They say, that a single picture can explain more than a tousand words, so here's my "more": http://www.imagebanana.com/view/hcqsz5fs/cols.png
My goal is to have the columns as shown on the image, with them together having 100% body width.
And my fiddle is here: http://jsfiddle.net/c2JH3/ (note that this is just a mockup of my current work).
How can I achieve this?
A Quick Note
In your comments, you are saying that you can't use a background image because the height is variable.
The way to fix this is using multiple images, and tell them to repeat or not to repeat on different parts of the page. But I'll go over this after I answer your question directly.
Short Answer
To get 100% body width, you'll want to use percentages (%) on for your width rules. Like this:
#left {
width: 60%;
}
#right {
width: 40%;
}
Fixing Some Problems
One problem you are bound to encounter when you have content that passes the bottom of the screen. In this case, you need to tell the divs to stay side by side.
This should do the trick:
#left {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 60%;
}
#right {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
width: 40%;
}
Back to the Note
Believe me, you don't want to be using percentages on your widths. It makes sizing and scaling extremely hard to design nicely, and changes that you try to make in the future probably won't work without a complete redesign of your css.
Like I was saying before, you want to use multiple images. You'll have background image on the body tag that - going by the design you provided - has the gray-to-orange fade in it. The css would look like this:
body {
background-image: url('path/to/header.jpg') no-repeat;
}
You would then have a wrapper div like the one you already have, that holds the content and such. Inside the wrapper you have:
A header (the logo and navbar), which would have no background (so you can see the body background).
A featured section which holds that really big image in the middle. You can use negative margins to get it centered.
A subnav section for those images in the middle. This would have it's own background image that has a matching part of the background of the body so that it appears to flow in as the image does.
A content section that holds all of the content of the page. This would have an image repeating vertically to look continuous.
#content {
background-image: url('path/to/slice.jpg') repeat-y;
}
A subfooter section that has the curved part of the page (that gray-to-orange curve at the bottom).
And finally a footer section that has all the stuff on the very bottom.
You can use the same structure on the inner pages, you would just use different images and spacing to change the look of the page.
To Sum Up
You will never, ever need to have a 100% width for your wrapping div. (I say this to generalize, there are certain styles that use this, but they aren't the same kind of design).
What you should always try to do first is create images for the body, header, content, and footer sections that create the look you want.
Then have your wrap be a set width in pixels that will stay in the center of the page, while the margins increase and reveal more of the background image.
Have fun and good luck with your design!
I don't know how to use fiddle. But this worked out fine for me.
I just used the background colors and borders to properly show the differences
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>xxx</title>
<style>
body{
margin: 0;
}
#wrap {
width: 100%;
}
#left {
width: 600px;
float: right;
border: 1px solid #000000;
}
#right {
width: 350px;
border: 1px solid #000000;
}
#container_left {
width: 55%;
float: left;
background: red;
}
#container_right {
width: 45%;
float: right;
background: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrap">
<div id="container_left">
<div id="left">
<p>Content</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="container_right">
<aside id="right">
<p>Sidebar</p>
</aside>
</div>
</div>
</body>
Cheers!
Thank you all for your answers and ideas. They were helpful and I did learn something new (my biggest 'thank you' goes to #Jon for a really great, great post). But, since I can't solve this neither with percents nor backgrounds (since my design is a little more complicated that the one provided), I made my way with jQuery. To sum up, here's my mockup fiddle.
Note: sometimes you'll need to change left 125 to 126, just to make sure both ends meet.
Related
This seems to be the most perplexing issue of all time, at least for me. Knowing that this page, aside from the header is broken - I have copied the HTML and tried to carefully remove the WordPress related jazz so you get the html of the page.
JsBin Live Page
What I want you to focus on is the footer sitting in the middle of the page. I remove position:absolute and it sort of moves down.... It needs to stay at the bottom of the page.
This is position:fixed this is the only way it stay at the bottom, but see how the footer follows you? I don't want that.
You might say, do min-height: 100% That is not what I want either because then the container, row and column classes that have height of 100% do not work.
What I am trying to accomplish is: this type of layout. But as you can see the footer rides up...
Yes I have tried position:relative as well: check out position:Relative
So as you can see The Live page I linked you too, from everythin gI read on the internet is the right way to achieve this type of layout., How ever I must be doing something wrong ...
Update 1
Before you suggest I am missing divs, I have validated through a div checker for all of MY example and the divs are correct. I am not missing any divs. This is a pure css issue
Before you mark this a duplicate of x, y and z - I have provided three examples of the positions I have tried and none of them has worked:
position:absolute
position:relative
position:fixed - Not what I want. The footer MUST stay at the bottom of the page.
Finally, as stated min-height: 100% on the wrapper (or any other element) is not acceptable as an answer unless you can specify how I can achieve this type of layout.
The way i usually do this, is to add position: relative to html and position: absolute to the footer itself.
The main disadvantage that you have to set margin-bottom=footer-height for the body
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
html {
position: relative;
min-height: 100%;
}
body {
margin-bottom: 100px; // is equal to footer height
}
.footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100px;
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="footer">footer</div>
</body>
</html>
See the result https://jsfiddle.net/jy0gsgm4/
Removing height:100% from wrapper stops the spacing below the footer.
This is happening because the total height is the 100% wrapper and the height of the navbar. I would suggest putting the navbar into the wrapper div.
I'm a fan of this method.
display: inline-block;
Pretty self explanatory. HTML (Demo)
<div class="verycoolwrapper">
<!-- tons of cool stuff on page -->
<footer id="footerstay">Blah | Blah2 | Hey | Click Here | Copyright 2090</footer>
</div><!-- // end wrapper -->
CSS: (Demo)
.verycoolwrapper {
width: 960px;
background: pink;
margin: 0 auto;
position: relative; // child elements relative to this, no height needed
}
#footerstay {
// your styles
width: 100%;
height: 150px;
background: #ccc;
display: inline-block;
}
Also, alternately; clear float should work for you.
Background:
I'm trying to visualize the structure for my future pages and containers in the full screen.
Current JSFiddle:
Available here.
<div class="top">top</div>
<div class="middleleft">left</div>
<div class="center">center</div>
<div class="middleright">right</div>
<div class="bottom">bottom</div>
.top
{
background-color: yellow;
height: 20%;
}
.middleleft
{
float: left;
background-color: blue;
width: 20%;
}
.center
{
float: left;
background-color: white;
width: 60%;
margin: auto;
height: 60%;
}
.middleright
{
float:left;
background-color: red;
width: 20%;
}
.bottom
{
height: 20%;
background-color: green;
}
Problem:
For some reason, even with height defined on the CSS, it does not fill the entire screen to the bottom, linking only enough background color height and width until the text ends.
Need:
What code change is needed to fill the screen to the dimensions it has (like the 60% width on the center div), without having to write characters to the bottom to fill out the div on the screen?
Code type restrictions:
I do not wish to use JavaScript or JQuery in the solution, only CSS and HTML.
Many Thanks
JSFIDDLE CODE
I added this:
html, body {height:100%;}
Then I set your center div to height 100% (and made it pink so it can be seen more easily).
EDIT: I left your side divs alone as I'm not sure what you want to do with those, but I hope this helps.
Wrap the top/center/bottom content into one class allowing the left/right divs to merely sit outside of the wrapper.
This can be achieved, but I think you need to ask yourself why you want to do this. Today, with mobile there is no standard screen size, so a full screen for one screen is not going to be a full screen for another.
Instead, why not try adding some real content to your proposed structure and see how it stacks up then?
Or, if it's purely for mockup purposes, then maybe use some graphics software where it's much easier and quicker to move things around.
I've been presented with the following layout:
where:
A = header, width: 100%
B = page content, max-width: 960px; margin: 0 auto
C = footer, width: 100%
The problem I've got is with the H1. The design has a background to the H1 which comes in from the very far left of the screen and stretches all the way across to line up with the right hand side of the content below. If the browser window is less than 960px then obviously it just appears as a solid bar stretching across the whole screen.
I'm genuinely at a loss for how to even start this. I thought about some kind of negative left margin + padding left but without knowing a fixed size it's hard to rely on percentages to accurately line up the elements.
The closest I think I've come to a solution is to have a massive background image which is centred on the H1, or maybe on a container surrounding the H1. Not ideal as it's just a solid colour so to use an image goes against my moral judgement.
Any ideas? Here's the structure of the page:
<header>
<h1>This is my title</h1>
</header>
<article></article>
<footer></footer>
CSS
header,
footer {
width: 100%;
min-height: 100px;
background: #eee;
overflow: hidden;
}
article {
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: 500px;
height: 100px;
background: #ddd;
}
h1 {
margin: 30px auto;
width: 500px;
background: #bbb;
}
There are several ways you could try and do this.
A jQuery solution would provide the most accurate result, but it's abit heavy for this kind of problem, and I personally don't like using Javascript for something that's a CSS problem.
You could do some kind of trick with a background image, you might have to depending on your actual design, but as far as a single background colour, I'd probably solve the problem with an element positioned behind the header with a negative margin-top, and a set width of 50% (That way it should always remain hidden behind your header). All you'll need to do is match up its height and margin-top to blend it in with the header.
.header-botch {
background: #bbb;
height:37px;
width:50%;
margin-top:-67px;
}
http://jsfiddle.net/duFnR/1/
If for some reason you hate the idea of using a negative margin, you could position: absolute the element instead
http://jsfiddle.net/duFnR/2/
Why not use jQuery and calculate H1.width = (B offset left) + B.outerWidth() ?
A solution which doesn't involve images appears to be wrapping the H1 in something and applying a background gradient to that element, see the fiddle. I've made the H1 background green to make it more obvious which background colour is which.
Pros:
Ability to manage the colour in CSS
The height is variable based on the height of the H1 allowing for multi-lines if necessary
Cons:
The width must be set no greater than that of the H1, otherwise on very thin windows it will appear out the other side. Also it has the weird behaviour of disappearing completely once the specified width has been reached (not a problem when smaller because you won't see it disappear).
On very large windows, the width will not be enough and a gap will appear on the left of the H1.
Code
<div class="h1Wrapper">
<h1>This is my title</h1>
</div>
CSS
.h1Wrapper {
/*background: #bbb;*/
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, #BBBBBB 300px, #FFFFFF 300px);
background-position: center;
}
h1 {
margin: 30px auto;
width: 500px;
background: lime;
}
Edit 2: It seems clear that no one seems to be able to understand what I'm asking, so I'll try to illustrate it;
The area in the center has the id #navigation. This has the following CSS properties,
width: 960px;
margin: auto;
background: #e4bd04;
The reason it has a width of 960px, is because I would like the links in my navigational bar to remain within a 960px limit. I'd also like them centered, so I apply margin: auto. However, this means that my background only flows for 960px. I'd like the background to flow for the entire window width (100% of page), so that users with larger screens don't end a huge chunk of white space at the top.
In order to prevent this, I nest #navigation into another id, #navouter, to which I apply width: 100%; and background: #e4bd04;, so that the background now appears to extend for the entire width of the window.
Is there any way to do this without using two elements as I've done?
I've undestood, you don't want to have 2 div to center another div with fixed width, isn't it ?
I don't think that you'll love it, but this is a solution :
.nav {
width:960px;
position:absolute;
left:50%;
margin-left:-480px; // width / 2
}
<body>
<div class="nav">Test content</div>
</body>
Result for 300px div : http://jsfiddle.net/7GTCc/1/
Or another, really ugly (lol) :
.nav {width:960px;}
<center>
<div class="nav">Test content</div>
</center>
Edit regarding your illustration
"Is there any way to do this without using two elements as I've done?"
No :-)
But if you only want the background to be 100%, don't specify a background (color or url) to your #navigation.
Last try to answer, test this :
#navigation {
min-width:960px;
text-align:center;
}
Demo here : http://jsfiddle.net/7GTCc/3/
you could use min-width property , dont know what exactly you are looking for
<div style="min-width:960px; width:100%"></div?
Yes, this is easy to do without additional markup. Use the ::before pseudo-element for the expanding part of the navigation.
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/ThinkingStiff/eAf7w/
HTML:
<div id="nav">navigation</div>
CSS:
#nav {
background: #6D7B8D;
height: 40px;
margin: 0 auto;
width: 400px;
}
#nav::before {
background-color: lightblue;
content: '\00a0';
display: block;
height: 40px;
left: 0;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
z-index: -1;
}
I have spent hours looking for a solution and cannot find anything on this particular issue, so please forgive me if it has been answered.
I have a standard CSS page with a masthead, a navigation row, a left column for links, a right column for contents and a footer.
I have set everything to the center of the page at 1024px wide.
What I just cannot achieve is to have the 2 columns stay at the same height when one has longer content than the other.
Let me explain this - both columns have a 1px border that I would like to extend all the way down to the footer. The right column has much longer content so it reaches the footer very quickly but the left column doesn't so the border stops, where the links finish.
To fix this problem I have set the heights to 100% in the html, body, container and the two columns as follows:
html {
height: 100%;
}
body {
height: 100%;
}
#masthead {
width: 1024px;
height:100px;
margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;
}
#top_nav {
width: 1024px;
height:100px;
margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;
}
#container {
width: 1024px;
height:100%;
margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;
}
#left_col {
width: 198px;
float: Left;
height: 100%;
border: 1px solid #FF0000;
}
#page_content {
margin-left: 200px;
width: 824px;
height: 100%;
border: 1px solid #000000;
}
#footer {
bottom: 0px;
clear: both;
width: 1024px;
height: 50px;
margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;
border: 1px solid #000060;
}
This works BUT now the content of the right column (which is much longer) goes way past the footer? and no matter what I try I cannot fix this without affecting the left column's border i.e. I can use min-height: 100%; which fixes the overflow and footer problem, BUT this has the side effect of capping the border on the left column back to the Navigation link's height i.e. so the border no longer flows to the bottom of the left column and down to the footer (grrrhhh!)
Here is a link to the page itself which you can copy and paste into DW or EW etc. to see what's going on:
http://www.iifuture.org/downloads/testzzz.html
If anyone knows how to fix this paradox I'd love to know about it!
Thanks
Shaun
Actually scratch that : remove the height:100% on the container, left col and page content. That's it.
Edit(revised answer after discussions)
This article helps.
style="background: blue url(someimage.png) repeat-y left;"
Add the above style to container. This is a hack, the DIV doesn't grow but the background image covers it up to get the layout you want!
Please refer this question and answer selected to learn more.
Original answer
Please take a look at overflow property. I was able to get your example page working with the below style added to page_content DIV.
position:absolute;overflow:auto;
With this code the scrollbars appear if the content exceed the height set. If you do not want to get the scrollbars and are okay with not showing the data beyond the DIV height, just use hidden instead of auto. Likewise, to display the scrollbars at all times, you may use scroll.
The last option visible will make it *(mis)*behave the way it is behaving right now i.e. letting the data grow beyond the DIV height. Notice that the DIV is not growing, only the content is.