output function result in powershell write-host - function

i'm attempting to write the result of the
$x = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($name) statement into my write-host string but am encounter some issues with getting the result from the function into the output.
here's the relevant code:
Import-Module activedirectory
function fu($name)
{
$x = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($name).value
if ($x -ne $null){
Write-Host{ $x }
}
else{
Write-Host{"Null"}
}
}
Get-ADComputer -SearchBase 'OU=CorpServers,DC=corp,DC=com,DC=net' -Server "corp.com.net" -Filter * -Properties * |ForEach-Object{write-host "add filter filterlist=""L2-Windows Servers"" srcaddr=any dstaddr=$(fu $_.Name) description=""$($_.Name)"""}
currently it just outputs the string as is, but when it reaches the fu subexpression seems to not properly perform the logic and only outputs "$x" literally, where my intent was to have it output the IP of the current obj in the foreach-object statement.

It's because you put $x in curly brackets {}.
Just do Write-Host $x

I expand a bit the code for the explanation but try this :
function fu($name)
{
$res = $null
$x = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($name)
if ($x -ne $null)
{
$res = $x
}
return $res
}
$a = fu "localhost"
$a
$a.gettype().fullname
It does what you want, $a is an array of data. But you have to understand that the following functions gives different results
function fu($name)
{
$res = $null
$x = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($name)
if ($x -ne $null)
{
$res = $x
}
Write-Host $res
}
Clear-Host
$a = fu "localhost"
$a
$a | Get-Member
The las one give again the good result. return and write-out both write data in the output of the function. Write-host just write to the host.
function fu($name)
{
$res = $null
$x = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($name)
if ($x -ne $null)
{
$res = $x
}
Write-output $res
}
Clear-Host
$a = fu "localhost"
$a
$a | Get-Member

[System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses(<<hostname>>) | Get-Member does not show any value property ?
You may try this function instead.

Related

What is the good way to read data from CSV and converting them to JSON?

I am trying to read the data from CSV file which has 2200000 records using PowerShell and storing each record in JSON file, but this takes almost 12 hours.
Sample CSV Data:
We will only concern about the 1st column value's.
Code:
function Read-IPData
{
$dbFilePath = Get-ChildItem -Path $rootDir -Filter "IP2*.CSV" | ForEach-Object{ $_.FullName }
Write-Host "file path - $dbFilePath"
Write-Host "Reading..."
$data = Get-Content -Path $dbFilePath | Select-Object -Skip 1
Write-Host "Reading data finished"
$count = $data.Count
Write-host "Total $count records found"
return $data
}
function Convert-NumbetToIP
{
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$number
)
try
{
$w = [int64]($number/16777216)%256
$x = [int64]($number/65536)%256
$y = [int64]($number/256)%256
$z = [int64]$number%256
$ipAddress = "$w.$x.$y.$z"
Write-Host "IP Address - $ipAddress"
return $ipAddress
}
catch
{
Write-Host "$_"
continue
}
}
Write-Host "Getting IP Addresses from $dbFileName"
$data = Read-IPData
Write-Host "Checking whether output.json file exist, if not create"
$outputFile = Join-Path -Path $rootDir -ChildPath "output.json"
if(!(Test-Path $outputFile))
{
Write-Host "$outputFile doestnot exist, creating..."
New-Item -Path $outputFile -type "file"
}
foreach($item in $data)
{
$row = $item -split ","
$ipNumber = $row[0].trim('"')
Write-Host "Converting $ipNumber to ipaddress"
$toIpAddress = Convert-NumbetToIP -number $ipNumber
Write-Host "Preparing document JSON"
$object = [PSCustomObject]#{
"ip-address" = $toIpAddress
"is-vpn" = "true"
"#timestamp" = (Get-Date).ToString("o")
}
$document = $object | ConvertTo-Json -Compress -Depth 100
Write-Host "Adding document - $document"
Add-Content -Path $outputFile $document
}
Could you please help optimize the code or is there a better way to do it. or is there a way like multi-threading.
Here is a possible optimization:
function Get-IPDataPath
{
$dbFilePath = Get-ChildItem -Path $rootDir -Filter "IP2*.CSV" | ForEach-Object FullName | Select-Object -First 1
Write-Host "file path - $dbFilePath"
$dbFilePath # implicit output
}
function Convert-NumberToIP
{
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$number
)
[Int64] $numberInt = 0
if( [Int64]::TryParse( $number, [ref] $numberInt ) ) {
if( ($numberInt -ge 0) -and ($numberInt -le 0xFFFFFFFFl) ) {
# Convert to IP address like '192.168.23.42'
([IPAddress] $numberInt).ToString()
}
}
# In case TryParse() returns $false or the number is out of range for an IPv4 address,
# the output of this function will be empty, which converts to $false in a boolean context.
}
$dbFilePath = Get-IPDataPath
$outputFile = Join-Path -Path $rootDir -ChildPath "output.json"
Write-Host "Converting CSV file $dbFilePath to $outputFile"
$object = [PSCustomObject]#{
'ip-address' = ''
'is-vpn' = 'true'
'#timestamp' = ''
}
# Enclose foreach loop in a script block to be able to pipe its output to Set-Content
& {
foreach( $item in [Linq.Enumerable]::Skip( [IO.File]::ReadLines( $dbFilePath ), 1 ) )
{
$row = $item -split ','
$ipNumber = $row[0].trim('"')
if( $ip = Convert-NumberToIP -number $ipNumber )
{
$object.'ip-address' = $ip
$object.'#timestamp' = (Get-Date).ToString('o')
# Implicit output
$object | ConvertTo-Json -Compress -Depth 100
}
}
} | Set-Content -Path $outputFile
Remarks for improving performance:
Avoid Get-Content, especially for line-by-line processing it tends to be slow. A much faster alternative is the File.ReadLines method. To skip the header line, use the Linq.Enumerable.Skip() method.
There is no need to read the whole CSV into memory first. Using ReadLines in a foreach loop does lazy enumeration, i. e. it reads only one line per loop iteration. This works because it returns an enumerator instead of a collection of lines.
Avoid try and catch if exceptions occur often, because the "exceptional" code path is very slow. Instead use Int64.TryParse() which returns a boolean indicating successful conversion.
Instead of "manually" converting the IP number to bytes, use the IPAddress class which has a constructor that takes an integer number. Use its method .GetAddressBytes() to get an array of bytes in network (big-endian) order. Finally use the PowerShell -join operator to create a string of the expected format.
Don't allocate a [pscustomobject] for each row, which has some overhead. Create it once before the loop and inside the loop only assign the values.
Avoid Write-Host (or any output to the console) within inner loops.
Unrelated to performance:
I've removed the New-Item call to create the output file, which isn't necessary because Set-Content automatically creates the file if it doesn't exist.
Note that the output is in NDJSON format, where each line is like a JSON file. In case you actually want this to be a regular JSON file, enclose the output in [ ] and insert a comma , between each row.
Modified processing loop to write a regular JSON file instead of NDJSON file:
& {
'[' # begin array
$first = $true
foreach( $item in [Linq.Enumerable]::Skip( [IO.File]::ReadLines( $dbFilePath ), 1 ) )
{
$row = $item -split ','
$ipNumber = $row[0].trim('"')
if( $ip = Convert-NumberToIP -number $ipNumber )
{
$object.'ip-address' = $ip
$object.'#timestamp' = (Get-Date).ToString('o')
$row = $object | ConvertTo-Json -Compress -Depth 100
# write array element delimiter if necessary
if( $first ) { $row; $first = $false } else { ",$row" }
}
}
']' # end array
} | Set-Content -Path $outputFile
You can optimize the function Convert-NumberToIP like below:
function Convert-NumberToIP {
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][uint32]$number
)
# either do the math yourself like this:
# $w = ($number -shr 24) -band 255
# $x = ($number -shr 16) -band 255
# $y = ($number -shr 8) -band 255
# $z = $number -band 255
# '{0}.{1}.{2}.{3}' -f $w, $x, $y, $z # output the dotted IP string
# or use .Net:
$n = ([IPAddress]$number).GetAddressBytes()
[array]::Reverse($n)
([IPAddress]$n).IPAddressToString
}

How to pass multiple domain and local user accounts into a function

I have a script that I have been trying to massage and I want to take a loop that was copied multiple times for each user and I want to turn it into a function.
I have figured out to pass multiple local users to the script and I have been able to pass one domain user to the script and have it work successfully.
But I want to be able to create a list of users and their domains (some have none)
and pipe that into the function automatically. I know I could just keep writing out the function with each username and password but If I can avoid that, that would be great
Function Launch-cfm {
Param (
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=0)]
[string] $username,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=1)]
[string] $domain
)
if ($domain -eq $tue) {
Stop-Process -name "autohotkey" -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
&$OutFile
$user = "$username"
$user_sam = ($members | foreach {$_.GetType().InvokeMember("Name", 'GetProperty', $null, $_, $null)}) -contains $user
if ($user_sam -eq $true) {
$user = "$username"
$account = $user
$PassFile = $CredPath+$user+,"_Password.txt"
$keyFile = $CredPath+$user+,".key"
$key = Get-content $keyFile
$cred = New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -ArgumentList $account, (Get-Content $PassFile | ConvertTo-SecureString -Key $key)
Write-Host "info to user about scripts actions."
C:
Start-Process -FilePath $mmcPath -ArgumentList $mscPath -Credential $cred;pause
} else { Write-Host "$user does not exist on this server!!!! Moving on...!
"}
} else {
Stop-Process -name "autohotkey" -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
&$OutFile
$user = "$username"
$user_sam2 = ($members | foreach {$_.GetType().InvokeMember("Name", 'GetProperty', $null, $_, $null)}) -contains $user
if ($user_sam2 -eq $true) {
$account = $domain+,"\"+$user
$PassFile = $CredPath+$user+,"_Password.txt"
$keyFile = $CredPath+$user+,".key"
$key = Get-content $keyFile
$cred = New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -ArgumentList $account, (Get-Content $PassFile | ConvertTo-SecureString -Key $key)
Write-Host "info to user about scripts actions"
Start-Process -FilePath $mmcPath -ArgumentList $mscPath -Credential $cred;pause
} else { Write-Host "$user does not exist on this server!!!! Moving on...!
"}
}
}
$use = "User1","user2"
$dom = "domain1",""
launch-cfm -username $use -domain $dom
any suggestion would be great. or to know if what I am asking is even possible.
Thanks.
What I think you are looking for is a never ending parameter. Give this a try.
Input: Launch-cfm -usernames "Drew","Cleadus","Stack" -domain "SuperDomain1337"
Function Launch-cfm {
Param (
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[string[]] $usernames,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[string] $domain
)
Foreach($user in $usernames){
Do-Magic
}
}
Reasoning:
I am not a fan of positional parameters, throw them where they feel right in the moment.
Using [string[]] instead of [string] means that it will put all values passed to it into an array for later use within the function. This current configuration allows for MULTIPLE users but only ONE domain. You can change that but would need to iterate over each domain and user at a time, unless specified within the script some how.
EG.
Foreach($dom -in $domain){
Foreach($user in $usernames){
Do-Magic
} Else {
Do-LessImpressiveMagic
}
}

How to use a variable to call the name of a row in a imported csv

function UpdateCSV
{
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$path,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$Row,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$exportpath,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$Delimiter
)
try{$csv = import-csv "$path" -Delimiter $Delimiter | Select-Object *,#{ Name= 'Department' ; Expression= {'Unkown'} },
#{ Name='Office' ; Expression= {'Unkown'} },
#{ Name= 'ADStatus' ; Expression= {'Unkown'} }
}
catch{break}
$result = foreach($user in $csv){
$userrow = $user.$row
write-host "$userrow"
$Username = $userrow.trim()
$ADUser = get-aduser -Filter {name -like $Username -or CN -like $Username -or sAMAccountType -like $Username} -Properties * -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if(!$ADUser){
$user.Department = "No ADUser"
$user.Office = "No ADUser"
$user.ADStatus = "No ADUser"
}
else{
$user.$row = $Username
if($ADUser.department -gt $null){$user.Department = $ADUser.department}
else{$user.Department = "Empty"}
if($ADUser.office -gt $null){$user.office = $ADUser.office}
else{$user.Office = "Empty"}
$user.ADStatus = $ADUser.enabled
}
$user
}
$result | export-csv "$exportpath" -Delimiter ";" -ErrorAction Stop
}
What I am trying to do is let a parameter reference the name of the row where I have the users name but when i user "$user.$row" it doesn't work and in the write-host section it writes out the full column instead of only the row I specify in $row
But if I instead hardcode $userrow = "$user.example" it works directly and in the write-host section it only writes out the that value instead all of the column
So the question is how do I call upon a row that i have the name of in a variable.
This is the first time writing something that will be used by others than me, so please do point out if there is some glaring misstakes
I think what you are looking for is $_.columnheading
When you import-csv and then pipe it, the column heading is the name of the value.
If you imagine each row as your object and each column heading as the values of the object. When you import-csv, each object is piped through individually.
$_ is the current object that has been piped through. Therefore:
$_.department or $_.name etc. will have the value you are looking for.
I hope this makes sense and is answering your question.
Thanks, Tim.
UPDATED AFTER COMMENTS
try{$csv = import-csv "$path" -Delimiter $Delimiter | Select-Object *,#{ Name= 'Department' ; Expression= {'Unkown'} },
#{ Name='Office' ; Expression= {'Unkown'} },
#{ Name= 'ADStatus' ; Expression= {'Unkown'} }
#{ Name= 'User' ; Expression= {$_.columnheadingforusercolumn}
}
$result = foreach($user in $csv){
$userrow = $user.user
write-host "$userrow"
}

How to apply colors in powershell output

Requirement :
I am beginner in powershell. Below ps script is giving the details about services are in started state or in stopped state but my requirement is I need to see this out put as background color in 'Sky Blue', if services are running then highlight in Green ,Stopped services in Red color. How do I achieve it.
Help on this is highly appriciated.
$Result = #()
foreach($server in Get-Content C:\PowerSQL\List.txt)
{
$Services=gwmi win32_service -computername $server | where {$_.Name -like ‘*SQL*’}
if(!(Test-Connection -Cn $server -BufferSize 16 -Count 1 -ea 0 -quiet))
{“Problem still exists in connecting to $server”}
ELSE {
$services | ForEach {
If ($_)
{ $Result += New-Object PSObject -Property #{
‘Host Name’ = $_.Systemname
‘Service Display Name’ = $_.Displayname
‘Service Name’ = $_.Name
‘Start Mode’ = $_.Startmode
‘Service Account Name’ = $_.Startname
‘State’ = $_.State
‘Status’= $_.Status
}
}
}
}
}
$Result | ConvertTo-HTML | Out-File C:\PowerSQL\service.htm
See my answer to similar question to this.
Communary.ConsoleExtensions [link] might help you
Invoke-ColorizedFileListing C:\Windows -m *.dmp
The above command will colorise file types and highlight dump files.
To save a color output, you would have to save to a format that preserves color, like RTF, or HTML. Txt (plain text file) only stores text.
The code below will save your output as an html file.
$time = (Get-Date).AddYears(-2)
Get-ChildItem -Recurse | Where-Object {$_.LastWriteTime -lt $time} |
Select Directory,Name,LastWriteTime |
ConvertTo-Html -Title "Services" -Body "<H2>The result of Get-ChildItem</H2> " -Property Directory,Name,LastWriteTime |
ForEach-Object {
if ($_ -like '<tr><td>*') {
$_ -replace '^(.*?)(<td>.*?</td>)<td>(.*?)</td>(.*)','$1$2<td><font color="green">$3</font></td>$4'
} else {
$_
}
} | Set-Content "$env:TEMP\ColorDirList.html" -Force
The line:
if ($_ -like '<tr><td>*') {
...checks for line in the html output that is a table row.
The line:
$_ -replace '^(.*?)(<td>.*?</td>)<td>(.*?)</td>(.*)','$1$2<td><font color="green">$3</font></td>$4'
...uses a RegEx to replace the 2nd table cell contents with a font tag with the color green. This is a very simple RegEx search & replace that will only color the 2nd column.
And here's another implementation of console only coloring, based on this link
$linestocolor = #(
'CSName Version OSArchitecture'
'------ ------- --------------'
'BENDER 6.1.7601 64-bit '
'LEELA 6.1.7601 64-bit '
'FRY 6.1.7600 64-bit '
'FARNSWORTH 6.1.7601 32-bit '
)
# http://www.bgreco.net/powershell/format-color/
function Format-Color {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true,Mandatory=$true)]
$ToColorize
, [hashtable]$Colors=#{}
, [switch]$SimpleMatch
, [switch]$FullLine
)
Process {
$lines = ($ToColorize | Out-String).Trim() -replace "`r", "" -split "`n"
foreach($line in $lines) {
$color = ''
foreach($pattern in $Colors.Keys){
if (!$SimpleMatch -and !$FullLine -and $line -match "([\s\S]*?)($pattern)([\s\S]*)") { $color = $Colors[$pattern] }
elseif (!$SimpleMatch -and $line -match $pattern) { $color = $Colors[$pattern] }
elseif ($SimpleMatch -and $line -like $pattern) { $color = $Colors[$pattern] }
}
if ($color -eq '') { Write-Host $line }
elseif ($FullLine -or $SimpleMatch) { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor $color }
else {
Write-Host $Matches[1] -NoNewline
Write-Host $Matches[2] -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $color
Write-Host $Matches[3]
}
}
}
}
$linestocolor | Format-Color -Colors #{'6.1.7600' = 'Red'; '32-bit' = 'Green'}
# doesn't work...
# (Get-ChildItem | Format-Table -AutoSize) | Format-Color -Colors #{'sql' = 'Red'; '08/07/2016' = 'Green'}
# does work...
Format-Color -ToColorize (Get-ChildItem | Format-Table -AutoSize) -Colors #{'sql' = 'Red'; '08/07/2016' = 'Green'}
return
EDIT. to answer the OPs request
$Result = #()
foreach($server in Get-Content C:\PowerSQL\List.txt)
{
$Services=gwmi win32_service -computername $server | where {$_.Name -like ‘*SQL*’}
if(!(Test-Connection -Cn $server -BufferSize 16 -Count 1 -ea 0 -quiet))
{“Problem still exists in connecting to $server”}
else {
$services | ForEach {
If ($_)
{ $Result += New-Object PSObject -Property #{
HostName = $_.Systemname
ServiceDisplayName = $_.Displayname
ServiceName = $_.Name
StartMode = $_.Startmode
ServiceAccountName = $_.Startname
State = $_.State
Status = $_.Status
}
}
}
}
}
$Result | ConvertTo-HTML `
-Title "Services" `
-Body "<H2>The result of gwmi win32_service</H2> " `
-Property HostName,ServiceDisplayName,ServiceName,StartMode,ServiceAccountName,State,Status |
ForEach-Object {
if ($_ -like '<tr><td>*') {
switch ($_) {
{ $_ -like '*<td>Stopped</td>*' } {$color='red'}
{ $_ -like '*<td>Running</td>*' } {$color='green'}
Default {$color='white'}
}
$_.Replace('<tr>', "<tr bgcolor=`"$color`">")
} else {
$_
}
} | Set-Content C:\PowerSQL\service.htm -Force

Powershell script poor performance when creating a CSV file from JSON

I have an performance issue with the below code. I want to parse some information from a JSON file to a CSV. The JSON itself has around 200k lines. The performance of this conversion is not good as it takes over 1h to process such a file.
I think the problem might be with the Add-Content function as I'm using a normal HDD for it. Could you please let me know if you see any improvements of the code or any changes that I could do?
$file = "$disk\TEMP\" + $mask
$res = (Get-Content $file) | ConvertFrom-Json
$file = "$disk\TEMP\result.csv"
Write-Host "Creating CSV from JSON" -ForegroundColor Green
Add-Content $file ("{0},{1},{2},{3},{4}" -f "TargetId", "EventType", "UserId", "Username", "TimeStamp")
$l = 0
foreach ($line in $res) {
if($line.EventType -eq 'DirectDownloadCompleted' -and $line.TargetDefinition -eq 'GOrder') {
#nothing here
} elseif($line.EventType -eq 'DirectDownloadCompleted' -and $line.TargetDefinition -eq 'GFile') {
Add-Content $file ("{0},{1},{2},{3},{4}" -f
$line.AssetId, $line.EventType, $line.UserId, $line.UserName, $line.TimeStamp)
$l = $l + 1
} else {
Add-Content $file ("{0},{1},{2},{3},{4}" -f $line.TargetId, $line.EventType, $line.UserId, $line.UserName, $line.TimeStamp)
$l = $l + 1
}
}
Ok, a few lessons here I think. First off, don't re-write the Export-CSV cmdlet. Instead convert your info into an array of objects, and output it all at once. This will make it so that you only have to write to the file once, which should increase your speed dramatically. Also, don't do ForEach>If>IfElse>Else when this function already exists in the Switch cmdlet. Try something like this:
$Results = Switch($res){
{$_.EventType -eq 'DirectDownloadCompleted' -and $_.TargetDefinition -eq 'GOrder'}{Continue}
{$_.EventType -eq 'DirectDownloadCompleted' -and $_.TargetDefinition -eq 'GFile'}{$_ | Select #{l='TargetId';e={$_.AssetId}},EventType,UserId,Username,TimeStamp;Continue}
Default {$_ | Select TargetId,EventType,UserId,Username,TimeStamp}
}
$Results | Export-CSV $file -NoType
$l = $Results.Count