Layer Ordering in leaflet.js - gis

Question

How can I force a new layer added to the map in Leaflet to be the first over the basemap?
I could not find a method to easily change the order of the layers, which is a very basic GIS feature. Am I missing something?

Answer 1

A Leaflet map consists of a collection of "Panes" whose view order is controlled using z-index. Each pane contains a collection of Layers The default pane display order is tiles->shadows->overlays->markers->popups. Like Etienne described, you can control the display order of Paths within the overlays pane by calling bringToFront() or bringToBack(). L.FeatureGroup also has these methods so you can change the order of groups of overlays at once if you need to.
If you want to change the display order of a whole pane then you just change the z-index of the pane using CSS.
If you want to add a new Map pane...well I'm not sure how to do that yet.
http://leafletjs.com/reference.html#map-panes
http://leafletjs.com/reference.html#featuregroup

Answer 2

According to Leaflet API, you can use bringToFront or bringToBack on any layers to brings that layer to the top or bottom of all path layers.
Etienne

Answer 3

For a bit more detail, Bobby Sudekum put together a fantastic demo showing manipulation of pane z-index. I use it as a starting point all the time.
Here's the key code:
var topPane = L.DomUtil.create('div', 'leaflet-top-pane', map.getPanes().mapPane);
var topLayer = L.mapbox.tileLayer('bobbysud.map-3inxc2p4').addTo(map);
topPane.appendChild(topLayer.getContainer());
topLayer.setZIndex(7);

Answer 4

Had to solve this recently, but stumbled upon this question.
Here is a solution that does not rely on CSS hacks and works with layer groups. It essentially removes and re-adds layers in the desired order.
I submit this as a better "best practice" than the current answer. It shows how to manage the layers and re-order them, which is also useful for other contexts. The current method uses the layer Title to identify which layer to re-order, but you can easily modify it to use an index or a reference to the actual layer object.
Improvements, comments, and edits are welcome and encouraged.
JS Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/ob1h4uLm/
Or scroll down and click "Run code snippet" and play with it. I set the initial zoom level to a point that should help illustrate the layerGroup overlap effect.
function LeafletHelper() {
// Create the map
var map = L.map('map').setView([39.5, -0.5], 4);
// Set up the OSM layer
var baseLayer = L.tileLayer(
'http://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png', {
maxZoom: 18
}).addTo(map);
var baseLayers = {
"OSM tiles": baseLayer
};
this.map = map;
this.BaseLayers = {
"OSM tiles": baseLayer
};
this.LayersControl = L.control.layers(baseLayers).addTo(map);
this.Overlays = [];
this.AddOverlay = function (layerOptions, markers) {
var zIndex = this.Overlays.length;
var layerGroup = L.layerGroup(markers).addTo(map);
this.LayersControl.addOverlay(layerGroup, layerOptions.title);
this.Overlays.push({
zIndex: zIndex,
LeafletLayer: layerGroup,
Options: layerOptions,
InitialMarkers: markers,
Title: layerOptions.title
});
return layerGroup;
}
this.RemoveOverlays = function () {
for (var i = 0, len = this.Overlays.length; i < len; i++) {
var layer = this.Overlays[i].LeafletLayer;
this.map.removeLayer(layer);
this.LayersControl.removeLayer(layer);
}
this.Overlays = [];
}
this.SetZIndexByTitle = function (title, zIndex) {
var _this = this;
// remove overlays, order them, and re-add in order
var overlays = this.Overlays; // save reference
this.RemoveOverlays();
this.Overlays = overlays; // restore reference
// filter overlays and set zIndex (may be multiple if dup title)
overlays.forEach(function (item, idx, arr) {
if (item.Title === title) {
item.zIndex = zIndex;
}
});
// sort by zIndex ASC
overlays.sort(function (a, b) {
return a.zIndex - b.zIndex;
});
// re-add overlays to map and layers control
overlays.forEach(function (item, idx, arr) {
item.LeafletLayer.addTo(_this.map);
_this.LayersControl.addOverlay(item.LeafletLayer, item.Title);
});
}
}
window.helper = new LeafletHelper();
AddOverlays = function () {
// does not check for dups.. for simple example purposes only
helper.AddOverlay({
title: "Marker A"
}, [L.marker([36.83711, -2.464459]).bindPopup("Marker A")]);
helper.AddOverlay({
title: "Marker B"
}, [L.marker([36.83711, -3.464459]).bindPopup("Marker B")]);
helper.AddOverlay({
title: "Marker C"
}, [L.marker([36.83711, -4.464459]).bindPopup("Marker c")]);
helper.AddOverlay({
title: "Marker D"
}, [L.marker([36.83711, -5.464459]).bindPopup("Marker D")]);
}
AddOverlays();
var z = helper.Overlays.length;
ChangeZIndex = function () {
helper.SetZIndexByTitle(helper.Overlays[0].Title, z++);
}
ChangeZIndexAnim = function () {
StopAnim();
var stuff = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'];
var idx = 0;
var ms = 200;
window.tt = setInterval(function () {
var title = "Marker " + stuff[idx++ % stuff.length];
helper.SetZIndexByTitle(title, z++);
}, ms);
}
StopAnim = function () {
if (window.tt) clearInterval(window.tt);
}
#map {
height: 400px;
}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://cdn.leafletjs.com/leaflet-0.6.4/leaflet.css">
<script type='text/javascript' src="http://cdn.leafletjs.com/leaflet-0.6.4/leaflet.js"></script>
<div id="map"></div>
<input type='button' value='Remove overlays' onclick='helper.RemoveOverlays();' />
<input type='button' value='Add overlays' onclick='AddOverlays();' />
<input type='button' value='Move bottom marker to top' onclick='ChangeZIndex();' />
<input type='button' value='Change z Index (Animated)' onclick='ChangeZIndexAnim();' />
<input type='button' value='Stop animation' onclick='StopAnim();' />

Answer 5

I've found this fix (css):
.leaflet-map-pane {
z-index: 2 !important;
}
.leaflet-google-layer {
z-index: 1 !important;
}
found it here: https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/44598/leaflet-google-map-baselayer-markers-not-visible