Recursive MySQL Query with relational innoDB - mysql

Question

I've got a table structure like (simplified):
content
- id_content
- my_string1
- ...
content_has_content
- id_content
- id_subcontent
topic_has_content
- id_topic
- id_content
Any topic can have multiple 'content', any 'content' can have multiple 'subcontent' (instance of content).
With a given id_topic I'd like to recieve a list of all my_string1 from the linked contents, subcontents, subcontents-of-subcontents, and so on.
I understand "WITH" is not working for mysql but cannot find a nice recursive alternative.
Thanks
daniel

Answer 1

There is no recursion in MySQL and also the result you would get would be flat (no structure). The best way is still a while loop in PHP, Java or whatever programming language you use.
The query could look like this:
SELECT C.*, CHC.ID_SUBCONTENT
FROM CONTENT C
LEFT OUTER JOIN CONTENT_HAS_CONTENT CHC ON CHC.ID_CONTENT = C.ID_CONTENT
WHERE C.ID = ?
... // you get the idea
and in PHP you could repeat the query with the next sub_content_id, until ID_SUBCONTENT is null

Answer 2

Solution
PosgreSQL, Oracle, MS-SQL, ... have WITH RECURSIVE to handle such data structures. It internally uses a while loop to get all the parent ids for the current row (we need the child's here instead)
This can achieved in MySQL too, you can create a stored procedure and reproduce the same behavior
Assumed/DDL used
content_has_content has entries as
content_1
content_2
content_3
content_4
I pass the id_content as 2 and get the output as
content_2
content_3
content_4
All of the above are descendants of content_2
Fire call content_details(2); to get all the child rows for the passed id_content
SQL
###### Stored Routine
DELIMITER //
drop procedure IF EXISTS `content_details`;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`#`localhost` PROCEDURE `content_details`(`_idcontent` INT)
LANGUAGE SQL
DETERMINISTIC
CONTAINS SQL
SQL SECURITY DEFINER
COMMENT ''
BEGIN
DECLARE temp_content_ids varchar(200);
DECLARE idcontent, idcontent2 integer;
SET temp_content_ids= _idcontent;
SET idcontent = _idcontent;
SET idcontent2 = _idcontent;
WHILE idcontent2 IS NOT NULL DO
SET idcontent = NULL;
SELECT id_subcontent, CONCAT(id_subcontent,',',temp_content_ids) INTO idcontent, temp_content_ids FROM content_has_content WHERE id_content = idcontent2;
SET idcontent2 = idcontent;
END WHILE;
SELECT my_string1 FROM content WHERE FIND_IN_SET( id, temp_content_ids );
END//
What I basically do is run a while loop until I have the last child_id, store these ids in a comma separated string format and then fire a query to get all the rows which have a id present in the var I just created
Note: There are chances you could be having invalid values within your tables, such as row having a id_subcontent, which points to its own id_content, which could cause a never ending loop within the procedure, to avoid such situations, you can use a counter and limit the nesting to say around 50 (or any value as per your requirement) and raise a exception if that limit is surpassed
Some data to play with..
###### DLL Statements
CREATE TABLE content
( id_content int,
my_string1 varchar(200));
CREATE TABLE content_has_content
( id_content int,
id_subcontent int);
CREATE TABLE topic_has_content
( id_topic int,
id_content int);
INSERT INTO content VALUES (1, 'content_1'), (2, 'content_2'), (3, 'content_3'), (4, 'content_4');
INSERT INTO content_has_content VALUES (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4);
INSERT INTO topic_has_content VALUES (1, 1);
Hope this helps..