I have a client database that is in a pretty poor state, but I have to work with it. We have a set of product id's and each id is made up of the attributes of the product. What i'd like to do is select those id's that match the first 4 or 5 characters and have them in a drop down box as variants of a selected product.
I've tried 'group by subtr(0,6)', but this seems to return only the first match in the group. What I need is to have separate queries, that ONLY return ALL the individual rows that have a matching first x characters.
So, for example, I want to have queries that will return:
12345xx
12345yy
12345zz
and then another that will return:
56789xx
56789yy
56789zz
This following query would return only:
12345xx
and then
56789yy for example
select tbl_item.Description, tbl_item.`Description 2`, tbl_item.`Inventory Posting Group`, tbl_item.No_, tbl_item.`Web Description`, tbl_item.`Web Headers`, tbl_item.`Unit Price`, tbl_item.`Sales (Qty_)`, tbl_item.`Product Group Code`
from tbl_item
where tbl_item.`Product Group Code` = ':shopprodid' and tbl_item.`Vendor No_` = '$vendor_no'
group by substr(0,6)
The solution is to put the substr and LIKE in the WHERE clause (no need to group anything). And btw, in MySql the substring starts at index 1, not 0.
select *
from tbl_item
where substr(tbl_item.`Product Group Code`, 1, 6) LIKE ':shopprodid%'
What do you mean by substr(0,6)? the correct syntax is
SUBSTR( str, pos, len )
I suppose you mean:
SUBSTR( tbl_item.id, 0, 6 )
correct that.
And for the results you want you don't need the substr at all, use a query like this:
SELECT * from tbl_item WHERE tbl_item.id LIKE '12345%'
Try something like the following;
SELECT * FROM tbl_item WHERE SUBSTR([<Column name>], 1, 6) = '<Your ID prefix>' ORDER BY [<Column name>]
Related
I've studied and tried days worth of SQL queries to find "something" that will work. I have a table, apj32_facileforms_subrecords, that uses 7 columns. All the data I want to display is in 1 column - "value". The "record" displays the number of the entry. The "title" is what I would like to appear in the header row, but that's not as important as "value" to display in 1 row based upon "record" number.
I've tried a lot of CONCAT and various Pivot queries, but nothing seems to do more than "get close" to what I'd like as the end result.
Here's a screen shot of the table:
The output "should" be linear, so that 1 row contains 9 columns:
Project; Zipcode; First Name; Last Name; Address; City; Phone; E-mail; Trade (in that order). And the values in the 9 columns come from "value" as they relate to the "record" number.
I know there are LOT of examples that are similar, but nothing I've found covers taking all the values from "value" and CONCAT to 1 row.
This works to get all the data I want - SELECT record,value FROM apj32_facileforms_subrecords WHERE (record IN (record,value)) ORDER BY record
But the values are still in multiple rows. I can play with that query to get just the values, but I'm still at a loss to get them into 1 row. I'll keep playing with that query to see if I can figure it out before one of the experts here shows me how simple it is to do that.
Any help would be appreciated.
Using SQL to flatten an EAV model representation into a relational representation can be somewhat convoluted, and not very efficient.
Two commonly used approaches are conditional aggregation and correlated subqueries in the SELECT list. Both approaches call out for careful indexing for suitable performance with large sets.
correlated subqueries example
Here's an example of the correlated subquery approach, to get one value of the "zipcode" attribute for some records
SELECT r.id
, ( SELECT v1.value
FROM `apj32_facileforms_subrecords` v1
WHERE v1.record = r.id
AND v1.name = 'zipcode'
ORDER BY v1.value LIMIT 0,1
) AS `Zipcode`
FROM ( SELECT 1 AS id ) r
Extending that, we repeat the correlated subquery, changing the attribute identifier ('firstname' in place of 'zipcode'. looks like we we could also reference it by element, e.g. v2.element = 2
SELECT r.id
, ( SELECT v1.value
FROM `apj32_facileforms_subrecords` v1
WHERE v1.record = r.id
AND v1.name = 'zipcode'
ORDER BY v1.value LIMIT 0,1
) AS `Zipcode`
, ( SELECT v2.value
FROM `apj32_facileforms_subrecords` v2
WHERE v2.record = r.id
AND v2.name = 'firstname'
ORDER BY v2.value LIMIT 0,1
) AS `First Name`
, ( SELECT v3.value
FROM `apj32_facileforms_subrecords` v3
WHERE v3.record = r.id
AND v3.name = 'lastname'
ORDER BY v3.value LIMIT 0,1
) AS `Last Name`
FROM ( SELECT 1 AS id UNION ALL SELECT 2 ) r
returns something like
id Zipcode First Name Last Name
-- ------- ---------- ---------
1 98228 David Bacon
2 98228 David Bacon
conditional aggregation approach example
We can use GROUP BY to collapse multiple rows into one row per entity, and use conditional tests in expressions to "pick out" attribute values with aggregate functions.
SELECT r.id
, MIN(IF(v.name = 'zipcode' ,v.value,NULL)) AS `Zip Code`
, MIN(IF(v.name = 'firstname' ,v.value,NULL)) AS `First Name`
, MIN(IF(v.name = 'lastname' ,v.value,NULL)) AS `Last Name`
FROM ( SELECT 1 AS id UNION ALL SELECT 2 ) r
LEFT
JOIN `apj32_facileforms_subrecords` v
ON v.record = r.id
GROUP
BY r.id
For more portable syntax, we can replace MySQL IF() function with more ANSI standard CASE expression, e.g.
, MIN(CASE v.name WHEN 'zipcode' THEN v.value END) AS `Zip Code`
Note that MySQL does not support SQL Server PIVOT syntax, or Oracle MODEL syntax, or Postgres CROSSTAB or FILTER syntax.
To extend either of these approaches to be dynamic, to return a resultset with a variable number of columns, and variety of column names ... that is not possible in the context of a single SQL statement. We could separately execute SQL statements to retrieve information, that would allow us to dynamically construct a SQL statement of a form show above, with an explicit set of columns to be returned.
The approaches outline above return a more traditional relational model, (individual columns each with a value).
non-relational munge of attributes and values into a single string
If we have some special delimiters, we could munge together a representation of the data using GROUP_CONCAT function
As a rudimentary example:
SELECT r.id
, GROUP_CONCAT(v.title,'=',v.value ORDER BY v.name) AS vals
FROM ( SELECT 1 AS id ) r
LEFT
JOIN `apj32_facileforms_subrecords` v
ON v.record = r.id
AND v.name in ('zipcode','firstname','lastname')
GROUP
BY r.id
To return two columns, something like
id vals
-- ---------------------------------------------------
1 First Name=David,Last Name=Bacon,Zip Code=98228
We need to be aware that the return from GROUP_CONCAT is limited to group_concat_max_len bytes. And here we have just squeezed the balloon, moving the problem to some later processing, to parse the resulting string. If we have any equal signs or commas that appear in the values, it's going to make a mess of parsing the result string. So we will have to properly escape any delimiters that appear in the data, so that GROUP_CONCAT expression is going to get more involved.
Is there any way to do that in a single query? Or do I have to manage it externally? It is not a JOIN of any kind.
SELECT
IF (
(SELECT indicator FROM configuration_table) = 1,
(SELECT series_id FROM series_table LIMIT 1),
''
) as if_exp
FROM
series_table
This executes but returns the first ID over and over, and if I take out the LIMIT 1, it doesn't work as it expects only one result. But what I need is that, if this condition is met:
(SELECT indicator FROM configuration_table) = 1,
Then I need all this data returned:
SELECT series_id, series_code, series_name FROM series_table
Is it possible somehow? Should I be doing two queries and managing the data from php? Thank you very much.
The easiest way would be:
IF ((SELECT indicator FROM configuration_table) = 1) THEN
SELECT series_id, series_code, series_name FROM series_table
END IF
You did not show us what to do, when the condition is false. We do not know the relationship between configuration_table and series_table, so we can't find a way to make it in a single query.
I have copied this answer from IF Condition Perform Query, Else Perform Other Query this answer.
SELECT CASE WHEN ( (SELECT indicator FROM configuration_table) = 1 )
THEN
SELECT series_id, series_code, series_name FROM series_table
ELSE
<QUERY B>
END
Here Query B should replaced by your desired query.
Is there some way to JOIN on a resulting substring?
I've got a query that looks like this:
SELECT _atc_codes.se, _atc_codes.code, SUBSTR(_atc_codes.code, 1, 1)
FROM diagnoses
JOIN _atc_codes
ON (_atc_codes.id = diagnoses.atc_code)
Now I want to add an extra column to this query which should be SUBSTR(_atc_codes.code, 1, 1) joined to its corresponding _atc_codes.se, how do I do that?
This image shows incorrect results, the 4th column should read "Matsmältningsorgan och ämnesomsättning" (corresponding cell in _atc_codes.se).
SQL Fidde: http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!2/6695d
Can you try (this example uses MySQL user defined variables, it is important for this query that MySQL knows to use a value outside from subquery for comparision)
SELECT _atc_codes.se, _atc_codes.code,
#code_substr:=SUBSTR(_atc_codes.code, 1, 1) AS code_substr,
(
SELECT se
FROM _atc_codes
WHERE code=#code_substr
LIMIT 1
) AS code_substr_se
FROM diagnoses
JOIN _atc_codes ON _atc_codes.id = diagnoses.atc_code
Or (this example assigns table alias to outer table which is used in subquery because you are using a table twice and MySQL does not know which table to reference in SUBSTR in subquery):
SELECT outer_codes .se, outer_codes .code,
SUBSTR(outer_codes .code, 1, 1) AS code_substr,
(
SELECT se
FROM _atc_codes
WHERE code=SUBSTR(outer_codes.code, 1, 1)
LIMIT 1
) AS code_substr_se
FROM diagnoses
JOIN _atc_codes AS outer_codes ON outer_codes.id = diagnoses.atc_code
A third way would be adding a second JOIN and then group resultset like
SELECT _atc_codes_1st.se, _atc_codes_1st.code,
SUBSTR(_atc_codes_1st.code, 1, 1) AS code_substr,
MAX(_atc_codes_2nd.se) AS code_substr_se
FROM diagnoses
JOIN _atc_codes AS _atc_codes_1st ON _atc_codes_1st.id = diagnoses.atc_code
JOIN _atc_codes AS _atc_codes_2nd ON _atc_codes_2nd.code = SUBSTR(_atc_codes_1st.code, 1, 1)
GROUP BY _atc_codes_1st.se, _atc_codes_1st.code,code_substr
Deciding which variant to use, it would be the best to add a EXPLAIN to your query to show execution plan. Good luck.
I have a list of ids, and I want to query a mysql table for ids not present in the table.
e.g.
list_of_ids = [1,2,4]
mysql table
id
1
3
5
6
..
Query should return [2,4] because those are the ids not in the table
since we cant view ur code i can only work on asumption
Try this anyway
SELECT id FROM list_of_ids
WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT id
FROM table)
I hope this helps
There is a horrible text-based hack:
SELECT
substr(result,2,length(result)-2) AS notmatched
FROM (
SELECT
#set:=replace(#set,concat(',',id,','),',') AS result
FROM (
select #set:=concat(',',
'1,2,4' -- your list here
,',')
) AS setinit,
tablename --Your tablename here
) AS innerview
ORDER BY LENGTH(result)
LIMIT 1;
If you represent your ids as a derived table, then you can do this directly in SQL:
select list.val
from (select 1 as val union all
select 2 union all
select 4
) list left outer join
t
on t.id = list.val
where t.id is null;
SQL doesn't really have a "list" type, so your question is ambiguous. If you mean a comma separated string, then a text hack might work. If you mean a table, then something like this might work. If you are constructing the SQL statement, I would advise you to go down this route, because it should be more efficient.
I'd like to use a single SQL query (in MySQL) to find the record which comes after one that I specify.
I.e., if the table has:
id, fruit
-- -----
1 apples
2 pears
3 oranges
I'd like to be able to do a query like:
SELECT * FROM table where previous_record has id=1 order by id;
(clearly that's not real SQL syntax, I'm just using pseudo-SQL to illustrate what I'm trying to achieve)
which would return:
2, pears
My current solution is just to fetch all the records, and look through them in PHP, but that's slower than I'd like. Is there a quicker way to do it?
I'd be happy with something that returned two rows -- i.e. the one with the specified value and the following row.
EDIT: Sorry, my question was badly worded. Unfortunately, my definition of "next" is not based on ID, but on alphabetical order of fruit name. Hence, my example above is wrong, and should return oranges, as it comes alphabetically next after apples. Is there a way to do the comparison on strings instead of ids?
After the question's edit and the simplification below, we can change it to
SELECT id FROM table WHERE fruit > 'apples' ORDER BY fruit LIMIT 1
SELECT * FROM table WHERE id > 1 ORDER BY id LIMIT 1
Even simpler
UPDATE:
SELECT * FROM table WHERE fruit > 'apples' ORDER BY fruit LIMIT 1
So simple, and no gymnastics required
Select * from Table
where id =
(Select Max(id) from Table
where id < #Id)
or, based on the string #fruitName = 'apples', or 'oranges' etc...
Select * from Table
where id =
(Select Max(id) from Table
where id < (Select id from Table
Where fruit = #fruitName))
I'm not familiar with the MySQL syntax, but with SQL Server you can do something with "top", for example:
SELECT TOP 1 * FROM table WHERE id > 1 ORDER BY id;
This assumes that the id field is unique. If it is not unique (say, a foreign key), you can do something similar and then join back against the same table.
Since I don't use MySQL, I am not sure of the syntax, but would imagine it to be similar.
Unless you specify a sort order, I don't believe the concepts of "previous" or "next" are available to you in SQL. You aren't guaranteed a particular order by the RDBMS by default. If you can sort by some column into ascending or descending order that's another matter.
This should work. The string 'apples' will need to be a parameter.
Fill in that parameter with a string, and this query will return the entire record for the first fruit after that item, in alphabetical order.
Unlike the LIMIT 1 approach, this should be platform-independent.
--STEP THREE: Get the full record w/the ID we found in step 2
select *
from
fruits fr
,(
--STEP TWO: Get the ID # of the name we found in step 1
select
min(vendor_id) min_id
from
fruits fr1
,(
--STEP ONE: Get the next name after "apples"
select min(name) next_name
from fruits frx
where frx.name > 'apples'
) minval
where fr1.name = minval.next_name
) x
where fr.vendor_id = x.min_id;
The equivalent to the LIMIT 1 approach in Oracle (just for reference) would be this:
select *
from
(
select *
from fruits frx
where frx.name > 'apples'
order by name
)
where rownum = 1
I don't know MySQL SQL but I still try
select n.id
from fruit n
, fruit p
where n.id = p.id + 1;
edit:
select n.id, n.fruitname
from fruits n
, fruits p
where n.id = p.id + 1;
edit two:
Jason Lepack has said that that doesn't work when there are gaps and that is true and I should read the question better.
I should have used analytics to sort the results on fruitname
select id
, fruitname
, lead(id) over (order by fruitname) id_next
, lead(fruitname) over (order by fruitname) fruitname_next
from fruits;
If you are using MS SQL Server 2008 (not sure if available for previous versions)...
In the event that you are trying to find the next record and you do not have a unique ID to reference in an applicable manner, try using ROW_NUMBER(). See this link
Depending on how savvy your T-SQL skill is, you can create row numbers based on your sorting order. Then you can find more than just the previous and next record. Utilize it in views or sub-queries to find another record relative to the current record's row number.
SELECT cur.id as id, nxt.id as nextId, prev.id as prevId FROM video as cur
LEFT JOIN video as nxt ON nxt.id > cur.id
LEFT JOIN video as prev ON prev.id < cur.id
WHERE cur.id = 12
ORDER BY prev.id DESC, nxt.id ASC
LIMIT 1
If you want the item with previous and next item this query lets you do just that.
This also allows You to have gaps in the data!
How about this:
Select * from table where id = 1 + 1