My function is definitely working; it's tested and was at one point being recognized.
Here's the function prototype:
function [X Y] = calculateEllipse(x, y, a, b, angle)
%# Code here
end
Here's the call I'm making from the Matlab terminal:
calculateEllipse (612, 391, 107, 60, 331)
Here's the error popping out at me:
??? Undefined function or method 'calculateEllipse' for input arguments of
type 'double'.
Now, I am 100% positive I am in the same directory as the function. I even used
addpath('C:\path-to-function')
to make sure. It's just not working, and I'm baffled.
Any help is appreciated.
To summarise other posts, here is a workflow for determining the cause of the problem.
You mistyped the name of the function. Check the function definition and make sure it really it called calculateEllipse.
You saved the function to a file named something other than the function name. Check the filename of the function and make sure it matches the function name.
The folder containing the function name isn't on the MATLAB path. There are several ways to check this. Type path to see the current path, or which calculateEllipse to find the location that MATLAB is using for that file. (If there is a problem, that last command will display 'calculateEllipse' not found.. Note that addpath does not permanently update the path, so when you close down MATLAB, the path will be reset. Use savepath for this.
The folder containing the function is a subdirectory of matlabroot. These folders are reserved for fully fledged toolboxes; bad things happen when you store your code here. See Bob's answer for more information.
Other useful things to check are:
Can you call other functions that are stored in the same folder?
If you save the function in a different folder, will it run then?
Adding to what Jeff said; another possibility is that you placed the function somewhere inside of your MATLAB installation. By default MATLAB does't re-search its own file structure for new files; it assumes that its internal file structure remains unchanging. Make sure that you're saving the file (which, as Jeff pointed out, must be named calculateEllipse.m) somewhere outside of your MATLAB installation.
See https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_env/toolbox-path-caching-in-the-matlab-program.html, or go to the MathWorks web site and search for
path cache
for more information.
The key to this problem is this: %Has no license available. This implies that a function in the directory of the function you are trying to use has the same name as a function in a toolbox you do not own. MATLAB by default disables the whole directory and not just the function of the same name in a toolbox you do not own. Here is an example:
files in directory:
myfunction.m
scoobydoo.m
blackman.m
If I do not own the "Signal processing toolbox," then blackman.m will disable the whole directory.
I can think of a couple of reasons this could happen.
First, as Jeff said, you could have named the file 'calcEllipse.m' instead of 'calculateEllipse.m'. In which case you need to rename the function to be the same as the m file you saved.
Second, you have not added the correct path. There is no reason for this to give an error to my knowledge otherwise. Double check that you have added the path to the m file that is being saved. An easy way to check is if you type in 'calculateEll' and then press tab, does the autocomplete work? If not you are out of the path.
Hope it is one of those thing you can quickly fix!
Related
I'm new to octave, and want to run a few commands on startup automatically every time it opens.
I typed "help startup" and saw "Octave uses the file ".octaverc". I did a bit of searching online at https://www.math.utah.edu/docs/info/octave_4.html, and saw the .octaverc file should be in the following path:
OCTAVE_HOME/lib/octave/VERSION/startup/octaverc
PROBLEM:
In that directory I don't have a startup folder, only "oct" and "site". I do see hidden files, which was my first thought since the file begins with "." character. So I then used Agent Ransack in the directory, and still nothing came up.
QUESTION:
1) Do I have to make the startup folder and octaverc file myself?
2) If so, does one, both or none have to be hidden?
3) Can it be a txt file, or does it have a special extension?
4) Do I just type the commands straight into the file or is there special formatting?
NOTE:
In case I'm going about this the wrong way, there are the operations I'd like to have run on startup:
PS1('>> '), addpath('D:\Users\Me\Desktop'), clc
Thanks ahead of time for the help!!
Possible locations (and their differences) for octaverc files are specified in the documentation.
In short, these are, from more general to specific:
octave-home/share/octave/site/m/startup/octaverc (most generic, for entire system)
octave-home/share/octave/version/m/startup/octaverc (to cover for more than one octave versions installed on the system, possibly requiring different startup scripts)
~/.octaverc (where ~ is unix-speak for a user's home directory -- covering for user-specific startup files)
.octaverc files in any directory, creating specific startup conditions for specific directories
octaverc files are effectively simple script files that are executed from most generic to most specific each time octave starts. Therefore, in the presence of conflicting commands, the more specific file can effectively be used to override the more generic behaviour.
Octave also supports (but does not recommend) the use of the startup.m file, for matlab compatibility.
You might also want to check out pathdef and savepath as well.
As a more general tip, if you ever want to search for a specific keyword from the documentation (e.g. octaverc), you can type this kind of search query in duckduckgo (or google):
octaverc site:https://octave.org/doc/interpreter/
(or just download the documentation as pdf and search the pdf)
Found the solution, the file was in the following path:
OCTAVE_HOME/share/octave/site/m/startup
to find out where OCTAVE_HOME is for you, just type "OCTAVE_HOME" into your Octave command line window.
ANSWERS:
1) You do not have to make a startup octaverc file yourself
2) The file is actually not hidden, so it should be easy to find given you're looking in the right place.
3) The file doesn't have an extension. It's just octaverc.
4) Under the last line of the existing file, you can just append commands as you would type them at the Octave command line window.
the last(7.3.0) octave version placed HERE:/ does not find the THERE:/openEMS/matlab directory even it is already loaded with octaverc or addpath. It keeps looking into the work dir where openEMS is not placed and does not recognize, for instance, the 'physical_constants.m' file.
I know that you can make a function file in Octave in which the file name is the same as the function which defines one function, but I would like to define multiple functions in one file. Is there any way to do this, or do I need a separate file for each function.
In this answer I will assume that your main objective is a tidy workspace rather than explicitly a one-file requirement.
Let's get the one-file approach out of the way. You can create a script m-file (not a function m-file), and define a number of command-line functions there. The octave manual has a section on this. Here's an example:
% in file loadfunctionDefinitions.m
1; % statement with side-effect, to mark this file as a script. See docs.
function Out = Return1(); Out = 1; end
function Out = Return2(); Out = 2; end
% ... etc
% in your main octave session / main script:
X = Return1() + Return2();
However, this is generally not recommended. Especially if you would require matlab compatible code, since matlab introduced 'script-local functions' much later than octave, and decided to do it in a manner incompatible to the existing octave implementation: matlab expects script-local functions to be defined at the end of the script; octave expects them to be defined before first use. However, if you use normal function files, everything is fine.
While I appreciate the "I don't like a folder full of functions" sentiment, the one-function-per-file approach actually has a lot of benefits (especially if you program from the terminal, which makes a wealth of tools twice as useful). E.g. you can easily use grep to find which functions make use of a particular variable. Or compare changes in individual functions from different commits, etc.
Typically the problem is more one of having such function files littering the directory, when other important files are present, e.g. data etc, and having so many files in one place makes finding what you want hard to spot, and feels untidy. But rather than have a single file with command-line definitions, there are a number of other approaches you can take, which are probably also better from a programmatic point of view, e.g.:
Simply create a 'helper functions' folder, and add it to your path.
Use subfunctions in your main functions whenever this is appropriate, to minimize the number of unnecessary files
Use a private functions folder
Use a 'package directory', i.e. a folder starting with the character '+', which creates a namespace for the functions contained inside. E.g. ~/+MyFunctions/myfun.m would be accessed from ~/ via MyFunctions.myfun(), without having to add +MyFunctions to the path (in fact you're not supposed to).
Create a proper class directory, and make your functions methods of that class
The last option may also achieve a one-file solution, if you use a newer-style classdef based class, which allows you to define methods in the same file as the class definition. Note however that octave-support for classdef-defined classes is still somewhat limited.
Ok, I feel embarrassed that I wasn't able to figure this out on my own, but after a few wasted hours, I figured it would be easier to simply ask over here:
I have a bunch of .gs-files in my Google Apps Script project. Now, I want to call another file's function from a method (something like AnotherClass.awesomeFunction(), which throws a ReferenceError though). Is this possible in Google Apps Script? If so, how?
Files aren't classes. You can call any functions in any file from any other file. Think of your files as if they were just added together before running. If you want class-like scoping you can use the Libraries feature.
The Above replies are correct above file being appended, make sure the order of the files in the file explorer on the app script project page is correct
The Function definition should be in the first file and the function call in the latter.
You change the option of the each file by clicking the 3 dots next to file name and selecting Move file up or Move file down
The following syntax allows you to call any function from within your Google Apps Script project, regardless of whether the function is defined in the same file that is calling it:
myFunction();
The following code is unnecessary and will throw errors:
google.script.run.myFunction();
It can do.
and Corey is right, files is not class.
I'd just like to add that order of files is not important as experienced by me so far. I'm working on a project where all calls are at the start to get a clear tree and all definitions of functions are at the end. Sometimes they're even mixed without any order within files too. So, I guess, it can call function from anywhere regardless of order within file or within project files. It's working in my case though.
I've googled around but i'm not sure i am asking the right question or not and i couldn't find much regardless, perhaps a link would be helpful.
I made a c++ program that shows a message box, then I opened it up with Ollydbg and went to the part where it calls MessageBoxW.
The call address of MessageBoxW changes each time i run the app as windows is updating my Imports table to have the correct address of MessageBoxW. So my question is how do i find the virtual addres of MessageBoxW to my imports table and also how can i use this in ollydbg?
Basically I'm trying to make a code cave in assembly to call MessageBoxW again.
I got fairly close once by searching the executable with a hex editor and found the position of the call, and I think I found the virtual address. But when i call that virtual address in olly and saved it to the executable, the next time i opened it the call was replaced with a bunch of DB xyz (which looked like the virtual address but why did the call get removed?
Sorry if my terminology is off as i'm new to this so i'm not quite sure what to call things.
(reply to comment on original post)
Ah, no, the address specified in the "call" opcode is relative to the call instruction. However, for imported functions, it's most likely an indirect call (which reads the function's address from a memory location).
There is really no "official"/reliable way to get the address of any function without having no access to the import segment. If you are patching a certain executable, just look at the values Windows places in its import segment. If you are injecting code from another process, you can rely on the fact that the address of a function in a system DLL will remain the same, relative to the DLL's load address. It is also possible to manually locate and parse the program's import segment in memory.
1- find address of message box in your executable module. suppose your exe file is a1.exe
Executable modules > select a1.exe > press ctrl + N and find the address of message box. suppose address is 00402008
2- use ff25 08204000 machine code to call message box but before push parameters and push your EIP for returning address.
This question already has answers here:
"Undefined function 'function_name' for input arguments of type 'double'."
(3 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
I'm a new user of Matlab, can you please help:
I have the following code in an .M file:
function f = divrat(w, C)
S=sqrt(diag(diag(C)));
s=diag(S);
f=sqrt(w'*C*w)/(w'*s);
I have stored this file (divrat.M) in the normal Matlab path, and therefore I'm assuming that Matlab will read the function when it's starting and that this function therefore should be available to use.
However, when I type
>> divrat(w, C)
I get the following error
??? Undefined function or method 'divrat' for input arguments of type 'double'.
What is the error message telling me to do, I can't see any error in the code or the function call?
You get this error when the function isn't on the MATLAB path or in pwd.
First, make sure that you are able to find the function using:
>> which divrat
c:\work\divrat\divrat.m
If it returns:
>> which divrat
'divrat' not found.
It is not on the MATLAB path or in PWD.
Second, make sure that the directory that contains divrat is on the MATLAB path using the PATH command. It may be that a directory that you thought was on the path isn't actually on the path.
Finally, make sure you aren't using a "private" directory. If divrat is in a directory named private, it will be accessible by functions in the parent directory, but not from the MATLAB command line:
>> foo
ans =
1
>> divrat(1,1)
??? Undefined function or method 'divrat' for input arguments of type 'double'.
>> which -all divrat
c:\work\divrat\private\divrat.m % Private to divrat
As others have pointed out, this is very probably a problem with the path of the function file not being in Matlab's 'path'.
One easy way to verify this is to open your function in the Editor and press the F5 key. This would make the Editor try to run the file, and in case the file is not in path, it will prompt you with a message box. Choose Add to Path in that, and you must be fine to go.
One side note: at the end of the above process, Matlab command window will give an error saying arguments missing: obviously, we didn't provide any arguments when we tried to run from the editor. But from now on you can use the function from the command line giving the correct arguments.
The most common cause of this problem is that Matlab cannot find the file on it's search path. Basically, Matlab looks for files in:
The current directory (pwd);
Directly in a directory on the path (to see the path, type path at the command line)
In a directory named #(whatever the class of the first argument is) that is in any directory above.
As someone else suggested, you can use the command which, but that is often unhelpful in this case - it tells you Matlab can't find the file, which you knew already.
So the first thing to do is make sure the file is locatable on the path.
Next thing to do is make sure that the file that matlab is finding (use which) requires the same type as the first argument you are actually passing. I.el, If w is supposed to be different class, and there is a divrat function there, but w is actually empty, [], so matlab is looking for Double/divrat, when there is only a #(yourclass)/divrat. This is just speculation on my part, but this often bites me.
The function itself is valid matlab-code. The problem must be something else.
Try calling the function from within the directory it is located or add that directory to your searchpath using addpath('pathname').
The error code indicates the function definition cannot be found. Make sure you're calling the function from the same workspace as the divrat.m file is stored. And make sure divrat function is not a subfunction, it should be first function declaration in the file. You can also try to call the function from the same divrat.m file in order to see if the problem is with workspace selection or the function.
By the way, why didn't you simply say
s = sqrt(diag(C));
Wouldn't it be the same?
Also, name it divrat.m, not divrat.M. This shouldn't matter on most OSes, but who knows...
You can also test whether matlab can find a function by using the which command, i.e.
which divrat
I am pretty sure that the reason why this problem happened is because of the license of the toolbox (package) in which this function belongs in. Write which divrat and see what will be the result. If it returns path of the function and the comment Has no license available, then the problem is related to the license. That means, license of the package is not set correctly. Mostly it happens if the package (toolbox) of this function is added later, i.e., after installation of the original matlab. Please check and solve the license issue, then it will work fine.