Sorry but I can't get this to work. Should be a quick answer.
My html is laid out like so:
<html>
<header>
...
</header>
<body>
<div class = "background"></div>
<div class = "content">
...
</div>
<body>
</html>
The I want the background div to simply place a 1000px background colour down the entire length of the page. The content is then padded 40px on each side, inside this background colour.
The css is like so:
body {
width:1000px;
margin-left:auto;
margin-right:auto;
}
.background {
position:absolute;
top:0px;
width:1000px;
height:100%;
}
.content {
min-height:100%;
padding-left:40px;
padding-right:40px;
}
I thought it worked like so... The body div would expand to hold the min-height of the .content div. This means that 100% height of the .background div would fill the entire body and so the length of the page. However it does not. It only fills the window height. Where am I going wrong?
Thanks
As topek guessed, this will do it:
html, body{
height:100%
}
The reason this works is because percentage CSS heights only work if the parent element has a height defined on it. By adding the above, you're giving .background's parents a height.
Update: based on OP's comment, here's how you would get the .background div to always appear to fill the viewport:
html, body {
height: 100%;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
/* Fixed element that takes up entire viewport */
.background {
position: fixed;
z-index: 1;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
/* Content that stacks above .background */
.content {
position: relative;
z-index: 2;
}
As .content grows larger than the viewport and the user scrolls, the fixed position of .background will keep it always in view.
And of course, a handy example.
All you need is:
body, html {
height:100%
}
Then specify height:100%; any DIV you want to have full height.
BTW - 1000px wide is a bad unit to use. People with 1024 wide screens will get horizontal scrollbars. Better to stick to 980 or less. 960 is good because it can be divided by many factors.
I think this is what you're looking for.
http://jsfiddle.net/sg3s/GxRcp/
The key in this little example is the position: fixed; for .background so that it is kept in the screen while scrolling.
If you don't really want to do this and want the background to expand ARROUND the content just make it a normal / relatively positioned element, and wrap it arround .content...
If you give a more acurate description of the layout you're trying to create (and maybe why in such a way) we may be able to help you better.
Btw, in your example html there is an error, header should be head.
You should put bg into html or body elements as the first choices.
html { background: url("bg.jpg") no-repeat top center; }
or
body { background: url("bg.jpg") no-repeat top center; }
Fixed:
background: url("bg.jpg") no-repeat top center fixed; /* And bg will stay in fixed position */
Related
I'm beginning to get frustrated with CSS. Anytime I think I've grasped one of its many facets, I'm completely thrown off by unexpected behaviour.
I've been trying to make a sticky footer. SO I set the height of my body element to 100% so it takes up the full html element in height ( browser window ). I then wrap everything inside the body in a div except for the footer element, and set this div's height to 100%, thinking that this will take up the full body in height and so push the footer off the bottom of the screen. I could then apply a negative margin yo bring it up and fix it at the bottom.
But the footer sits at the bottom of the page below all the body, without need for a negative margin.. So my idea of setting height to 100% is completely thrown off.
What's happened here?
If you want to create a fixed footer, then you don't need to worry about the height property.
.footer {
position: fixed;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
background-color: yellow;
}
<body>
<p>This is the body</p>
<div class="footer">
<p>Footer</p>
</div>
</body>
HTML
<div class="footer">Content</div>
CSS
body{
margin:0; //you need it for the correct bottom margin
}
.footer
{
position: fixed;
bottom:0;
height:75px; //height of the footer
color:white;
background-color: black;
width:100%;
margin:0px;
}
I have a problem with my body element. It seems that it is filling 100% percent of the screen. However, if you drag the browser small and then scroll down - the body doesn't extend.
Please see this jsFiddle as a prime example.
height: 100%; is the height of the window your site is displayed in not the height of the website, which causes the background getting purple when srolling down.
Just add this:
html { background: green; }
And remove the
body { background: green; }
to get the background to always be green. (JSFiddle)
I believe that THIS FIDDLE answers the question. I have been using this in production and it has been working great.
HTML:
<html>
<body>
<div class="main-wrapper contain">
<section class="main-content">
Main Content
</section> <!-- end .main-wrapper -->
<div class="other-thing">
Other thing for example.
</div>
</div> <!-- .main-wrapper -->
</body>
</html>
CSS:
/* hard reset */
* {
-moz-box-sizing: border-box;
-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
box-sizing: border-box;
position: relative;
padding: 0; margin: 0;
}
/* micro clear fix (clears floats) */
.contain:before,
.contain:after {
content: " "; /* 1 */
display: table; /* 2 */
}
.contain:after {
clear: both;
}
.contain {
*zoom: 1;
}
html {
height: 100%; /* 01 */
/* tells html to go ahead and feel free to be 100% height */
}
body {
min-height: 100%; /* 02 */
/* expands to push html to the limit */
}
.main-wrapper {
/* overflow: hidden; */
/* in this case - forces wrapper to contain content (like a clear-fix) */
/* use clear fix instead */
}
/* if you see yellow - we are failing */
.main-content {
width: 100%;
float: left;
}
.other-thing {
width: 100%;
float: left;
}
I've tested this - and it seems to work in every situation, assuming that you keep all of your containers and stuff actually containing properly. There must be downfalls to this overflow: hidden; or people wouldn't use clear-fix. So - I would love hear more input.
Alternatively, I think that the html and body can be 100% and then the .main-wrapper can be min-height: 100%; and that works as well. Basically - something needs to force all of its containers to stretch. and in order to do that, all of those containers must be set to 100% so that they remember that they have that ability. Or am I anthropomorphizing the divs too much...
UPDATE 2021:
The nature of the web is to allow the content to define the 'shape' or the 'space' or whatever you want to call it... so - the body doesn't really know how 'tall' it is. It knows it's 100% width, because it's a block level element. So, unless you tell the HTML to be height: 100%, and then every child... then they wouldn't really know what "100%" really meant. 100% of what? For dashboard apps and desktop full-screen layouts you may want to set the hight (but not in most cases) - and using 100vh units is available now. General rule: just let the content decide the size of it's parent element and work with the nature of The Web. (ignore all that code up there! It's 2021: flex-box + grid! : )
Just remove the height: 100%; from your <body> and and also remove the height: 300px; from your <figure> and you are ready to go.
You can also use this code: http://jsfiddle.net/Asustaba/LBu8z/8/
1) If you want to have the body fill the whole screen, while solving 2 things simultaneously (due to the body having dynamic content)
not enough content: the body is at least as tall as the viewport, since your body doesn't have enough content to fill the screen
too much content: the body should be as tall as the html
Now you can use min-height:100vh for that, which means 100% of the viewport's height:
http://jsfiddle.net/LBu8z/89/
Except the Opera Mini it is supported by all browsers: caniuse.com/#search=vh
2) if you want to have a fixed background image, then I suggest to stretch a fixed position body:after
I needed this solution in production since a background-sizing:cover won't work properly with a fixed backround, thus I had to make the body:after fixed and the background image not fixed. You can check it here: https://www.doklist.com/
body:after{
content:"";
background:green;
position:fixed;
top:0;
bottom:0;
left:0;
right:0;
z-index:-1;
}
3) If you want to do it with only the body, then: stretch a fixed body with overflow scroll. But be aware it may interfere with some elements (eg. bootstrap tooltips and popovers)
body {
background: green;
overflow-y:scroll;
position:fixed;
top:0;
bottom:0;
left:0;
right:0;
}
I am looking to create a layout for my site where a sidebar is fixed at the right side of the viewport with a 30% width (content is to the left of it) until the browser window reaches a certain width, at which point I want the content and sidebar to be centred and no longer grow with the browser window (since it becomes hard to read at extremely large widths). Here is an idea of the html being used:
<body>
<div id=sidebar>sidebar content</div>
<div id=content>articles, images, etc</div>
And here is some of the basic HTML being used to format it:
#sidebar {
width: 30%;
position: fixed;
right: 0;
top: 0;
background-color: gray;
}
#content {
width: 70%;
margin-right: 30%;
max-width: 49em;
}
At this point, when the content gets wider than 49em, it sticks to the right side of the page creating an ever-increasing gap between it and the fixed sidebar. What I would like is to have it reach a max width of 49em, have the sidebar reach 21em (so they are still 70:30) and remain fixed, but have that whole 70em worth of width centered in the viewport.
I also want the background colour of the sidebar to span the entire way from the edge of the content to the right-hand side of the screen (i.e. a containing div that centers both the sidebar and content with a max width of 70em doesn't work since the background of the sidebar would only go to the edge of the containing div instead of the viewport). That one isn't as important because it might look fine to put some sort of textured background on the body element to make it look like as though the page is "sitting" on some textured surface (not ideal, but fine). I just haven't been able to center the sidebar and content while maintaining the sidebar's fixed positioning.
Thanks!
Update: here's a very rough schematic of what I am looking for:
|A|B|C|D|
B is the content area with a max width of 49em. C is the sidebar with max width of 21em AND it has to have fixed positioning. A and D would be the margins (each half of the difference between the viewport width and 70em). Background of D must be the same colour (gray) as the sidebar. Background of A must be white.
This solution meets most of your requirements, but you need to provide the width of the content+sidebar (in this case, I put 70em)
HTML:
<div id="container">
<div id="content">articles, images, etc</div>
<div id="sidebar">sidebar content</div>
</div>
CSS:
#sidebar {
width: 29%; background-color: gray; border: 1px gold solid;
float: left;
position: fixed; right: 0; top: 0;
}
#content {
width: 69%; max-width: 49em; border: 1px silver solid;
float: left;
}
#container {
max-width: 70em;
margin: 0px auto;
}
jsFiddle here. (You can test by just dragging the middle frame left and right)
Something like this:
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="sidebar">sidebar content</div>
<div id="content">articles, images, etc</div>
</div>
</body>
With CSS that is similar to this:
body { background:url(imageForSidebar.png) right top repeat-y; }
#wrapper {
max-width:1000px;
margin:0 auto;
background:#FFF url(imageForSidebar.png) -66% top repeat-y;
position:relative;
}
#sidebar {
width:30%;
float:right;
position: fixed;
}
#content { margin-right:30%; }
The background image on the body would take care of it going all the way to the edge of the screen. You would use a background image that was large enough to do this, but small enough so that it gets covered by the #wrapper background. The background image on the wrapper works in a similar way, but in this case it is just making sure that the sidebar image always extends to the bottom of the content.
You can add media queries into your css
//your normal css
#sidebar {
width: 30%;
position: fixed;
right: 0;
top: 0;
background-color: gray;}
//media query (you can add max and min width of the sceen or one of both)
#media screen and (min-width:500px) {
#sidebar{
//css you want to apply when when width is changed
}
}
Edit 2: It seems clear that no one seems to be able to understand what I'm asking, so I'll try to illustrate it;
The area in the center has the id #navigation. This has the following CSS properties,
width: 960px;
margin: auto;
background: #e4bd04;
The reason it has a width of 960px, is because I would like the links in my navigational bar to remain within a 960px limit. I'd also like them centered, so I apply margin: auto. However, this means that my background only flows for 960px. I'd like the background to flow for the entire window width (100% of page), so that users with larger screens don't end a huge chunk of white space at the top.
In order to prevent this, I nest #navigation into another id, #navouter, to which I apply width: 100%; and background: #e4bd04;, so that the background now appears to extend for the entire width of the window.
Is there any way to do this without using two elements as I've done?
I've undestood, you don't want to have 2 div to center another div with fixed width, isn't it ?
I don't think that you'll love it, but this is a solution :
.nav {
width:960px;
position:absolute;
left:50%;
margin-left:-480px; // width / 2
}
<body>
<div class="nav">Test content</div>
</body>
Result for 300px div : http://jsfiddle.net/7GTCc/1/
Or another, really ugly (lol) :
.nav {width:960px;}
<center>
<div class="nav">Test content</div>
</center>
Edit regarding your illustration
"Is there any way to do this without using two elements as I've done?"
No :-)
But if you only want the background to be 100%, don't specify a background (color or url) to your #navigation.
Last try to answer, test this :
#navigation {
min-width:960px;
text-align:center;
}
Demo here : http://jsfiddle.net/7GTCc/3/
you could use min-width property , dont know what exactly you are looking for
<div style="min-width:960px; width:100%"></div?
Yes, this is easy to do without additional markup. Use the ::before pseudo-element for the expanding part of the navigation.
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/ThinkingStiff/eAf7w/
HTML:
<div id="nav">navigation</div>
CSS:
#nav {
background: #6D7B8D;
height: 40px;
margin: 0 auto;
width: 400px;
}
#nav::before {
background-color: lightblue;
content: '\00a0';
display: block;
height: 40px;
left: 0;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
z-index: -1;
}
I know this has been discussed here many times, but none of the answers I found here, seem to address my problem.
I have this variable (in height) layout, and wnat the footer to always stick to the bottom.
I have used the min-height: 100%; to the container div, and got it somehow to always be in the bottom. trouble is, it's sinking too low to the bottom.
I've put an example here:
http://jsbin.com/erono3
As you can see, my footer is at the bottom, but will go too far in the bottom, and even though there's space on the page to display it, it's creating a scroll bar.
Also, I'd like the main container to to be shown as big as the content is (i.e. closing the square), but right now, it looks like the container is going all the way to the bottom, and my footer is covering it.
What am I doing wrong there?
Thanks in advance
You should take a look at the link by Ben Lee again :). I have used that in your layout to achieve the effect you want. See it here: http://jsbin.com/erono3/2
The important thing is for the footer to be part of the container. The container has a min-height of 100%. So it occupies the whole screen always. The header is normal what ever it is inside.
Then you should have an inner container element (important), where your main content resides. In the link above, it has the id #body. This would have a padding-bottom (to give space to the footer.
The footer is absolutely positioned with a bottom:0px meaning it is always going to be at the bottom of the container (the container has to be position:relative).
EDIT (in response to the comment)
To make your footer span the entire page, but keep everything else centered, just do this:
remove the width off of the #containter, #container spans the whole page. Provide a width to the #body element in the link above and center it, using margin: 0px auto. You get the effect you wanted.
New link: http://jsbin.com/erono3/5
Here's a simplified version of this, which is worth reading for the explanation. See if you can adapt yours to fit.
CSS:
html, body, div {
margin: 0;
border: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
#wrap {
position: relative;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
min-height: 100%;
}
#footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0px;
width: 100%;
background-color: #aaa;
}
and HTML:
<div id="wrap">
<div id="content">Stuff goes here.</div>
<div id="footer">FOOTER</div>
</div>
The problem is you have a min-height of 100% on your container div. That means that the container will be 100% the height of its parent, which is the body tag which has a height of 100%. So if your viewport is 600px, then your body will be 600px, then your container will be 100% of that which is 600px, and then it will stick the footer after the container div which is why it goes below the veiwport.
So one thing you can do is just absolutely position your footer inside the body. Do this by changing your position to be absolute, and bottom:0px. It will float at the bottom.
You might want to put it in your container as well depending on what style you are going for and position it absolute in that and at the bottom.
Your problem is not that the footer is too low, but by making the body 100% it pushes the footer below the bottom of the page.
Consider putting the footer div inside the container div and getting rid of the margin-top: -5.5em and position: relative and it will work just fine.
http://ryanfait.com/sticky-footer/
* {
margin: 0;
}
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
.wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 auto -142px; /* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
}
.footer, .push {
height: 142px; /* .push must be the same height as .footer */
}
/*
Sticky Footer by Ryan Fait
http://ryanfait.com/
*/
This is particularly for anyone using ASP.NET master pages but also in general, if your content is also wrapped in a <form> element you will need to change
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
to
html, body, form {
height: 100%;
}