I have a 3 column layout which I'm creating using inline-block divs. The left and right columns are fixed widths but the inner column is to hold dynamic content and should expand horizontally as required by it's content width.
That's easy enough... the tricky part is that when the browser window is smaller (horizontally) than the width of the left, right and expanded middle divs, I would like the middle div to scroll and the side columns to stay fixed. In other words, the middle div's size should shrink and grow with window resize but should not grow beyond the available space.
Simply laying out the divs looks like this
https://jsfiddle.net/xzjp5xef/1/
HTML:
<div id="container">
<div id="lcol">
left
</div>
<div id="midcol">
<div id="spacer">
150px spacer
</div>
</div>
<div id="rightcol">
right
</div>
</div>
CSS:
div {
height:200px;
border-style:solid;
display: inline-block;
border-width: 1px;
vertical-align: top;
}
#container{
white-space: nowrap;
}
#lcol {
background-color:blue;
width: 100px;
}
#midcol {
background-color: yellow;
overflow-x: auto;
}
#spacer {
min-width: 150px;
margin: 10px;
height: 20px;
}
#rightcol {
background-color: red;
width:100px;
}
The point of the "spacer" div is to represent the dynamic content which in this case I've fixed to 150px plus padding. So in this case I want the divs to lay out the way they do in the above fiddle, but then when the window is shrunk horizontally, I want the middle div to scroll and the left and right divs to remain fully visible.
That fails because then the window gets a scroll bar but the middle panel remains the same width and the right hand div disappears into the scrolled region.
My next attempt was using absolute positioning
https://jsfiddle.net/n4zrLqh2/
I fixed the left div to the left and the right div to the right and set the middle div's right and left properties. This is a neat trick which allows the middle div to stretch and take up all available space. This works nicely but doesn't create the effect I'm after when the window is big - because I don't want the middle column to expand further than is necessary to contain its content.
In the end I've solved this with javascript but would much prefer a CSS solution.
Edit: To help others see what I'm trying to achieve, here's the complete javascript solution (which I'd prefer to achieve with pure CSS):
HTML:
<div id="lcol">left</div>
<div id="midcol">
<div id="spacer">150px spacer</div>
</div>
<div id="rightcol">right</div>
CSS:
div {
height:200px;
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: top;
margin: 0px;
float:left;
}
body {
white-space: nowrap;
margin:0px;
max-height: 200px;
}
#lcol {
background-color:blue;
width: 100px;
}
#midcol {
background-color: yellow;
overflow-x: auto;
}
#spacer {
min-width: 150px;
height: 20px;
background-color: gray;
margin: 5px;
}
#rightcol {
background-color: red;
width:100px;
}
JAVASCRIPT (with jquery)
function adjustSizes() {
// Sizes of middle divs are dynamic. Adjust once
// built or whenever the viewport resizes
//
var $leftDiv = $('#lcol')
var $milddleDiv = $('#midcol');
var $rightDiv = $('#rightcol');
// 1. Resize middle div to available viewport space
var maxBodyWidth = $(window).innerWidth() - ($leftDiv.outerWidth() + $rightDiv.outerWidth());
$milddleDiv.css('maxWidth', maxBodyWidth);
}
$(window).resize(function () {
adjustSizes();
});
And the fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/bjmekkgj/2/
I think setting max-width of spacer will solve your problem in case content increases.
Set max-width to calc(100vw - 200px) if all margin and padding are 0. Otherwise adjust the value 200px taking margin, padding into account.
I have created a plunker. Please check if it solves your issue. Try checking after running plunker in spearate window
http://plnkr.co/edit/WG9v0MyiD2hiaZrOA3Yw?p=preview
For the one example you provided, since the left and right columns are positioned absolutely, you should take up the space somehow. I used padding on the middle column, then nested a "content" block inside that represents the visible part of the middle column. Then, I put overflow-x: auto; on the new content block and set a max-width on the overall container to force the new block to shrink.
(In previous edits, I was attempting to do this same thing but with floats instead of absolutely positioned divs)
* { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; }
#container {
box-sizing: border-box;
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
max-width: 100%;
border: 1px solid black;
height: 200px;
}
.column {
box-sizing: border-box;
height: 100%;
}
#left {
position: absolute;
left: 0px;
top: 0px;
bottom: 0px;
width: 100px;
border-right: 1px solid black;
background: blue;
}
#mid {
border: none;
padding: 0px 100px;
}
#mid > .content {
box-sizing: border-box;
background-color: yellow;
overflow-x: auto;
height: 100%;
}
#spacer {
width: 150px;
height: 20px;
}
#right {
position: absolute;
right: 0px;
top: 0px;
bottom: 0px;
width: 100px;
border-left: 1px solid black;
background: red;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="left" class="column">
left
</div>
<div id="mid" class="column">
<div class="content">
<div id="spacer">
150px spacer
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="right" class="column">
right
</div>
</div>
...and in JSFiddle form
flexbox can do that.
div {
border-style: solid;
border-width: 1px;
}
#container {
height: 200px;
display: flex;
}
#lcol {
background-color: blue;
width: 100px;
}
#midcol {
background-color: yellow;
flex: 1;
overflow-x: auto;
}
#rightcol {
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="lcol">
left
</div>
<div id="midcol">
</div>
<div id="rightcol">
right
</div>
</div>
JSfiddle Demo (showing overflow effect).
Support is IE10 and up.
Try setting the middle div to have a max width with a percentage so it will get thinner with the screen size:
.midcol {
max-width: 25%;
}
I put a value for the max-width in there for an example, but you can change the value.
I'm trying to make a menu bar centered horizontally in the header of my page. For some reason, i can't get the centering to work. I made a little test page roughly displaying the problem: JSFiddle. The inner div has to be 5px away from the bottom, that's whatI use the position: absolute for.
I've tried searching on the web alot, but everything I find gives me the same result, or none at all. Most problems I found were when text-align: center wasn't in the container div, but even with it, it still doesn't work.
I removed two css attributes and it work.
position: absolute;
bottom: 5px;
Check this Fiddle
5px from bottom. Fiddle
This is not a perfect way, but it's still kind of useful. I first think of this idea from this Q&A.
You'll have to make some change to your HTML:
<div id="container">
<div id="wrapper-center"> <!-- added a new DIV layer -->
<div id="inner_container">
TEXT ELEMETNES IN THIS THING!!!!
</div>
</div>
</div>
And the CSS will change to:
#container {
background: black;
width: 100%;
height: 160px;
position: relative;
}
#inner_container {
display: inline-block;
width: auto;
color: white;
background-color: #808080;
padding: 5px;
position: relative;
left:-50%;
}
#wrapper-center {
position:absolute;
left:50%;
bottom:5px;
width:auto;
}
Demo fiddle
The trick is to place the wrapper at the given top-bottom position, and 50% from left (related to parent), and then make the true content 50% to left (related to the wrapper), thus making it center.
But the pitfall is, the wrapper will only be half the parent container's width, and thus the content: in case of narrow screen or long content, it will wrap before it "stretch width enough".
If you want to centre something, you typically provide a width and then make the margins either side half of the total space remaining. So if your inner div is 70% of your outer div you set left and right margins to 15% each. Note that margin:auto will do this for you automatically. Your text will still appear to one side though as it is left-aligned. Fix this with text-align: centre.
PS: you really don't need to use position absolute to centre something like this, in fact it just makes things more difficult and less flexible.
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
#container {
background: black;
width: 100%;
height: 160px;
}
#inner_container {
color:red;
height:50px;
width: 70%;
margin:auto;
text-align:center;
}
If you don't want a fixed width on the inner div, you could do something like this
#outer {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
That makes the inner div to an inline element, that can be centered with text-align.
working Ex
this CSS changes will work :
#container {
background: black;
width: 100%;
height: 160px;
line-height: 160px;
text-align: center;
}
#inner_container {
display: inline;
margin: 0 auto;
width: auto;
color: white;
background-color: #808080;
padding: 5px;
bottom: 5px;
}
Try this:
html
<div id="outer"><div id="inner">inner</div></div>
css
#outer {
background: black;
width: 100%;
height: 160px;
line-height: 160px;
text-align: center;
}
#inner{
display: inline;
width: auto;
color: white;
background-color: #808080;
padding: 5px;
bottom: 5px;
}
example jsfiddle
You may set the inline style for the inner div.
HTML:
<div id="container">
<div align="center" id="inner_container" style="text-align: center; position:absolute;color: white;width:100%; bottom:5px;">
<div style="display: inline-block;text-align: center;">TEXT ELEMETNES IN THIS THING!!!!</div>
</div>
</div>
Here is working DEMO
I want to achieve the following effect: http://jsfiddle.net/3KJta/1/
However the solution I have uses a known width for the small div and the larger div. I need this to work with variable sized divs. The use case for this is a tooltip that appears above a smaller flexible sized element. The tooltip content isn't known and so the width could be anything.
So far I have:
<div class="small">
<div class="smaller"></div>
<div class="larger"></div>
</div>
and
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
div {
border: 2px solid black;
}
.small {
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
position: absolute;
left: 200px;
top: 50px;
text-align: center;
}
.smaller {
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
border-color: red;
display: inline-block;
}
.larger {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border-color: blue;
display: inline-block;
margin-left: -75px /* NOTE: in reality, .small has a variable width, and so does .larger, so i can't just take off this fixed margin */
}
If you are ok with using css3 and only support modern browsers you can use transform: translateX(-50%); to center the bigger box (currently supported browsers).
See this example: http://jsfiddle.net/2SQ4S/1/
If you use and extra element you can do it:
<div class="small">
<div class="smaller"></div>
<div class="larger">
<div>I'm extra</div>
</div>
</div>
CSS
.larger {
position:relative;
left:50%;
width:8000%;
margin-left:-4000%;
text-align:center;
border:none;
}
.larger div {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border-color: blue;
margin:auto;
}
http://jsfiddle.net/3KJta/4/
although that does cause some issues with content being wider than the page so you would need it all in a container with overflow:hidden:
http://jsfiddle.net/3KJta/7/
All a bit ugly though. Perhaps there's a solution where you can avoid doing this. Maybe a JS solution that measures the size of the content you're trying to show and offsets it.
I am getting a little gap between child-div and its parent-div. Is it possible for child-div to on its parent-div height? or (the way around)possible if the parent-div can scope the height of its child-div for not to overlap or get some extra spaces.
I have a DOM like this:
<div class="parent-div">
<div class="parent-image">
</div>
<div class="child-div">
</div>
</div>
here is my CSS:
.parent-image:{
height:60px;
}
.parent-div{
border: 1px solid #E3E3E3;
border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
width: 100%;
}
.child-div{
????
}
If you specify height: 100%; it will take the height of the parent.
If your child has padding, you need to change its box-sizing.
.child {
padding: 10px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
If your child has more content than the parent, you either need to tell it to scroll, or hide. Note that on some browsers the scroll-bar will be inside the div, and on other browsers, it'll be on the outside.
.parent.c .child {
overflow: auto;
}
or
.parent.d .child {
overflow: hidden;
}
Demo of All
In your CSS, you can set your child-div to:
.child-div{
height:100%;
}
Here is a demonstration: http://jsfiddle.net/Xq7zQ/
This question already has answers here:
How to vertically align an image inside a div
(37 answers)
Flexbox: center horizontally and vertically
(14 answers)
How can I vertically align elements in a div?
(28 answers)
How do I center an image if it's wider than its container?
(10 answers)
Closed 3 years ago.
I have a div 200 x 200 px. I want to place a 50 x 50 px image right in the middle of the div.
How can it be done?
I am able to get it centered horizontally by using text-align: center for the div. But vertical alignment is the issue..
Working in old browsers (IE >= 8)
Absolute position in combination with automatic margin permits to center an element horizontally and vertically. The element position could be based on a parent element position using relative positioning. View Result
img {
position: absolute;
margin: auto;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
}
Personally, I'd place it as the background image within the div, the CSS for that being:
#demo {
background: url(bg_apple_little.gif) no-repeat center center;
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
}
(Assumes a div with id="demo" as you are already specifying height and width adding a background shouldn't be an issue)
Let the browser take the strain.
another way is to create a table with valign, of course. This would work regardless of you knowing the div's height or not.
<div>
<table width="100%" height="100%" align="center" valign="center">
<tr><td>
<img src="foo.jpg" alt="foo" />
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
but you should always stick to just css whenever possible.
I would set your larger div with position:relative; then for your image do this:
img.classname{
position:absolute;
top:50%;
left:50%;
margin-top:-25px;
margin-left:-25px;
}
This only works because you know the dimensions of both the image and the containing div. This will also let you have other items within the containing div... where solutions like using line-height will not.
EDIT: Note... your margins are negative half of the size of the image.
This works correctly:
display: block;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto
else try this if the above only gives you horizontal centering:
.outerContainer {
position: relative;
}
.innerContainer {
width: 50px; //your image/element width here
height: 50px; //your image/element height here
overflow: auto;
margin: auto;
position: absolute;
top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0;
}
Use Flexbox:
.outerDiv {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
justify-content: center; /* Centering y-axis */
align-items :center; /* Centering x-axis */
}
here's another method to center everything within anything.
Working Fiddle
HTML: (simple as ever)
<div class="Container">
<div class="Content"> /*this can be an img, span, or everything else*/
I'm the Content
</div>
</div>
CSS:
.Container
{
text-align: center;
}
.Container:before
{
content: '';
height: 100%;
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.Content
{
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
}
Benefits
The Container and Content height are unknown.
Centering without specific negative margin, without setting the line-height (so it works well with multiple line of text) and without a script, also Works great with CSS transitions.
This is coming a bit late, but here's a solution I use to vertical align elements within a parent div.
This is useful for when you know the size of the container div, but not that of the contained image. (this is frequently the case when working with lightboxes or image carousels).
Here's the styling you should try:
container div
{
display:table-cell;
vertical-align:middle;
height:200px;
width:200px;
}
img
{
/*Apply any styling here*/
}
I've found that Valamas' and Lepu's answers above are the most straightforward answers that deal with images of unknown size, or of known size that you'd rather not hard-code into your CSS. I just have a few small tweaks: remove irrelevant styles, size it to 200px to match the question, and add max-height/max-width to handle images that may be too large.
div.image-thumbnail
{
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
line-height: 200px;
text-align: center;
}
div.image-thumbnail img
{
vertical-align: middle;
max-height: 200px;
max-width: 200px;
}
in the div
style="text-align:center; line-height:200px"
We can easily achieve this using flex. no need for background-image.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#image-wrapper{
width:500px;
height:500px;
border:1px solid #333;
display:flex;
justify-content:center;
align-items:center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="image-wrapper">
<img id="myImage" src="http://blog.w3c.br/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/css31-213x300.png">
</div>
</body>
</html>
Vertical-align is one of the most misused css styles. It doesn't work how you might expect on elements that are not td's or css "display: table-cell".
This is a very good post on the matter. http://phrogz.net/CSS/vertical-align/index.html
The most common methods to acheive what you're looking for are:
padding top/bottom
position absolute
line-height
In CSS do it as:
img
{
display:table-cell;
vertical-align:middle;
margin:auto;
}
#sleepy You can easily do this using the following attributes:
#content {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
}
#myImage {
display: block;
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
margin: auto;
border: 1px solid yellow;
}
<div id="content">
<img id="myImage" src="http://blog.w3c.br/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/css31-213x300.png">
</div>
References: W3
Typically, I'll set the line-height to be 200px. Usually does the trick.
I have a gallery of images for which I don't know the exact heights or widths of images beforhand, I just know that they are smaller than the div in which they are going to be contained.
By doing a combination of line-height settings on the container and using vertical-align:middle on the image element, I finally got it to work on FF 3.5, Safari 4.0 and IE7.0 using the following HTML markup and the following CSS.
The HTML Markup
<div id="gallery">
<div class="painting">
<a href="Painting/Details/2">
<img src="/Content/Images/Paintings/Thumbnail/painting_00002.jpg" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="painting">
...
</div>
...
</div>
The CSS
div.painting
{
float:left;
height:138px; /* fixed dimensions */
width: 138px;
border: solid 1px white;
background-color:#F5F5F5;
line-height:138px;
text-align:center;
}
div.painting a img
{
border:none;
vertical-align:middle;
}
This works for me :
<body>
<table id="table-foo">
<tr><td>
<img src="foo.png" />
</td></tr>
</table>
</body>
<style type="text/css">
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
#table-foo {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
}
#table-foo img {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto;
}
</style>
Another way (not mentioned here yet) is with Flexbox.
Just set the following rules on the container div:
display: flex;
justify-content: center; /* align horizontal */
align-items: center; /* align vertical */
FIDDLE
div {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid green;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
/* align horizontal */
align-items: center;
/* align vertical */
}
<div>
<img src="http://lorempixel.com/50/50/food" alt="" />
</div>
A good place to start with Flexbox to see some of it's features and get syntax for maximum browser support is flexyboxes
Also, browser support nowadays is quite good: caniuse
For cross-browser compatibility for display: flex and align-items, you can use the following:
display: -webkit-box;
display: -webkit-flex;
display: -moz-box;
display: -ms-flexbox;
display: flex;
-webkit-flex-align: center;
-ms-flex-align: center;
-webkit-align-items: center;
align-items: center;
This is an old solution but browser market shares have advanced enough that you may be able to get by without the IE hack part of it if you are not concerned about degrading for IE7. This works when you know the dimensions of the outer container but may or may not know the dimensions of the inner image.
.parent {
display: table;
height: 200px; /* can be percentages, too, like 100% */
width: 200px; /* can be percentages, too, like 100% */
}
.child {
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: middle;
margin: 0 auto;
}
<div class="parent">
<div class="child">
<img src="foo.png" alt="bar" />
</div>
</div>
easy
img {
transform: translate(50%,50%);
}
You can set position of image is align center horizontal by this
#imageId {
display: block;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right:auto;
}
I've been trying to get an image to be centered vertically and horizontally within a circle shape using hmtl and css.
After combining several points from this thread, here's what I came up with: jsFiddle
Here's another example of this within a three column layout: jsFiddle
CSS:
#circle {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: #A7A9AB;
-moz-border-radius: 50px;
-webkit-border-radius: 50px;
border-radius: 50px;
margin: 0 auto;
position: relative;
}
.images {
position: absolute;
margin: auto;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
}
HTML:
<div id="circle">
<img class="images" src="https://png.icons8.com/facebook-like-filled/ios7/50" />
</div>
You can center an image horizontally and vertically with the code below (works in IE/FF).
It will put the top edge of the image at exactly 50% of the browser height, and the margin-top(pulling half the height of the image up) will center it perfectly.
<style type="text/css">
#middle {position: absolute; top: 50%;} /* for explorer only*/
#middle[id] {vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;}
#inner {position: relative; top: -50%} /* for explorer only */
</style>
<body style="background-color:#eeeeee">
<div id="middle">
<div id="inner" align="center" style="margin-top:...px"> /* the number will be half the height of your image, so for example if the height is 500px then you will put 250px for the margin-top */
<img src="..." height="..." width="..." />
</div>
</div>
</body>
I love jumping on old bandwagons!
Here's a 2015 update to this answer. I started using CSS3 transform to do my dirty work for positioning. This allows you to not have to make any extra HTML, you don't have to do math (finding half-widths of things) you can use it on any element!
Here's an example (with fiddle at the end). Your HTML:
<div class="bigDiv">
<div class="smallDiv">
</div>
</div>
With accompanying CSS:
.bigDiv {
width:200px;
height:200px;
background-color:#efefef;
position:relative;
}
.smallDiv {
width:50px;
height:50px;
background-color:#cc0000;
position:absolute;
top:50%;
left:50%;
transform:translate(-50%, -50%);
}
What I do a lot these days is I will give a class to things I want centered and just re-use that class every time. For example:
<div class="bigDiv">
<div class="smallDiv centerThis">
</div>
</div>
css
.bigDiv {
width:200px;
height:200px;
background-color:#efefef;
position:relative;
}
.smallDiv {
width:50px;
height:50px;
background-color:#cc0000;
}
.centerThis {
position:absolute;
top:50%;
left:50%;
transform:translate(-50%, -50%);
}
This way, I will always be able to center something in it's container. You just have to make sure that the thing you want centered is in a container that has a position defined.
Here's a fiddle
BTW: This works for centering BIGGER divs inside SMALLER divs as well.
div {
position: absolute;
border: 3px solid green;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
}
img {
position: relative;
border: 3px solid red;
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
}
.center {
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
-ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%); /* IE 9 */
-webkit-transform: translate(-50%, -50%); /* Chrome, Safari, Opera */
}
<div class="center">
<img class="center" src="http://placeholders.org/250/000/fff" />
</div>
Related: Center a image
thanks to everyone else for the clues.
I used this method
div.image-thumbnail
{
width: 85px;
height: 85px;
line-height: 85px;
display: inline-block;
text-align: center;
}
div.image-thumbnail img
{
vertical-align: middle;
}
Use positioning. The following worked for me:
div{
display:block;
overflow:hidden;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
position: relative;
}
div img{
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
bottom: 50%;
right: 50%;
position: absolute;
}
Simply set image margin auto as shown below.
img{
margin:auto;
width:50%;
height:auto;
}
Check these example
.container {
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
float:left;
position:relative;
}
.children-with-img {
position: absolute;
width:50px;
height:50px;
left:50%;
top:50%;
transform:translate(-50%);
}
If you know the size of the parent div and the image, you can just use absolute positioning.