Setting CSS padding in negative - html

Consider the following HTML. I have a .wrap div which has left and right padding of 50px. Inside that div I have another div .full. I want to increase its default width by overcoming the padding of the .wrap.
I am setting its padding to -50px so that its width becomes equal to the width of the .wrap, but it does not work.
HTML:
<div class="wrap">
<div class="inner">
<div class="normal">xx</div>
<div class="full">should be same width (300px) as wrap</div>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
.wrap{
height: 500px;
width: 300px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 0 50px;
background: yellow;
}
.full{
background: orange;
padding: 0 -50px;
}
Demo:
http://jsfiddle.net/WDS6X/

In this case, you'd need to use margin, padding is used for space on the inside.
Using
margin: 0 -50px;
instead of the padding in the .full-div works like you wanted it to, here is the JSFiddle provided by nienn in the comments.
For further understanding, take a look at this SO thread containing a pretty nice explanation.

Related

How to make a margin like on Apple support site

I would like to have those margins on the left and right like Apple does on its support articles (example: support.apple.com/en-us/HT204306)
Now when I try to make it with the css elements margin-right and margin-left this kinda does not work as the content section must not vary in size but rather the margins.
my css:
.margin {margin-left: 400px; margin-right: 400px;}
It also dows not work when I set a width to the content section and make margin-left and right: auto;
my html:
<div class:"margin">
<p>test</p>
</div>
You could do it kind of this:
<div class="wrapper>
<div class="content">...</div>
</div>
<style>
.wrapper {
width: 100%
}
.content {
width: 800px;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
</style>
margin: 0 auto;
centers the .content div inside .wrapper.

CSS min-height adds to child element's bottom margin

I've been having a very weird CSS issue. Some of my pages have displayed an unexplained "space" between element. Inspecting the code shows that this space does not belong to any element.
I've narrowed it down, and I think I know why this issue is happening. But I wanted to know, under the hood, why it's happening.
The issue, I think, is that min-height: 50px in the #outer selector adds the bottom margin of #inner below #outer, which results in an the unexplained space mentioned above. If it were to be replaced with height: 50px the space would disappear.
This happens on Chrome but not FireFox.
My theory is that Chrome's CSS lays out the elements first then checks if min-height requirement is met. If not, then it extends the height of the div, pushing the "unexplained space" along with it. It essential copied, or inherited, the bottom margin of the child element. I think this only happens to the bottom margin though.
I've tried two tests of this theory, adding padding: 1px; and adding overflow: hidden; they both cause the height of the div to include it's child and thus gets rid of the issue. Although, I think in the case of overflow: hidden it's more cutting off the overflown content.
But I'm no CSS expert, all this is just speculation on my part, which is why I wanted to pose this as a question :)
Here's the code
#outer {
background-color: blue;
min-height: 100px;
}
#inner {
background-color: red;
height: 50px;
margin-bottom: 50px;
}
#bottom {
background-color: green;
height: 50px;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">
</div>
</div>
<div id="bottom">
</div>
This occurs due to margin collapsing - specifically the margin-bottom of inner collapses to become the margin-bottom of the outer element.
Solution:
Give a border to the outer element to prevent the margin collapsing - see demo below:
#outer {
background-color: blue;
min-height: 100px;
border: 1px solid blue;
}
#inner {
background-color: red;
height: 50px;
margin-bottom: 50px;
}
#bottom {
background-color: green;
height: 50px;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">
</div>
</div>
<div id="bottom">
</div>

Floating div is escaping parent div

I set a width & height to the parent images div. There are two child divs inside of it called image_one and image_two with a set width. The problem is that when I reduce the width of the viewport, the image_two div escapes the parent div and comes under the image_one div. How do I keep this div from escaping? I figured that setting a percentage width would automatically resize the div to stay inside of the parent div. When I set an overflow:hidden, both of the divs disappear.
Here is a link to the code:
http://codepen.io/matosmtz/pen/ZGpNmy
<div class="images">
<div class="image_one">
<p style="background-color:red; text-align:center">Photo</p>
</div>
<div class="image_two">
<p style="background-color:red; text-align:center">Photo</p>
</div>
</div>
.images {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 220px;
}
.image_one {
width: 30%;
height: 200px;
position: relative;
background-color: black;
padding: 5px;
float: left;
margin: 5px;
}
.image_two {
width: 30%;
height: 200px;
position: relative;
background-color: black;
padding: 5px;
float: left;
margin: 5px;
}
The .images div is 100% width. This includes the sidebar on your codepen.
The child divs are 30%, but this means 30% of the whole space. So when you reduce the size of the browser, eventually they are big enough to need to slide under one another, because your .sidebar has a fixed width of 200px.
I would suggest having a look at how the Bootstrap CSS works in order to find your fix for this, or straight out using that.

Float-left disabled padding

Two divs are side by side, one is floating left with a width of 25%, the other just has a width of 75%. But when padding is applied on the right hand div, the padding doesn't work properly.
Here is a JSfiddle example:
http://jsfiddle.net/88upt/
<div id="top">
</div>
<div id="middle">
</div>
<div id="bottom">
</div>
CSS
#top {
float: left;
background-color: green;
width: 25%;
height: 100%;
}
#middle {
background-color: blue;
padding: 30px;
min-height: 30%;
}
#bottom {
background-color: red;
min-height: 70%;
}
Can someone explain to me why this is happening?
Thanks
Floating something is kind of like making it's position absolute. It will hover on top of it's neighboring containers. Add a margin-left equal to the width of the floated element to make the container the correct width.
http://jsfiddle.net/88upt/4/
#middle {
background-color: blue;
padding: 30px;
min-height: 30%;
margin-left:25%
}
EDIT Elaborating a bit more.
The floated element pushes the content of the sibling elements over. It will not push the left side of the content's element over. The padding is there it's just hidden by the floating element.
Add overflow = "auto" in the #middle.
#middle {
background-color: blue;
padding: 30px;
min-height: 30%;
overflow: auto;
}
In this way, you don't need to know the width of floating element.
Width doesn't factor in padding.
Source: http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_boxmodel.asp
The width only applies to content, not padding, border, or margin.
You can find more information here.

Div Expand to Visually Fill Vertical Space

I have a page that has a header, content, and footer. The header and footer are of fixed height, and I'd like the content to adjust its height so that it fits dynamically between the header and footer. I am planning to put a background-image in my content, so it is critical that it actually fills the rest of the unoccupied vertical space.
I used the Sticky Footer approach to ensure that the footer remains on the bottom of the page. This however does not make the content span the entire height of the remaining space.
I have tried several solutions which involved me adding height:100%, height:auto; position:relative but it did not work.
html,
body {
height: 100%;
background-color: yellow;
}
header {
width: 100%;
height: 150px;
background-color: blue;
}
header nav ul li {
display: inline;
padding: 0 30px 0 0;
float: left;
}
#wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 0 -30px 0;
/* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
position: relative;
}
#wrapper #content {
background-color: pink;
width: 400px;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 0 -30px 100px;
padding: 25px 30px 25px 30px;
}
footer {
margin: -30px 0 0 0;
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
background-color: green;
}
<div id="wrapper">
<header>
<div id="logo"></div>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>About</li>
<li>Menu</li>
<li>Specials</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<div id="content">
content
<br>goes
<br>here
</div>
</div>
<footer>footer</footer>
The trick about height:100% is that it requires all of the parent containers to be have their heights set as well. Here's an html example
<html>
<body>
<div id="container">
</div>
</body>
</html>
in order for the container div with a height set to 100% to expand dynamically to the height of the window you need to make sure that the body and html elements have their heights set to 100% as well. so...
html
{
height: 100%;
}
body
{
height: 100%;
}
#container
{
height: 100%;
}
would give you a container that expands to fit your window. then if you need to have footer or header that floats above this window you can do so with z indexing. This is the only solution I've found that fills the vertical height dynamically.
I'm providing a slightly more general solution so it is more useful for others reading this answer and wondering how to apply it to their site.
Assuming you have three divs:
<div id='header'></div>
<div id='contents'></div>
<div id='footer'></div>
where #header is fixed and may have variable height, #contents should consume all remaining vertical space and #footer is fixed and may have variable height you can do:
/* Note you could add a container div instead of using the body */
body {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
#header {
flex: none;
}
#contents {
flex: 1;
height: 100%;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
#footer {
flex: none;
}
Note that this will allow the contents to scroll vertically to show it's whole contents.
You can read more about display:flex here.
Try changing your css to this:
html,
body {
height: 100%;
background-color: yellow;
}
header {
width: 100%;
height: 150px;
background-color: blue;
}
header nav ul li {
display: inline;
padding: 0 30px 0 0;
float: left;
}
#wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 0 -30px 0;
/* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
position: relative;
}
#content {
background-color: pink;
width: 400px;
padding: 25px 30px 25px 30px;
position: absolute;
bottom: 30px;
top: 150px;
margin-left: 100px;
}
footer {
margin: -30px 0 0 0;
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
background-color: green;
}
<div id="wrapper">
<header>
<div id="logo"></div>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>About</li>
<li>Menu</li>
<li>Specials</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<div id="content">
content
<br>goes
<br>here
</div>
</div>
<footer>footer</footer>
You probably don't want to be setting the width, padding, margins, ect. of the wrapper. Also, with absolute positioning you can pull the bottom and top of the content to where you want them.
Here's what you are after, I think.
I spend several hours trying to figure this out too and finally have a robust solution without hacks. However, it requires CSS3, which requires a modern browser to support it. So, if this constraint works for you, then I have a real solution for you that works.
http://jsfiddle.net/u9xh4z74/
Copy this code into your own file if you need proof, as the JSFiddle will not actually render the flexbox correctly as embedded code.
Basically, you need to
- set the target container to 100% height, which you seem to already know
- the parent container you set display: flex and flex-direction: vertical (you'll see in the JSFiddle I've also included the alternate styles that do the same thing but are needed for cross browser support)
- you can let the header and footer be their natural heights and dont need to specify anything in that regard
- in the container you want to fill up the remaining space, set flex: 1. You're set! You'll see it works exactly as you semantically have intended. Also in the JSFiddle, I included overflow: auto to demonstrate that if you have even more text than the screen can handle, scrolling works as you would want it to.
<div style="display:flex; flex-direction:vertical;">
...header(s)...
<div style="flex: 1; overflow: auto;">
As much content as you want.
</div>
...footer(s)...
</div>
As a side note, I pursued the option of trying to do this same thing using display: table. It works just fine as well, except that overflowed content does not work as you would expect, instead overflowed content simply expands the container to the size of the content, which I'm pretty sure is not what you want. Enjoy!
Use display:table and display:table-row
Set height:0 for normal divs and height:auto for div that should fill vertical space. Insert a div with {height:100%; overflow-y:auto} into the vertical filler to if the containers height shouldn't expand beyond its preset height.
Behold the power of display:table!
<div style="height:300px;">
<div style="display:table; height:100%; width:100%;border: 1px solid blue;">
<div style="display: table-row; height:0; padding:2px; background-color:yellow;">
Hello
</div>
<div style="display: table-row; height:auto; padding:2px; background-color:green;">
<div style="height:100%; overflow: auto;">
<div style="height: 500px"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="display: table-row; height:0; padding:2px; background-color:yellow;">
Gbai
</div>
</div>
</div>
There is no 100% height from 100% continer height exactly. You can't solve it this way. Likewise while using mix of height + margin + padding. This is way straight to hell. I suggest you to take a look for tutorials which are sloving this page layout.