
position: relative;
position: absolute;
position: sticky;
position: fixed;
For example, if a <div class="parent"> element is given position: relative, any child elements use the <div class="parent"> as their position context. If a child element were given position: absolute and top: 100px, the element would be positioned 100 pixels from the top of the <div class="parent"> element, because the <div class="parent"> is now the position context.
The other factor to be aware of is stack order - or how elements are stacked in the z-direction. The must-know here is the stack order of elements are, by default, defined by the reverse of their order in the HTML structure. Consider the following example:
<body>
<div>Bottom</div>
<div>Top</div>
</body>
In this example, if the two <div> elements were positioned in the same place on the page, the <div>Top</div> element would cover the <div>Bottom</div> element. Since <div>Top</div> comes after <div>Bottom</div> in the HTML structure it has a higher stacking order.
div {
position: absolute;
width: 50%;
height: 50%;
}
#bottom {
top: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: blue;
}
#top {
top: 25%;
left: 25%;
background-color: red;
}
<div id="bottom">Bottom</div>
<div id="top">Top</div>
The stacking order can be changed with CSS using the z-index or order properties.
We can ignore the stacking order in this issue as the natural HTML structure of the elements means the element we want to appear on top comes after the other element.
So, back to the problem at hand - we'll use position context to solve this issue.
The Solution
As stated above, our goal is to position the #infoi element so it appears within the .navi element. To do this, we'll wrap the .navi and #infoi elements in a new element <div class="wrapper"> so we can create a new position context.
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi"></div>
</div>
Then create a new position context by giving .wrapper a position: relative.
.wrapper {
position: relative;
}
With this new position context, we can position #infoi within .wrapper. First, give #infoi a position: absolute, allowing us to position #infoi absolutely in .wrapper.
Then add top: 0 and right: 0 to position the #infoi element in the top-right corner. Remember, because the #infoi element is using .wrapper as its position context, it will be in the top-right of the .wrapper element.
#infoi {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
}
Because .wrapper is merely a container for .navi, positioning #infoi in the top-right corner of .wrapper gives the effect of being positioned in the top-right corner of .navi.
And there we have it, #infoi now appears to be in the top-right corner of .navi.
The Result
The example below is boiled down to the basics, and contains some minimal styling.
/*
* position: relative gives a new position context
*/
.wrapper {
position: relative;
}
/*
* The .navi properties are for styling only
* These properties can be changed or removed
*/
.navi {
background-color: #eaeaea;
height: 40px;
}
/*
* Position the #infoi element in the top-right
* of the .wrapper element
*/
#infoi {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
/*
* Styling only, the below can be changed or removed
* depending on your use case
*/
height: 20px;
padding: 10px 10px;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="http://via.placeholder.com/32x20/000000/ffffff?text=?" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
</div>
An Alternate (Grid) Solution
Here's an alternate solution using CSS Grid to position the .navi element with the #infoi element in the far right. I've used the verbose grid properties to make it as clear as possible.
:root {
--columns: 12;
}
/*
* Setup the wrapper as a Grid element, with 12 columns, 1 row
*/
.wrapper {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(var(--columns), 1fr);
grid-template-rows: 40px;
}
/*
* Position the .navi element to span all columns
*/
.navi {
grid-column-start: 1;
grid-column-end: span var(--columns);
grid-row-start: 1;
grid-row-end: 2;
/*
* Styling only, the below can be changed or removed
* depending on your use case
*/
background-color: #eaeaea;
}
/*
* Position the #infoi element in the last column, and center it
*/
#infoi {
grid-column-start: var(--columns);
grid-column-end: span 1;
grid-row-start: 1;
place-self: center;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="http://via.placeholder.com/32x20/000000/ffffff?text=?" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
</div>
An Alternate (No Wrapper) Solution
In the case we can't edit any HTML, meaning we can't add a wrapper element, we can still achieve the desired effect.
Instead of using position: absolute on the #infoi element, we'll use position: relative. This allows us to reposition the #infoi element from its default position below the .navi element. With position: relative we can use a negative top value to move it up from its default position, and a left value of 100% minus a few pixels, using left: calc(100% - 52px), to position it near the right-side.
/*
* The .navi properties are for styling only
* These properties can be changed or removed
*/
.navi {
background-color: #eaeaea;
height: 40px;
width: 100%;
}
/*
* Position the #infoi element in the top-right
* of the .wrapper element
*/
#infoi {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
top: -40px;
left: calc(100% - 52px);
/*
* Styling only, the below can be changed or removed
* depending on your use case
*/
height: 20px;
padding: 10px 10px;
}
<div class="navi"></div>
<div id="infoi">
<img src="http://via.placeholder.com/32x20/000000/ffffff?text=?" height="20" width="32"/>
</div>
The new Grid CSS specification provides a far more elegant solution. Using position: absolute may lead to overlaps or scaling issues while Grid will save you from dirty CSS hacks.
Most minimal Grid Overlay example:
HTML
<div class="container">
<div class="content">This is the content</div>
<div class="overlay">Overlay - must be placed after content in the HTML</div>
</div>
CSS
.container {
display: grid;
}
.content, .overlay {
grid-area: 1 / 1;
}
That's it. If you don't build for Internet Explorer, your code will most probably work.
By using a div with style z-index:1; and position: absolute; you can overlay your div on any other div.
z-index determines the order in which divs 'stack'. A div with a higher z-index will appear in front of a div with a lower z-index. Note that this property only works with positioned elements.
You need to add a parent with a relative position, inside this parent you can set the absolute position of your divs
<div> <------Relative
<div/> <------Absolute
<div/> <------Absolute
<div/> <------Absolute
<div/>
Final result:
https://codepen.io/hiteshsahu/pen/XWKYEYb?editors=0100
<div class="container">
<div class="header">TOP: I am at Top & above of body container</div>
<div class="center">CENTER: I am at Top & in Center of body container</div>
<div class="footer">BOTTOM: I am at Bottom & above of body container</div>
</div>
Set HTML Body full width
html, body {
overflow: hidden;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
After that, you can set a div with the relative position to take full width and height
.container {
position: relative;
background-color: blue;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
border:1px solid;
color: white;
background-image: url("https://images.pexels.com/photos/5591663/pexels-photo-5591663.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&dpr=2&h=750&w=1260");
background-color: #cccccc;
}
Inside this div with the relative position you can put your div with absolute positions
On TOP above the container
.header {
position: absolute;
margin-top: -10px;
background-color: #d81b60 ;
left:0;
right:0;
margin:15px;
padding:10px;
font-size: large;
}
On BOTTOM above the container
.footer {
position: absolute;
background-color: #00bfa5;
left:0;
right:0;
bottom:0;
margin:15px;
padding:10px;
color: white;
font-size: large;
}
In CENTER above the container
.center {
position: absolute;
background-color: #00bfa5;
left: 30%;
right: 30%;
bottom:30%;
top: 30%;
margin:10px;
padding:10px;
color: white;
font-size: large;
}
Here follows a simple solution 100% based on CSS. The "secret" is to use the display: inline-block in the wrapper element. The vertical-align: bottom in the image is a hack to overcome the 4px padding that some browsers add after the element.
Advice: if the element before the wrapper is inline they can end up nested. In this case you can "wrap the wrapper" inside a container with display: block - usually a good and old div.
.wrapper {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
}
.hover {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
background-color: rgba(0, 188, 212, 0);
transition: background-color 0.5s;
}
.hover:hover {
background-color: rgba(0, 188, 212, 0.8);
// You can tweak with other background properties too (ie: background-image)...
}
img {
vertical-align: bottom;
}
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="hover"></div>
<img src="http://placehold.it/450x250" />
</div>
This is what you need:
function showFrontLayer() {
document.getElementById('bg_mask').style.visibility='visible';
document.getElementById('frontlayer').style.visibility='visible';
}
function hideFrontLayer() {
document.getElementById('bg_mask').style.visibility='hidden';
document.getElementById('frontlayer').style.visibility='hidden';
}
#bg_mask {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0; bottom: 0;
left: 0;
margin: auto;
margin-top: 0px;
width: 981px;
height: 610px;
background : url("img_dot_white.jpg") center;
z-index: 0;
visibility: hidden;
}
#frontlayer {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
margin: 70px 140px 175px 140px;
padding : 30px;
width: 700px;
height: 400px;
background-color: orange;
visibility: hidden;
border: 1px solid black;
z-index: 1;
}
</style>
<html>
<head>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="EXPIRES" CONTENT="-1" />
</head>
<body>
<form action="test.html">
<div id="baselayer">
<input type="text" value="testing text"/>
<input type="button" value="Show front layer" onclick="showFrontLayer();"/> Click 'Show front layer' button<br/><br/><br/>
Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text
Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text
Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing textsting text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text Testing text
<div id="bg_mask">
<div id="frontlayer"><br/><br/>
Now try to click on "Show front layer" button or the text box. It is not active.<br/><br/><br/>
Use position: absolute to get the one div on top of another div.<br/><br/><br/>
The bg_mask div is between baselayer and front layer.<br/><br/><br/>
In bg_mask, img_dot_white.jpg(1 pixel in width and height) is used as background image to avoid IE browser transparency issue;<br/><br/><br/>
<input type="button" value="Hide front layer" onclick="hideFrontLayer();"/>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
I am not much of a coder nor an expert in CSS, but I am still using your idea in my web designs. I have tried different resolutions too:
#wrapper {
margin: 0 auto;
width: 901px;
height: 100%;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
background-image: url(images/wrapperback.gif);
color: #000;
}
#header {
float: left;
width: 100.00%;
height: 122px;
background-color: #00314e;
background-image: url(images/header.jpg);
color: #fff;
}
#menu {
float: left;
padding-top: 20px;
margin-left: 495px;
width: 390px;
color: #f1f1f1;
}
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="header">
<div id="menu">
menu will go here
</div>
</div>
</div>
Of course there will be a wrapper around both of them. You can control the location of the menu div which will be displayed within the header div with left margins and top positions. You can also set the div menu to float right if you like.
Here is a simple example to bring an overlay effect with a loading icon over another div.
<style>
#overlay {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: black url('icons/loading.gif') center center no-repeat; /* Make sure the path and a fine named 'loading.gif' is there */
background-size: 50px;
z-index: 1;
opacity: .6;
}
.wraper{
position: relative;
width:400px; /* Just for testing, remove width and height if you have content inside this div */
height:500px; /* Remove this if you have content inside */
}
</style>
<h2>The overlay tester</h2>
<div class="wraper">
<div id="overlay"></div>
<h3>Apply the overlay over this div</h3>
</div>
Try it here: http://jsbin.com/fotozolucu/edit?html,css,output