My goal is an alignment as shown in the attached image (the fields on the left may have any width, but the ones on the right should begin at the same X coordinate).
Right now I am using a simple table code to achieve this:
<table><tr>
<td>Left1</td><td>Right 1</td></tr>
<tr><td>Left 2</td><td>Right 2</td></tr></table>
However, I've heard that using tables is generally bad. Is there a way I could achieve the same design using CSS? The website is being designed for mobile devices which might not support fancy CSS, so the code must be as simple as possible.
EDIT: since I still occasionally get a notification on this question from people who (presumably) are just starting out with HTML like I was when I made it, please refer to the accepted answer by B T as this is by far the best way to achieve this functionality. The question suggested as a "possible duplicate" (31 May 2016) does not currently offer the table-row/table-column CSS-based approach and requires you to do guess work.
I found a much easier way to do this by accident. Say you have the following:
<div class='top'>
<div>Something else</div>
<div class='a'>
<div>Some text 1</div>
<div>Some text 2</div>
</div>
<div class='a'>
<div>Some text 3</div>
<div>Some text 4</div>
</div>
</div>
You can align Some text 1 and Some text 2 using css table display styling like this:
.a {
display: table-row;
}
.a div {
display: table-cell;
}
The coolest thing is that as long as the 'top' div is NOT styled display: table, then other things like "Something else" can be ignored in terms of alignment. If the 'top' div IS styled display: table, then "Some text 1" will be aligned with "Something else" (ie it treats all its children like table rows, even if they have a different display style).
This works in Chrome, not sure if its supposed to behave this way, but I'm glad it works.
.a {
display: table-row;
}
.a div {
display: table-cell;
}
<div class='top'>
<div>Something else</div>
<div class='a'>
<div>Some text 1</div>
<div>Some text 2</div>
</div>
<div class='a'>
<div>Some text 3</div>
<div>Some text 4</div>
</div>
</div>
While it is possible to achieve the same with tables, it would be considered semantically incorrect to use a table for the purpose of layout. Especially since you can achieve the same using just a line or two of CSS.
Give your labels a fixed width (something larger than your longest label text).
<style>
label {
width: 100px;
display: inline-block;
}
</style>
<label>Name</label>
<input type="text" />
<br/>
<label>Email Address</label>
<input type="text" />
Example
Here, you could use this for getting the output required.
Using tables IMO is not bad practice, in fact they should be used where tabular data is required, or the format of data resembles a table.
However, designing a full page, or anything not to be displayed in a tabular format, using a table is discouraged, and is in fact very very wrong.
Here goes a sample using a non-table structure:
HTML :
<form>
<label for="name">Email: </label><input id="name" type="email" placeholder="#" />
<br/><br />
<label>Password: </label><input type="password" id="password" placeholder="*"/>
</form>
CSS:
label {
width: 80px;
display: block;
vertical-align: middle;
float:left;
clear:left;
}
input {
border-top-left-radius:5px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 10px;
background: #141414;
color: #fdd56c;
outline: none;
}
Here is an example
Yes, such alignment is possible. Using CSS classes, you can markup your HTML in such a way to achieve the same look of a table without the headache of using a table (or making the markup look ugly).
Using this CSS:
.label {
display: inline-block;
width: 100px;
}
.inputBox {
width: 200px;
}
and this HTML:
<span class="label">E-mail:</span><input type="email"></input><br>
<span class="label">Password:</span><input type="text"></input>
you'll get the layout you want.
To do this with IE7 support, change the CSS above to this:
.label {
display: block;
width: 100px;
float: left;
clear: left;
}
Then, add this line below the lines already shown:
<div style="clear: left"></div>
Example using IE7-compatible settings: http://jsfiddle.net/bbXXp/
True. I am learning it the hard way. I used table for alignment, and now, certain alignments are becoming bizzare in smaller screens (e.g. mobile phone, tablets etc). Hence, am switching over to div. Preferable use <div style="display:inline-block">...</div>, which will align automatically if the screen is smaller.
Hence, my advice is that Table should be used only for genuine tables, and not for aligning controls in a body.
Related
I have a site with a very active background (I'm talking 6 or so different z-indexes here 2 with animations). I wanted a in the foreground that had content but wanted a "window" through to the background in it. Some problems I had:
you can't "punch a hole" in a background, so...
I built a containing div, lets call it "srminfo"
Inside that I had a "top", "left", "window", "right" and "bottom"
the top, left, right, bottom all had opaque white backgrounds
while the srminfo and window divs had background:none;
No matter how hard I tried, the "right" div wouldn't fill the space between the "top" and "bottom" divs, I tried a lot of different things. The reason it had to be dynamic is that the text in the "left" div was dynamic based on the background colour, which was itself generated randomly with JavaScript.
How is display: table; and all the other related CSS code like tables? And how can it be used?
After days trying to find the answer, I finally found
display: table;
There was surprisingly very little information available online about how to actually getting it to work, even here, so on to the "How":
To use this fantastic piece of code, you need to think back to when tables were the only real way to structure HTML, namely the syntax. To get a table with 2 rows and 3 columns, you'd have to do the following:
<table>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
Similarly to get CSS to do it, you'd use the following:
HTML
<div id="table">
<div class="tr">
<div class="td"></div>
<div class="td"></div>
<div class="td"></div>
</div>
<div class="tr">
<div class="td"></div>
<div class="td"></div>
<div class="td"></div>
</div>
</div>
CSS
#table{
display: table;
}
.tr{
display: table-row;
}
.td{
display: table-cell; }
As you can see in the example below, the divs in the 3rd column have no content, yet are respecting the auto height set by the text in the first 2 columns. WIN!
#table {
display: table;
padding: 5px;
}
.tr {
display: table-row;
padding: 5px;
}
.td {
display: table-cell;
padding: 5px;
width: 150px;
border: #000000 solid 1px;
margin: 5px;
}
<div id="table">
<div class="tr">
<div class="td">Row 1,
<br />Column 1</div>
<div class="td">Row 1, Column 2</div>
<div class="td" style="background:#888888;"></div>
</div>
<div class="tr">
<div class="td">Row 2,
<br />Column 1</div>
<div class="td">Row 2, Column 2</div>
<div class="td" style="background:#888888;"></div>
</div>
</div>
It's worth noting that display: table; does not work in IE6 or 7 (thanks, FelipeAls), so depending on your needs with regards to browser compatibility, this may not be the answer that you are seeking.
It's even easier to use parent > child selector relationship so the inner div do not need to have their css classes to be defined explicitly:
.display-table {
display: table;
}
.display-table > div {
display: table-row;
}
.display-table > div > div {
display: table-cell;
padding: 5px;
}
<div class="display-table">
<div>
<div>0, 0</div>
<div>0, 1</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>1, 0</div>
<div>1, 1</div>
</div>
</div>
How (and why) to use display: table-cell (CSS)
I just wanted to mention, since I don't think any of the other answers did directly, that the answer to "why" is: there is no good reason, and you should probably never do this.
In my over a decade of experience in web development, I can't think of a single time I would have been better served to have a bunch of <div>s with display styles than to just have table elements.
The only hypothetical I could come up with is if you have tabular data stored in some sort of non-HTML-table format (eg. a CSV file). In a very specific version of this case it might be easier to just add <div> tags around everything and then add descendent-based styles, instead of adding actual table tags.
But that's an extremely contrived example, and in all real cases I know of simply using table tags would be better.
The display:table family of CSS properties is mostly there so that HTML tables can be defined in terms of them. Because they're so intimately linked to a specific tag structure, they don't see much use beyond that.
If you were going to use these properties in your page, you would need a tag structure that closely mimicked that of tables, even though you weren't actually using the <table> family of tags. A minimal version would be a single container element (display:table), with direct children that can all be represented as rows (display:table-row), which themselves have direct children that can all be represented as cells (display:table-cell). There are other properties that let you mimic other tags in the table family, but they require analogous structures in the HTML. Without this, it's going to be very hard (if not impossible) to make good use of these properties.
I don't have 10 years of web dev., but only a year or so and I have quickly came around a use case that does not work with table elements and work with and CSS table : forms.
Forms and tables do not go well together. A form is not allowed to be a child of a table element. So, to comment previous comment : divs and CSS table are useful at least when you want forms into table.
Jean-yves
I've got an issue that I'd love to solve by using CSS without resorting to statically sizing my labels (but perhaps it isn't possible).
I have two labels per line, one for displaying a "title" and the other for displaying the associated "value". Here's how I'd like it to look:
This is similar to Align labels in form next to input but I'm wanting the second element per line left-aligned instead of the first one to be right-aligned. I tried modifying the accepted answer from that question and set the width of the "title" label, but that has no effect on my output. As I mentioned above, I'd rather not hard-code a width anyways, but I was hoping to get something working before trying to find a good, long-term solution that can account for larger "title" values.
Here's my current CSS (the classes should be self-explanatory):
.propertyTitle {
text-transform: uppercase;
width: 300px;/*Why doesn't this have any effect?*/
}
.propertyValue {
text-align: left;
}
And my current HTML:
<div>
<div>
<label class="propertyTitle">Hello:</label>
<label class="propertyValue">World</label>
</div>
<div>
<label class="propertyTitle">Goodbye:</label>
<label class="propertyValue">To All of the People in the World</label>
</div>
<div>
<label class="propertyTitle">I Want:</label>
<label class="propertyValue">These labels to line up</label>
</div>
</div>
The HTML can be modified as well, if that'd make it easier. To conform with best practices, I'd rather not use tables to make this work.
Here's a jsFiddle showing what I have now, what am I missing? Ideally this solution would work for IE8+ and Firefox, so unfortunately HTML5 and CSS3 elements are discouraged.
EDIT
To reiterate after the first two answers came in (that both solve my issue), is there a way to do this without hard-coding a width for my "title" labels?
grouping your divs and labels like so:
<div>
<div class="titleWrap">
<label class="propertyTitle">Hello:</label>
<label class="propertyTitle">Goodbye:</label>
<label class="propertyTitle">I Want:</label>
</div>
<div class="valueWrap">
<label class="propertyValue">World</label>
<label class="propertyValue">To All of the People in the World</label>
<label class="propertyValue">These labels to line up</label>
</div>
</div>
with the following CSS:
.propertyTitle {
display:block;
text-transform: uppercase;
width: auto;
}
.titleWrap{
display:inline-block;
}
.propertyValue {
display:block;
width:auto;
}
.valueWrap {
display:inline-block;
}
should give you the desired result without having to specify the widths
Check out this jsFiddle
try using display:inline-block on your labels
.propertyTitle {
text-transform: uppercase;
width: 300px;/*Why doesn't this have any effect?*/
display: inline-block;
}
by default label is an inline element. that's why width property doesn't apply to label.
to apply the width you have to convert the label into a block level element by using display:block.
I hope it clarify the answer.
so you have to use this CSS property in your code.
.propertyTitle {
text-transform: uppercase;
display:inline-block; /*this will make the label a block level element*/
width: 300px;/*Why doesn't this have any effect?*/
}
More modern version is display: inline-flex;
I run into a css issue.
I have a form, and inside it I want to show a label and some info in each line.
The html for the form is:
<form class="form_dialog">
</br>
<label>Status: </label>
<span><img src="images/check.png" alt="check mark" width="16" height="16"/></span>
</br></br>
<label>Type: </label>
<span>V1</span>
</br></br>
<label>Description: </label>
<div class="sp">16 Nodes - Test for long description.
This system is good in all cases. Max length is 100.</div>
</form>
The css for all the tags are:
form.form_dialog {float: left; clear: left;}
.form_dialog div {float:left; clear:left}
.form_dialog label {
display: block; float: left;
width: 12.0em; min-height: 2.0em; text-align: right;
}
.form_dialog span {
margin-left: 3.0em;
}
div.sp {
display:inline;
margin-left:3em;
margin-right:3em;
width:70%;
}
My prob here is that for the description info, I want to keep the text lines indented(each line starts from the same position) as well as inline with label. But cannot achieve it.
Any one can help on this? Thanks.
You are creating a table. You could use a table, or use two seperate elements, placed side by side inside of a containing .
<div class="container">
<div class="formContainer">
</div>
<div class="textContainer">
</div>
</div>
Then float each container and align your text using CSS.
Agreed with Trendy, also, since you starting using span tag, you should just use the span
<span>16 Nodes - Test for long description.
This system is good in all cases. Max length is 100.</span>
For a web application I'm creating (in Umbraco, but don't think that really matters in this case) I need a page that can show an overview of different media types; audio, video and images.
No problem there, for images and videos (hosted on YouTube) I will show a thumbnail and for audio I will show a static image.
The rough layout of an item will be that the image is shown on top, and below that is some info like the title and a short description.
Now because of the difference in dimensions of the images (thumbnails can have a variable size, the audio static image will probably always be smaller than the thumbnails, etc.) one item (or column if you will) can be of less width than another.
What I would like to do is show three items per row, and when the row isn't completely filled I would like to fill it up with a colored box. But that box should not always be at the end, it could also be in between, or the beginning. It just is inserted 'randomly' when a space fill is needed.
Because a picture says more than 1000 words (wire-frame of what I'm trying to describe);
Now my question; is this at all possible? If yes, how?
I can't wrap my mind around it, it can't be done in pure HTML and CSS I think. Because you couldn't determine how big an item is and if a 'filler' is needed.
The rough HTML I have right now is something like this:
<table id="portfolio">
<tr>
<td>
<div class="portfolioItem">
<div class="portfolioItemImage">
<a rel="prettyPhoto" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video}"><img src="http://img.youtube.com/vi/{video}/1.jpg"/></a>
</div>
<br clear="both" />
<div class="portfolioItemDescription">
<h3>Title</h3>
<p>Description lorem ipsum etc.</p>
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
Of course there is some more dynamic stuff in there to determine whether it is a video, audio or image, determine when to start a new row, etc. but that isn't relevant here.
Here is the CSS associated with it:
#portfolio {
width:100%;
}
#portfolio td {
width:33%;
}
#portfolio .portfolioItem {
border: 1px solid #000;
}
#portfolio .portfolioItem .portfolioItemImage {
margin:0px;
padding:0px;
}
Again; can this be done? And how?
Thank you!
I think that what you want is jQuery Masonry or the Wookmark jQuery Plugin.
I would create the grid using DIVs instead of TABLES, regardless I think this is what you are looking for?:
#portfolio td
{
min-width:33%;
}
EDIT:
Here is a rudimentary example of a grid created with DIV's:
http://jsfiddle.net/rdtnU/
<div class="con">
<div class="row">
<div class="cell">a</div>
<div class="cell">b</div>
<div class="cell is_last">c</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="cell">d</div>
<div class="cell">e</div>
<div class="cell is_last">f</div>
</div>
</div>
.con {}
.row { width:340px; margin:0 0 20px 0; overflow:hidden; }
.cell { width:100px; margin:0 20px 0 0; float:left; background:orange; }
.is_last { margin:0; }
I would use the div's as suggested but I would not limit myself to the row/columns as stated. I would use a more fluid layout even if it is for a specified width of a certain section.
The following will only work if you know the width of the div with the content, to allow the floating to occur (this could work if there is a min-width or if your code can determine the size of the image)
Here is the HTML
<div class="elements">
<div class="singleElement">
text and graphics here.
</div>
<div class="singleElement">
text and graphics here.
</div>
<div class="singleElement">
text and graphics here.
</div>
<div class="singleElement">
thisonewillpushthewidthoftheboxfartherthanthe150pxwidth
</div>
<div class="singleElement">
small text
</div>
</div>
Here is the CSS (I put some simple background colors so you can see what is going on with the width and how things are tucked in where space is available.
.elements { overflow: hidden; width: 500px; background: #FCC; }
.singleElement { padding: 5px; white-space:nowrap; float: left;
height: 200px; min-width: 100px; background: #CCC;margin: 0 10px 10px 0; }
Please note the details of the styles are just for demonstrating the example. They can be altered to fit your need.
EXAMPLE: Here is the example in jsFiddle.
I am trying to break the table crutch...
I want to place 3 "labels", "First", "Middle" and "Last" over 3 text boxes so that the labels are above the corresponding text boxes and the labels and text boxes are vertically aligned. In other words, I need a 3 columns table where the first row has 3 labels and the 2nd row has 3 text boxes in them and everything is left justified and I want ALL the columns widths to be identical and fixed.
How do I do this with w/o tables using only CSS?
I know that margin-left will give me a consistent distance between the groups, but how do I "carriage return" to the next line w.o using a Paragraph or a break tag, since the distance involved is really a function of the font, I imagine, instead of being able to "carriage return down" a specified number of pixels.
I know that display: block will put things on a new line, but that creates a break before and after. I just want a break "after."
I hope I explained it well enough.
Thanks.
Additional Edit:
I understand that perhaps I should not be avoid using tables for something that tables is good at, but if CSS had an attribute analagos to margin-left:10px but in a vertical direction AFTER performing a cariage return, the advantage of using CSS over tables is that I wouldn't have a million TR and TD tags in my markup.
Is there such a thing?
What you do is create your form fields this way:
<div id="form">
<div class="control">
<div class="label">
<label for="field1">Field 1</label>
</div>
<div class="field">
<input type="text" name="field1" id="field1">
</div>
</div>
...
</div>
with:
#form { overflow: hidden; } // this is important!
#form div.control { float: left; width: 33%; }
Now if one of those labels is larger the controls won't line up but this would be an example of where "pure" CSS falls shorts of what tables can do easily and naturally, which begs the question: why are you giving up on tables?
Note: Another answer along the same lines has suggested not wrapping the label and input in a div. This is a reasonable approach but you lose some expressive power. For instance, some things in CSS are only possible on block level elements. For example, you could change the above with:
#form, div.control { overflow: hidden; width: 600px } // this is important!
#form div.control { float: left; width: 200px; }
#form div.control div { float: left; width: 100px; }
and get your labels on the left, which you can't do quite as well without the wrapping inner divs.
HTML:
<div class="row">
<div class="column">
<label>Left</label>
<input name="left" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<label>Left</label>
<input name="left" />
</div>
<div class="column">
<label>Left</label>
<input name="left" />
</div>
</div>
CSS:
.row .column{
width: 200px;
float:left;
}
.row .column input,
.row .column label{
display:block;
}
You can now use CSS to style the textboxes and labels, so they look nice. Also notice how similar this example is to using tables, which goes to show that in some scenarios tables aren't evil, but the right way to go. If you want to align things in a grid, use tables.
Turns out that if you want to make a table of labels over input fields, the table element is fine to use.... If the table element is the clearest html code, why not use it?